Biomolecules are groups of atoms containing more than one element that are involved in maintaining and metabolic processes of living organisms. There are four main types of biomolecules: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Carbohydrates are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen and function as an energy source. Lipids also contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen and function to store energy. Proteins contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen and function in building and repairing cells as well as speeding up or slowing down chemical reactions. Nucleic acids contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus and function to store genetic information and determine physical appearance.

2. WHAT ARE BIOMOLECULES?
Molecules are groups of atoms
that contain more than one element
and biomolecules involves in
maintenance and metabolic
processes of living organisms
Elements are atoms of one
particular type (from the periodic
table)

4. TYPES OF BIOMOLECULES
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic acids

5. Made up of C,H,O
Function: source of energy
Examples: sugar, rice, apples,
bread
Polymer: polysaccharide
(carbohydrates)
Monomer: monosaccharide
1. CARBOHYDRATES

6. TYPES OF CARBO HYDRATES
1. Monosaccharides: single sugar.
Ex. Glucose, fructose, galactose
Aka – simple sugars
2. Disaccharide: 2 simple sugars
Ex. Sucrose (table sugar) maltose
3. Polysaccharides: 3 or more sugars
Ex. Cellulose – used in cell walls
Starch stores energy in plants
Glycogen – stored energy in animals

7. 2. LIPIDS
Made of C,H,O
Function: Store energy
Examples: wax, oil, butter,
cholesterol
Structure: 1 glycerol and 3 fatty
acids

8. EXAMPLES OF LIPIDS

9. 3. PROTEINS
Made of C,H,O,N
Function: Building and repairing cells,
speeds up or slows down chemical
reactions
Examples: meat/muscle, hair, nails,
enzymes
Polymer: Polypeptide (proteins)
Monomer: amino acid

10. EXAMPLE OF PROTIEN

11. 4. NUCLEIC ACIDS
Made of C,H,O,N,P
Function: Store genetic
information, determines physical
appearance
Example: DNA, RNA, ATP
(energy)
Polymer: nucleic acids
Monomer: nucleotides

12. EXAMPLES OF NUCLIEC ACIDS