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asphalt
The document provides an overview of asphalt, including its classification into natural and residual types, with emphasis on its properties such as durability, waterproofing, and insulation. It describes different forms of asphalt like asphaltic cement, emulsion, cut-back, and mastic, highlighting their production processes and applications. The uses of asphalt are broadly outlined, including its role in construction, waterproofing, and as a material for various coatings.
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asphalt
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- 2. CONTENT • Asphalt • Classificationof asphalt • Forms of asphalt • Properties of asphalt • Uses of asphalt
- 3. ASPHALT • The asphaltis a mechanical mixture of inert material matter like alumina, lime, silica etc. and the asphaltic bitumen. • It is black or brownish-black in colour. • It remains in solid state at low temperature and become liquid at a temperature of about 500 𝑐 𝑡𝑜 1000 𝑐.
- 4. CLASSIFICATION OF ASPHALT •Natural asphalt • Residual asphalt
- 5. NATURAL ASPHALT • Naturalasphalt: this variety of asphalt is obtained from nature. Natural asphalt
- 6. LAKE ASPHALT • Thisasphalt is obtained from lakes at Trinidad and Bermudez ( south America ) at depth varying from 3 to 60 metres. • It contains about 40% to 70%of pure bitumen. • The water content is about 30%. The rest is impurities. It refined by boiling in a tank. • The water evaporates and impurities collect at the top. These impurities are removed. • This refined lake asphalt is used widely for road and pavement construction.
- 7. RESIDUAL ASPHALT • Thisvariety is also known as the artificial asphalt. • It is obtained by the fractional distillation of crude petroleum oil with an asphaltic base. • Such process leaves a solid substance in the retort. This solid substance is the residual asphalt.
- 8. FORMS OF ASPHALT •Asphaltic cement. • Asphaltic emulsion. • Cut-back asphaltic . • Mastic Asphaltic .
- 9. ASPHALTIC CEMENT • Itis prepared by blowing air through melted asphalt at high temperature. • The asphalt is oxidized and the resulting product is plastic in nature and it is highly resistant to varying climatic conditions. • It is used for flooring, roofing, water-proofing and filler in expansion joints in concrete.
- 10. ASPHALTIC EMULSION • Itis produced by mixing asphalt with 50 to 60 %water in presence of 1 % of emulsifying agent. • When water evaporates ,the emulsion breaks and it forms a water proofing layers. • It can be applied in cold conditions.
- 11. CUT-BACK ASPHALTIC • Thisis a liquid asphalt. It is prepared by dissolving asphalt in a volatile solvent. • It can be applied at normal temperature in cold condition. • It is used for preparing bituminous paints, for repairing roofs etc.
- 12. MASTIC ASPHALTIC • Itis produced by heating natural asphalt with sand and mineral fillers. The resulting product is a voidless impermeable mass. • The hardness and melting point of mastic asphalt can be controlled during its manufacture. • It may either be in solid or semi solid state. • It is used as a material for damp-proofing and water –proofing.
- 13. PROPERTIES OF ASPHALT •It is a tough and durable material. • It is a water-proof material and used can be easily cleaned. • It is a good insulator of electricity, heat and sound. • It is non-inflammable and non absorbent. • It is not attacked by acids and is safe against vermin. • It is resilient and reasonably elastic.
- 14. USES OF ASPHALT •As damp-proof courses. • As water – proof layer for tanks, basements, swimming pools etc. • For preparing paints and roofing felts. • For constructing roads and pavements etc.