This document discusses 4G wireless networks, which will provide transmission speeds from 100Mbps to 1Gbps. 4G networks will be fully IP-based and integrated, allowing for any service from anywhere. They will require new technologies like OFDMA and MIMO to achieve the high data rates and capacity goals. 4G will also require new network components like IPv6 and advanced antenna systems to support the large number of wireless devices and provide increased network capacity and range.
Ericsson Technology Review: Leveraging LTE and 5G NR networks for fixed wirel...Ericsson
LTE and 5G New Radio are opening up significant commercial opportunities for operators to use fixed wireless access (FWA) to bring the internet to many of the more than one billion households around the world that are still unconnected, as well as to many small and medium-sized businesses. We believe that the most promising approach is shared investment with mobile broadband (MBB), using the same ecosystem, assets and spectrum bands.
The latest Ericsson Technology Review article highlights the key principles for combined MBB and FWA deployments, and presents a use case that illustrates the recommended deployment approach. The actions we recommend are designed to benefit both MBB and FWA services simultaneously.
LTE MTC: Optimizing LTE Advanced for Machine Type CommunicationsQualcomm Research
LTE MTC will significantly increase battery life, reduce cost/complexity, and enhance coverage by optimizing LTE Advanced for machine-type communications. These optimizations will empower innovative machine-to-machine (M2M) services across a wide range of use cases that demand the ubiquitous coverage, high reliability, and robust security of 4G LTE connectivity, without the high data rate requirements of mobile broadband.
For more information, please visit www.qualcomm.com/lte-mtc.
Download the presentation here: https://www.qualcomm.com/media/documents/files/lte-mtc-optimizing-lte-advanced-for-machine-type-communications.pdf
The expanding role of LTE Advanced, delivering new, transformative technologies that go well beyond faster peak data rates. These new technologies include introducing LTE-M for efficient machine-type communications, expanding LTE Direct device-to-device capabilities and use cases, empowering new services-such as LTE Ultra-Low Latency, and also driving convergence of traditionally disparate networks, spectrum types, and deployment models-such as LTE and Wi-Fi Convergence. Realizing a new connectivity paradigm with LTE Advanced-trailblazing the path to 5G!
An introduction to 5G technology through the evolution of mobile networks: from 1G to 5G. The presentation provides basic information about each generation of mobile network: features, limitations, basic radio technologies and algorithms behind each generation.
Overview of which LPWAN technologies (LoRa, Sigfox, Weightless, etc.) are right for various IoT applications. Clear look at the pros and cons of each technology.
Qualcomm's vision for a scalable, intelligent, and converged connectivity fabric to handle the extreme variations and requirements of this new era where the industry prepares for tens of billions of devices, machines, and things that will be wirelessly connected to the Internet and each other. At the heart of this vision are new, transformative technologies that are expanding LTE, Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth to connect new industries, enable new services, and empower new user experiences. It also encompasses Qualcomm's 5G vision to meet the ever-expanding needs for this connectivity fabric in the next decade. Welcome to the future of wireless!
Shared/unlicensed spectrum is important for 5G and is valuable for wide range of deployments from extreme bandwidth by aggregating spectrum, enhanced local broadband to Internet of Things verticals. 5G New Radio (NR) will natively support all different spectrum types and is designed to take advantage of new sharing paradigms. We are pioneering 5G shared spectrum today by building on LTE-U/LAA, LWA, CBRS/LSA and MulteFire.
The new 5G unified air interface is being designed to not only vastly enhance mobile broadband performance and efficiency, but also scale to connect the massive Internet of Things and enable new types of services such as mission critical control that require ultra-low latency and new levels of reliability and security. The new design will unify diverse spectrum types and bands, scale from macro deployments to local hotspots and efficiently multiplex the envisioned 5G services across an extreme variation of requirements.
For more information on 5G technologies, use cases and timelines, please visit us at www.qualcomm.com/5G.
Ericsson Technology Review: Leveraging LTE and 5G NR networks for fixed wirel...Ericsson
LTE and 5G New Radio are opening up significant commercial opportunities for operators to use fixed wireless access (FWA) to bring the internet to many of the more than one billion households around the world that are still unconnected, as well as to many small and medium-sized businesses. We believe that the most promising approach is shared investment with mobile broadband (MBB), using the same ecosystem, assets and spectrum bands.
The latest Ericsson Technology Review article highlights the key principles for combined MBB and FWA deployments, and presents a use case that illustrates the recommended deployment approach. The actions we recommend are designed to benefit both MBB and FWA services simultaneously.
LTE MTC: Optimizing LTE Advanced for Machine Type CommunicationsQualcomm Research
LTE MTC will significantly increase battery life, reduce cost/complexity, and enhance coverage by optimizing LTE Advanced for machine-type communications. These optimizations will empower innovative machine-to-machine (M2M) services across a wide range of use cases that demand the ubiquitous coverage, high reliability, and robust security of 4G LTE connectivity, without the high data rate requirements of mobile broadband.
For more information, please visit www.qualcomm.com/lte-mtc.
Download the presentation here: https://www.qualcomm.com/media/documents/files/lte-mtc-optimizing-lte-advanced-for-machine-type-communications.pdf
The expanding role of LTE Advanced, delivering new, transformative technologies that go well beyond faster peak data rates. These new technologies include introducing LTE-M for efficient machine-type communications, expanding LTE Direct device-to-device capabilities and use cases, empowering new services-such as LTE Ultra-Low Latency, and also driving convergence of traditionally disparate networks, spectrum types, and deployment models-such as LTE and Wi-Fi Convergence. Realizing a new connectivity paradigm with LTE Advanced-trailblazing the path to 5G!
An introduction to 5G technology through the evolution of mobile networks: from 1G to 5G. The presentation provides basic information about each generation of mobile network: features, limitations, basic radio technologies and algorithms behind each generation.
Overview of which LPWAN technologies (LoRa, Sigfox, Weightless, etc.) are right for various IoT applications. Clear look at the pros and cons of each technology.
Qualcomm's vision for a scalable, intelligent, and converged connectivity fabric to handle the extreme variations and requirements of this new era where the industry prepares for tens of billions of devices, machines, and things that will be wirelessly connected to the Internet and each other. At the heart of this vision are new, transformative technologies that are expanding LTE, Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth to connect new industries, enable new services, and empower new user experiences. It also encompasses Qualcomm's 5G vision to meet the ever-expanding needs for this connectivity fabric in the next decade. Welcome to the future of wireless!
Shared/unlicensed spectrum is important for 5G and is valuable for wide range of deployments from extreme bandwidth by aggregating spectrum, enhanced local broadband to Internet of Things verticals. 5G New Radio (NR) will natively support all different spectrum types and is designed to take advantage of new sharing paradigms. We are pioneering 5G shared spectrum today by building on LTE-U/LAA, LWA, CBRS/LSA and MulteFire.
The new 5G unified air interface is being designed to not only vastly enhance mobile broadband performance and efficiency, but also scale to connect the massive Internet of Things and enable new types of services such as mission critical control that require ultra-low latency and new levels of reliability and security. The new design will unify diverse spectrum types and bands, scale from macro deployments to local hotspots and efficiently multiplex the envisioned 5G services across an extreme variation of requirements.
For more information on 5G technologies, use cases and timelines, please visit us at www.qualcomm.com/5G.
This is work done by MURTADHA ALI NSAIF SHUKUR student at MMU Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India. With the help my teacher ( Dr.H.P.Sinha HOD (ECE) ) thank for Dr. H.P. sinha and all my teachers for help me. thank you
I use this presentation for opening 4G Mobile Technology seminar sessions. Usually it will be continued with 1 other presentation on LTE, 1 on WiMAX II, and 1 on applications.
4G technology in wireless communications and it's standards.
Prepared by : Ola Mashaqi ,, Suhad Malayshe
(A telecomm. Engineering Students)
Annajah National University
In this Presentation explained about the Unit 5 - 4G Networks and Beyond concepts for third year ECE students, which makes very clear to understand all the Generation networks and its features and applications. Hope it will be useful to all student community.
Evolution from 1G to 4G, First Generation (1G), Second generation (2G), Third generation (3G), Comparison Between 3G and 4G, Features of 4G, General 4G services and Application, Future Development, Advantages, Disadvantages, Evolution of mobile communication in Bangladesh
In networking terminology, wireless is the term used to describe any computer network where there is no physical wired connection between sender and receiver, but rather the network is connected by radio waves and/or microwaves to maintain communications. Wireless system includes different generations of wireless technology - 1G, 2G, 2.5G, 3G, 4G and 5G.
it gives info about the 4g technology as well as the previous technologies with disadvantages and what are the reasons new technologies are developed. best viewed with animation in office 10 or above
Our ultimate goal is to communicate with any type of information with anyone, at anytime, from anywhere. This is possible with the aid of WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY.
4G refers to the fourth generation of cellular wireless standards. It is a successor to 3G and 2G technologies. 4G will be Convergence Platform providing clear advantages in terms of Coverage, Bandwidth, Power Consumption, variety Services ranging from Pop-Up advertisements to Location-Based services and IP Data casting ones.
5G Is Overhyped - Learn What It Can Really DoWalt Maclay
Learn what 5G cellular will really deliver for the three very different use cases: cell phones, on-premise equipment, and low data rate IoT. Much of what is promoted is much more limited than what has been advertised, for example, coverage areas and speed.
Also, learn what will be different about IoT communication. The future with 5G will be different. Learn what it will really be like. Join us for an engaging talk and Q & A with Walt Maclay, Voler Systems, Electronic Product Design experts in wearable, IoT, medical and consumer products.
5G Is Overhyped - Learn What It Can Really DoWalt Maclay
The promise of 5G
The technology
* Frequency bands
* Speed, distance, and latency of different bands
* 5G for cell phones
* 5G for low latency high reliability
* 5G for the Internet of Things (IoT)
What this means for the future
* Carrier choices will make a big difference
* Where you are will make a big difference
* What does 5G do for IoT?
Event Management System Vb Net Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
In present era, the scopes of information technology growing with a very fast .We do not see any are untouched from this industry. The scope of information technology has become wider includes: Business and industry. Household Business, Communication, Education, Entertainment, Science, Medicine, Engineering, Distance Learning, Weather Forecasting. Carrier Searching and so on.
My project named “Event Management System” is software that store and maintained all events coordinated in college. It also helpful to print related reports. My project will help to record the events coordinated by faculties with their Name, Event subject, date & details in an efficient & effective ways.
In my system we have to make a system by which a user can record all events coordinated by a particular faculty. In our proposed system some more featured are added which differs it from the existing system such as security.
Vaccine management system project report documentation..pdfKamal Acharya
The Division of Vaccine and Immunization is facing increasing difficulty monitoring vaccines and other commodities distribution once they have been distributed from the national stores. With the introduction of new vaccines, more challenges have been anticipated with this additions posing serious threat to the already over strained vaccine supply chain system in Kenya.
Democratizing Fuzzing at Scale by Abhishek Aryaabh.arya
Presented at NUS: Fuzzing and Software Security Summer School 2024
This keynote talks about the democratization of fuzzing at scale, highlighting the collaboration between open source communities, academia, and industry to advance the field of fuzzing. It delves into the history of fuzzing, the development of scalable fuzzing platforms, and the empowerment of community-driven research. The talk will further discuss recent advancements leveraging AI/ML and offer insights into the future evolution of the fuzzing landscape.
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Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Quality defects in TMT Bars, Possible causes and Potential Solutions.PrashantGoswami42
Maintaining high-quality standards in the production of TMT bars is crucial for ensuring structural integrity in construction. Addressing common defects through careful monitoring, standardized processes, and advanced technology can significantly improve the quality of TMT bars. Continuous training and adherence to quality control measures will also play a pivotal role in minimizing these defects.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
1. Fourth generation of wireless network
Submitted By:
Gaurav Tripathi
ECE 7th Sem
Roll No.75113012
1
2. INTRODUCTION
• 4G(also known as beyond 3G), an abbreviation
of fourth generation, is a term used to
describe the next complete evolution in
wireless communications.
• The international telecommunication
regulatory and standardization bodies are
working for commercial deployment of 4G
networks roughly in the 2011-2015 time scale.
2
3. Overview
• Wireless System Evolution
• 4G Mobile Technology
• Motivation for 4G Research Before 3G Has Not
Been Deployed?
• Objectives
• Approaches
• What is needed to Build 4G Networks of
Future?
• Applications
3
4. WIRELESS SYSTEM EVOLUTION
• 1G
Introduced in the early
1980s and completed in
early 1990s.
Analog signals with the
speed up to 2.4kbps
Voice was main traffic
4
5. • 2G
Late 1980s and
finished in 2000s
Digital signal with up
to 64kbps
Voice transmission
and SMS
5
6. • 3G
Late 1990s to late
2000s
Transmission speed
from 125kbps to
2Mbps
Based on either
circuit switching or
packet switching
6
7. • 4G
Starting from late
2000s
Transmission speed
from 100Mbps to
1Gbps
Only packet
switched networks
7
8. 8
What is 4G ?
• The next generation of wireless technology that promises
higher data rates and expanded multimedia services.
• A completely new fully IP-based integrated system or
systems and network of networks achieved after
convergence of wired and wireless networks.
• Capable to provide 100 Mbps and 1 Gbps, respectively in
outdoor and indoor environments
• End-to-end QoS and high security.
• Any kind of services at any time as per user requirements,
anywhere with seamless interoperability
• Always on, affordable cost, one billing and fully
personalized.
9. 9
Motivation for 4G Research Before 3G Has Not Been
Deployed?
• Needs of future high-performance applications like
multi-media, full-motion video, wireless
teleconferencing
• Need global mobility and service portability
• Difficulty in continuously increasing bandwidth and
high data rate to meet multimedia services
requirements, together with the coexistence of
different services needing different QoS.
• Need wider bandwidth
• Need all digital packet network that utilizes IP in its
fullest form with converged voice and data
capability.
10. 10
Objectives
• A spectrally efficient system (in bits/s/Hz and
bits/s/Hz/site)
• High network capacity: more simultaneous users per
cell
• A nominal data rate of 100 Mbit/s while the client
physically moves at high speeds relative to the
station, and 1 Gbit/s while client and station are in
relatively fixed positions as defined by the ITU-R
• A data rate of at least 100 Mbit/s between any two
points in the world
11. • Smooth handoff across heterogeneous
networks
• Seamless connectivity and global roaming
across multiple networks
• Interoperability with existing wireless
standards and
11
12. 12
Generation Overview
Technology 1G 2G 2.5G 3G 4G
First design 1970 1980 1985 1990 2000
Implementa
tion
1982 1991 1999 2002 2010?
Service Analog
voice
Digital
voice, SMS
Packaged
data
Broadband
data up to
2 mb/s
IP-oriented
unlimited
multimedia
data
Standards AMPS TDMA,
CDMA,
GSM
GPRS,
EDGE
W-CDMA,
HSOPA
WiMAX,
HSOPA
Data
bandwidth
1.9 kbps 14.4 kbps 384 kbps 2 mbps 200 mbps
12
13. 13
Comparisons of 4G with 3G Mobile Technologies
Major requirement
3G (Including 2.5G
4G
driving architectu
, Sub3G)
re
Predominantly voice drive
n; data was always add on
Converged data and voice
over IP
Network Architecture Wide area cell-based Hybrid: Integration of
wireless LAN (WiFi,
Bluetooth) and wide area
Speeds 384 Kbps to 2 Mbps 20 to 100 Mbps in mobile
mode
Frequency Band Dependent on country or
continent (1800‐
Higher frequency bands (2-
8 GHz)
Bandwidth 5-20 MHz 100 MHz (or more)
14. 14
Major requirement dr
iving architecture
3G (Including 2.5G,
Sub3G)
4G
Switching Design Basis Circuit and Packet All digital with packetize
d voice
Access Technologies W-CDMA OFDM and MC-CDMA
(Multi Carrier
CDMA)
Component Design Optimized antenna desig
n, multi-band adapters
Smarter Antennas, softw
are multiband and wideb
and radios
IP A number of air link prot
ocols, including IP 5.0
All IP (IPv6)
Standard WCDMA, CDMA2000 Single Standard
Multiplexing CDMA CDMA
Core Network Packet Network Internet
15. 15
Principal Technologies
• Base band techniques
– OFDMA: To exploit the frequency selective
channel property
– MIMO: To attain ultra high spectral efficiency
• Adaptive radio interface
• Modulation, spatial processing including multi-antenna
and multi-user MIMO
16. 16
Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM)
• Transmission technique based
on FDM
• In FDM
– Multiple signals are sent
out at the same time, but on
different frequencies
• In OFDMA
– A single transmitter
transmits on many different
orthogonal (independent)
frequencies (typically
dozens to thousands)
– Frequencies closely spaced
– Each only has room for
Narrowband signal
17. 17
Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing
(OFDM)
Advantage of OFDM
• High spectrum efficiency
• Resistance against multipath
interference
• Ease of filtering out noise
• Combining OFDM technique
with other techniques
(possible to achieve more
advantages e.g. MC-CDMA)
Disadvantage of OFDM
• Suffers from time-variations in
the channel : severely degrades
performance
• Circuitry must be very linear
18. 18
Components – IPV6
• In the context of 4G, IPv6 support is essential in order
to support a large number of wireless-enabled devices.
• By increasing the number of IP addresses, IPv6
removes the need for Network Address Translation
(NAT).
• IPv6 also enables a number of applications with better
multicast, security, and route optimization capabilities.
19. 19
Components - Advanced Antenna Systems
• Transmitting & receiving antennas
• Resolve problem of diminishing spectrum availability
• Doesn’t require increase power or additional
frequency
• Fix no. of beams that can be selected to follow
devices as it moves about
• Advantages:
– Increased capacity
– Increased range
– Less power use for transmission
– Reductions in handoff rate
– New services
– Increase security
20. 20
What is needed to Build 4G Networks of Future?
• Lower Price Points Only Slightly Higher than
Alternatives
• More Coordination Among Spectrum Regulators
Around the World
• More Academic Research
• Standardization of wireless networks
• A Voice-independent Business Justification Thinking
• Integration Across Different Network Topologies
• Non-disruptive or proper Implementation
21. 21
Applications
• E-commerce
• Business/Work
• Private Life
• Vehicular
• Public Place
• Entertainment
• Education