The document provides an overview of basic computer systems. It discusses the main types of computers including personal computers, mainframes, minicomputers, and supercomputers. It then describes the typical components of a computer system including the central processing unit, memory, control unit, arithmetic logic unit, and input/output devices. Finally, it discusses operating systems and how they control the hardware and allow users to interact with applications and the computer.
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A device that computes, especially a programmable electronic machine that performs high-speed mathematical or logical operations or that assembles, stores, correlates, or otherwise processes information.
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A device that computes, especially a programmable electronic machine that performs high-speed mathematical or logical operations or that assembles, stores, correlates, or otherwise processes information.
Input And Output Devices
Prepared By Harsh ,Mehar , Astha and Kalpana
Students Of Birla Institute Of Technology,Patna Campus
Department: BBA Session 2016-2019
Guided By : Ritesh Ravi Sir (Our Computer Teacher)
A computer is a machine that can be programmed to manipulate symbols. Its principal characteristics are: It responds to a specific set of instructions in a well-defined manner. It can execute a prerecorded list of instructions (a program). It can quickly store and retrieve large amounts of data.
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The parts of a computer slideshow for grades 3-4. Includes a quiz and activity. The activity is supposed to have the students act out the parts of a computer.
*ROM is READ ONLY MEMORY - I had a typo...sorry!
This Slides covers:
Introduction to world of Computers, Basic Structure of Computer System, Computers in Home (Reference, Education & Communications, Entertainment an Digital Media Delivery, Smart Appliances, Home Computers), Computers in Education, Computers in workplace (productivity and decision making, customer services, communications), Computers on the move (Portable and Hand held computers, Self-Service kiosks, GPS Applications), Generation of Computer, Types of Computer (Size and Technology wise), Support Systems - Hardware and Software, Computer Peripherals, Memory Management.
This PowerPoint Presentation consist the data title "Basics of Computer. This slide share will definitely helpful in all the viewers. It is framed with lot of best and attractive pictures with suitable examples and images. It will be very much useful to the beginners learners of computer. It covers the following points, viz., 1. Introduction to Computer 2. Main Parts of Computer 3. Types of Computer 4. Storage Unit vs. Memory Unit 5. Classification on Working System 6. Types of Network 7. Classification of Computer- Based on Size 8. Some Important Extensions. The above points were discussed in this powerpoint presentation.
Learn to identify parts of a computer, hardware and software, operate the mouse and keyboard and become familiar with the MS Windows X/P Operating System.
Input And Output Devices
Prepared By Harsh ,Mehar , Astha and Kalpana
Students Of Birla Institute Of Technology,Patna Campus
Department: BBA Session 2016-2019
Guided By : Ritesh Ravi Sir (Our Computer Teacher)
A computer is a machine that can be programmed to manipulate symbols. Its principal characteristics are: It responds to a specific set of instructions in a well-defined manner. It can execute a prerecorded list of instructions (a program). It can quickly store and retrieve large amounts of data.
↓↓↓↓ Read More:
Watch my videos on snack here: --> --> http://sck.io/x-B1f0Iy
@ Kindly Follow my Instagram Page to discuss about your mental health problems-
-----> https://instagram.com/mentality_streak?utm_medium=copy_link
@ Appreciate my work:
-----> behance.net/burhanahmed1
Thank-you !
The parts of a computer slideshow for grades 3-4. Includes a quiz and activity. The activity is supposed to have the students act out the parts of a computer.
*ROM is READ ONLY MEMORY - I had a typo...sorry!
This Slides covers:
Introduction to world of Computers, Basic Structure of Computer System, Computers in Home (Reference, Education & Communications, Entertainment an Digital Media Delivery, Smart Appliances, Home Computers), Computers in Education, Computers in workplace (productivity and decision making, customer services, communications), Computers on the move (Portable and Hand held computers, Self-Service kiosks, GPS Applications), Generation of Computer, Types of Computer (Size and Technology wise), Support Systems - Hardware and Software, Computer Peripherals, Memory Management.
This PowerPoint Presentation consist the data title "Basics of Computer. This slide share will definitely helpful in all the viewers. It is framed with lot of best and attractive pictures with suitable examples and images. It will be very much useful to the beginners learners of computer. It covers the following points, viz., 1. Introduction to Computer 2. Main Parts of Computer 3. Types of Computer 4. Storage Unit vs. Memory Unit 5. Classification on Working System 6. Types of Network 7. Classification of Computer- Based on Size 8. Some Important Extensions. The above points were discussed in this powerpoint presentation.
Learn to identify parts of a computer, hardware and software, operate the mouse and keyboard and become familiar with the MS Windows X/P Operating System.
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A practical computer program that diagnoses diseases in actual patients.carlos_feder
Several so called "computer medical diagnosis programs" have been devised. We had a chance to review Internist, Quick Medical Reference (QMR), DXplain, Iliad, Gideon, Isabel, and others; some are no longer available. All this systems evoke a typically long differential diagnosis list, based on patient's symptoms, providing an excellent reminder of unusual diagnoses; however, they are unable to pinpoint the actual disease or diseases that indeed afflict a specific patient. Consequently, they are considered rather teaching or training tools for medical students or inexperienced physicians, as admitted by some of the program authors; for this reason and being quite time consuming to consult, these programs are poorly accepted and used by practicing health care providers. Our novel diagnostic system overcomes the drawbacks of existing programs, emulating as close as possible the natural reasoning of human clinicians. The core of our system is the novel mini-max procedure that computes the probability of each potential diagnosis more accurately than Bayes formula, Bayesian networks, and other similar methods; the system also diagnoses concurrent diseases that simultaneously afflict a single patient. Mini-max procedure enables to determine probabilistically and recommend at each diagnostic step the best cost-benefit clinical data next to investigate in a patient. This facilitates important overall cost saving-cost comprising expense, risk, and discomfort of obtaining clinical data-for patents and saving of available medical resources, by discouraging the ordering of futile tests or procedures. Our system is capable of diagnosing complex clinical presentations and precludes overlooking diagnoses associated with confirmed diagnoses. For all its virtues, our diagnostic system offers important socio-economic benefits that have the potential to change the way medicine will be practiced in the future; it is expected to provide invaluable benefits to patients, physicians, nurses, hospitals, health insurance companies, malpractice insurance companies and lawyers, and the entire medical establishment.
THE COMPUTER DEFINED
In basic term, a computer is an electronic device that processes data, converting it into information that is useful to people. Any computer- regardless of its type- is controlled by programmed instructions, which gives the machine a purpose and tell it what to do.
BASICS OF THE COMPUTER SYSTEM,DEFINITION, TYPES OF COMPUTER, PERSONAL COMPUTER, MAINFRAME COMPUTER, MINICOMPUTER ,SUPER COMPUTER,PARTS OF THE COMPUTER SYSTEM, INPUT AND OUTPUT DEVICES, STORAGE DEVICES
I hope You all like it. I hope It is very beneficial for you all. I really thought that you all get enough knowledge from this presentation. This presentation is about materials and their classifications. After you read this presentation you knowledge is not as before.
Basics of the Computer System.
Hi Everyone, here in this presentation you are about to get knowledge of 'What actually is a Computer System? Different types of computer, Computer Hardware, Software and a lot more with animated video..
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Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
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Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
3. PERSONAL COMPUTER
The most common types of computer is personal
computer- a personal computer that is designed to sit on
a desk or table. These are the systems you see all
around you, in school, homes, and office.
Today’s personal computers are more
powerful than those of just a few year’s ago. Not only do
these machine enable people to do their jobs with
greater ease and efficient, but they can be used to
communicate, produce music, edit photographs and
videos, etc. the main components of the personal
computer is the system units.
4. COMPUTER SYSTEM
THE COMPUTER DEFINED
In basic term, a computer is an electronic
device that processes data, converting it into
information that is useful to people. Any
computer- regardless of its type- is controlled
by programmed instructions, which gives the
machine a purpose and tell it what to do.
5. MAINFRAME COMPUTER
Mainframe computer are used in large organizations such
as insurance companies and banks, where many people
frequently need to use the same data. In a traditional
mainframe environment, each user accesses the
mainframe’s resources through a device called a
terminal. There are two types of terminals. A dumb
terminal does not process or store data; it is simply an
input/output device that functions as a window into a
computer located somewhere else. An intelligent
terminal can perform some processing operations, but it
usually does not have any storage. In some mainframe
environments, however, workers can use a standard
personal computer to access the mainframe.
6. MINICOMPUTER
First released in the 1960s, minicomputers
got their name because of their small size
compared to other computer of the day.
The capabilities of a minicomputer are
somewhere between those of mainframe
and personal computers. For this reason
minicomputers are often called midrange
computers.
7. SUPERCOMPUTER
Supercomputers are the most powerful
computers made, and physically they are
some of the largest. These systems can
process huge amounts of data, and the
fastest supercomputers can perform more
than one trillion calculations per second.
8. PARTS OF THE COMPUTER SYSTEM
A complete computer system consists of mainly four parts.
1. Hardware (The computer)
2. Software (Programs)
3. Data (Information)
4. User (People)
Hardware
The mechanical devices that make up the computer are called
Hardware. A computer’s hardware consists of interconnected
electronic devices that you can use to control the computer’s
operation, input, and output.
Software
Software is a set of instructions that makes the computer perform
tasks. In other words we can say that, software tells the
computer what to do. Here the program refers to any piece of
software
9. Data
Data consist of individual facts or pieces of information that
by themselves may not make much sense to a person. A
computer primary job is to process these tiny pieces of data
in various ways, converting them into useful information
Users
Peoples are the computer operators, also known as users.
One can argue that some computer systems are complete
without a person’s involvement; however no computer is
totally autonomous.
Even if a computer can do its job without a person sitting in
front of it, people still design, build, program, and repair
computer system
10. INFORMATION PROCESSING CYCLE
.
Information processing cycle is a set of steps the
computer follows to receive data, process the data
according to instructions from a program, display the
resulting information to the user,and store the results.
MEMORY
INPUT
CU
ALU
OUTPUT
11. ESSENTIAL COMPUTER HARDWARE
A Computer’s hardware devices fall into one of four categories.
Processor: The procedure that transforms raw data into
useful information is called processing. The processor is like
the brain of computer system. A personal computer’s processor
is usually a Single or a set of chips contained on a circuitboard.
Memory devices:
Memory devices are of two types.
R A M (Random Access Memory):RAM is like an electronic
scratch pad inside the computer.RAM is made up of a set of
chips mounted on a small circuit board.RAM is a volatile
memory. RAM has a tremendous impact on the speed and
power of the computer.
R O M (Read Only Memory): ROM is a non-volatile memory.
ROM permanently stores its data, even when the computer is
shut off.ROM holds contents that the computer needs to operate.
12. C U (control unit):
All the computer’s resources are managed from the control unit.
It act as a traffic signal directing the flow of data through the CPU
as well as to and from other devices. The CPU instructions for
carrying out commands are built into the control unit.
The control unit is the logical hub of the computer.
A L U (Arithmetic logic unit):
The work of the ALU is to perform arithmetic and logical operations.
Arithmetic operation include addition, subtraction, multiplication,and
division. Logical operation include comparison, such as determining
whether one number is equal to, greater than, or less than another
number.
13. INPUT AND OUTPUT DEVICES
Input devices:
The following are the types of input devices.
•KEYBOARD: The most common type of input device is keyboard
which accepts letters, numbers, and command from the users.
•MOUSE: This is another type of input device through which the
user give command to the computer.
•JOYSTICK: The joystick is a swiveling lever mounted on a stationary base that is well suited for playing video games.
•SCANNER: A scanner ca copy a printed page of a text or graphic
into the computer’s memory, freeing you from creating the data
From scratch.
•DIGITAL CAMERA: A digital camera can record still iamges,
which you can view and edit on the computer.
• TOUCH SCREEN: Touch screen accept input by allowing the
user to place a fingertips directly on the computer screen.
14. utput devices:
he following are the type of output devices.
MONITOR: The computer sends output to the monitor (the dislay screen) when the user needs only to see the output.
SPEAKER: This is another type of output devices through
which we used to hear sound and music.
PRINTER: Printer is most common output device in the
omputer system.Through printer we used to print the informion on a piece of paper. The printer paper is also called hard
opy.
YPES OF PRINTER:
enerally printers fall into two categories.
Impact printers:
An impact printer creates an image by using pins and hammers
o press an inked ribbon against the paper Ex:- typewriter.
15. II. Non-impact printer:
Non-impact printer use other means to create an image .Ex:Inkjet
Printer use tiny nozzles to spray to spray droplets of ink onto the
page.
•DOT MATRIX PRINTER:
These printer can produce sheet of plain text very quickly.These
printer are commonly used in workplace where physical impact
with the paper is important. The speed of dot matrix printer is
Measured in character per second (CPS).
Other types of impact printer is line printers, band printers.
•INK JET PRINTERS:
Ink jet printers create an image directly on the paper by spreading
Ink through tiny nozzles. These model typically attain print resolution of at least 300 dots per inch and can print two to four page
Per minute. In this type of printer routine replacement of ink
cartridge is necessary.
16. •LASER PRINTERS:
As the name implies, a laser printer is at the heart of these printer.
These printer is most expensive than inkjet printer, their print
quality are higher and faster.
The quality and speed of laser printers make them ideal for office
environment . The most common laser printers have resolutions
of 300 or 600 dpi both vertically and horizontally.
•ALL-IN-ONE PERIPHERALS:
Several printers makers make printer on the basis of all-in-one.
These devices combine printing with scanning, photocopying, and
Faxing capabilities.These devices are popular in home, offices,
and small businesses.
17. SING OPERATING SYSTEM:
he OS is an example of system software- software that controls
he system’s hardware and that interacts with the user and
pplication software. In short OS is the computer’s master control
rogram. The OS provides you with the tool that enables you to
nteract with the PC.
ypes of operating system:
perating system can be organized into four types.
. Real-time operating system
. Single-user/single-tasking operating system
. Single-user/multitasking operating system
. Multi-user/multitasking operating system
. Real-time operating system
A real time operating system is a very fast, relatively small OS.
hey are build into the circuitry of a device and are not loaded from
disk drive. A real time OS is needed to run real time application
18. Real time application are needed to run medical diagnostics
equipment, life support system, machinery, scientific instruments,
and industrial systems.
2. Single-user/single-tasking operating system:
An operating system that allows a single user to perform just one
task at a time is a single-user/single-tasking operating system.OS
can only manage a single task at a time.
MS-DOS is one example of a single tasking OS.
3. Single-user/multitasking operating system:
A Single-user/multitasking operating system is one that allows a
Single user to perform two or more functions at once. The multitasking features of these OSs have greatly increased the
productivity of people in the large variety of jobs because they
can accomplish in less time.
The disadvantages of Single-user/multitasking operating system is
the increased size, complexity to support multitasking.
19. 4. Multi-user/multitasking operating system:
A Multi-user/multitasking operating system is an operating system
that allows multiple users to use programs that are simultaneously
running on a single network server. In a Multi-user/multitasking
operating system environment, all or most of the computing
occurs at the server. The advantage of these operating system is
that they can be managed by simply making changes to one
server rather than to many desktop computer.
A disadvantages is that if the network connection to the server is
Broken, the user can not do any work in the application of server.
Ex- UNIX, VMS, and mainframe operating system such as MVS.
20. THE KEYBOARD
The keyboard was one of the first peripherals to
be used with computers, and it is still the
primary input device for entering text and
numbers. A standard keyboard includes about
100 keys; each key sends a different signal to
the CPU.
21. Numeric keys
pe
ALPHABET KEYS
Function keys
Backspace
Shift key
Caps lock
Esc
a
TAB KEY
Control key
ALT
y
te) ke
na
(Alter
Space bar
Arrow keys
ENTER KEY
tk
rtcu
Sho
ey
ke
art
St
y
22. THE MOUSE
A personal computer that was purchased in
the early 1980s probably included a
keyboard as the only input device. It is a
pointing device. A mouse is an input
device that you can move around on a flat
surface and control the pointer. The
pointer is an on-screen object, usually an
arrow, that is use to select text, access
menus, and interact with programs, files,
or data that appear on the screen.
23. CATEGORISED STORAGE DEVICES
The purpose of a storage device is hold data-even
when the computer is turned off-so the data can be
used whenever it is needed. Storage involves two
processes:
>> writing, or recording, the data so it can be found
later for use.
>> Reading the stored data, then transferring it into the
computer’s memory.
The physical material on which data
is stored are called storage media.
The hardware components that write data to, and
read data from, storage media are called storage
devices. For example: a diskette.
24. STORAGE DEVICES
MAGNETIC STORAGE DEVICE
Magnetic storage device are use the same
medium (the material on which the data is
stored), diskette derives, hard disk drives,
high-capacity floppy disk drives, and tape
drives use similar techniques for writing and
reading data. The surfaces of diskettes, hard
disks, high- capacity floppy disks, and
magnetic tape are coated with a magnetically
sensitive material, such as iron oxide, that
reacts to a magnetic field.
26. OPTICAL STORAGE DEVICE
The most popular alternatives to magnetic
storage systems are optical systems are
optical systems, including CD-ROM, DVDROM, and their variants. These devices
fall into the category of optical storage
because they store data on a reflective
surface so it can be read by a beam of
laser light. A laser uses a concentrated,
narrow beam of light, focused and directed
with lenses, prisms, and mirrors.
28. CD-ROM
The familiar audio compact disk is a popular
medium for storing music. In the computer
world, however, the medium is called
COMPACT DISK-READ-ONLY MEMORY (CDROM).CD-ROM uses the same technology used
to produce music CD. If your computer has a
CD-ROM drive, sound card, and speakers, you
can play audio cd’s on your PC.A CD-ROM drive
reads digital data (whether computer data or
audio) from a spinning disk by focusing a laser
on the disk’s surface. Data is storage in the form
of lands, which are flat areas on the metal
surface, and pits, which are depressions or
hollows. A standard compact disk can store 650
MB of data or about 70 minutes of audio.
29. DVD-ROM
Many of today’s new PCs feature a built-in
DIGITAL VIDEO DISK-read-only memory
(DVD-ROM) drive rather than a standard
CD-ROM drive. DVD-ROM is a highdensity medium capable of storing a fulllength movie on a single disk the size of a
CD.
30. VIDEO AND SOUND
VIDEO CARDS
The quality of the images that a monitor can
display is defined as much by the video card
(also called video controller) as by the monitor
itself. The video controller is an intermediary
device between the CPU and the monitor. It
contains the video –dedicated memory and
other circuitry necessary to send information to
the monitor for display on the screen.
31. SOUNDS SYSTEMS
Microphones are now important input
devices, and speakers and their
associated technologies are key output
system. Sounds systems are especially
useful to people who use their computer to
create or use multimedia products, watch
videos or listen to music, or participate in
online activities such as videoconferences
or distance learning.
32. SOUND CARDS
The most complicated part of a computer’s sound
system is the sound card. A computer’s sound
card is a circuit board that converts sounds from
analog to digital form, and vice versa, for
recording or playback. A sounds card actually
has both input and output functions. If you want
to use your computer’s microphone to record
your voice, for instance, you connect the
microphone to the sounds card’s input jack.