This presentation summarizes 4G technology, providing an overview of its key features and advantages in 3 sentences or less: 4G technology supports high-speed wireless communication of up to 1 Gbps for stationary users and 100 Mbps for mobile users, allowing for multimedia applications like high-definition video calls and streaming. It uses an all-IP packet-switched network along with technologies like OFDM, MIMO antennas, IPv6, and software-defined radios. While 4G aims to provide affordable high-speed connectivity globally, challenges remain in fully implementing its capabilities and integrating new services cost-effectively.

1. A PRESENTATION
on
4G TECHNOLOGY
16/11/17
1
Institute of Engineering and Technology,
Sitapur Road , Lucknow
Presented by: Saurabh Kumar
Roll No: 1405231042
Branch: EC
Course: B.Tech
Submitted to:
Ms Pooja Gupta
Faculty
Electronics Department

2. 2/22
Outline
➔ Generation of Wireless Communication
➔ Motivation for 4G Research
➔ 4G Technology
➔ Technology used in 4G
➔ Ipv6 Technology
➔ VoIP Technology
➔ OFDM Technology
➔ SDR Technology
➔ Features of 4G
➔ Applications of 4G
➔ Advantages of 4G
➔ Disadvantage of 4G
➔ Future Prospects of 4G
➔ Challenges
➔ Conclusion

3. Generation of wireless communication
3/22

Refers to the first-generation of wireless telephone technology, mobile
telecommunications.

Analog signals are used and introduced in the early 1980s.

Average rate between 4800 to 9600 bps

Based on FDMA.
1G
DRAWBACKS

1G Poor voice quality

Poor battery life

Large phone size

No security

Frequent call drops

4. Generation of wireless communication
4/22

2G was launched in Finland in the year 1991.

2g networks use digital signals.

Enabled services such as text messages, picture messages and MMS.

Is based on GSM or in other words global system for mobile communication .
2G TECHNOLOGY
DRAWBACKS

Requires strong digital signals to help mobile phones work. If there is no network
coverage in any specific area, digital signals would be weak.

2G is a circuit switched, connection oriented technology, where the end systems are
dedicated for the entire call session. This causes inefficiency in usage of bandwidth and
resources.

The GSM-enabled systems do not support high data rates.

They are unable to handle complex data such as video.

5. Generation of wireless communication
5/22

The 3G technology adds multimedia facilities to 2G phones by allowing video, audio, and
graphics applications. Over 3G phones, you can watch streaming video or have video
telephony.

The idea behind 3G is to have a single network standard .

3G promises increased bandwidth, up to 384 kbps when the device holder is walking, 128
kbps in a car, and 2 Mbps in fixed applications.
3G TECHNOLOGY
DRAWBACKS

High bandwidth requirement

High spectrum licensing fees

Huge capital

6. Motivation for 4G Research Before 3G Has
Not Been Deployed
6/22
 Needs of future high-performance applications like multi-media, full-
motion video, wireless teleconferencing.
 Need global mobility and service portability.
 Difficulty in continuously increasing bandwidth and high data rate to meet
multimedia services requirements.
 Need wider bandwidth.
 Need all digital packet network that utilizes IP in its fullest form with
converged voice and data capability.

7. 4G Technology
7/22
 Characterised by high-speed data rates.
 In 4G the download speed is up to 100 Mbps for moving users and 1
Gbps for stationary users
 Will allow users to download a full-length feature film within five minutes
 Will also be able to stream high-definition television and radio to hand-
held device so 4G is adoption of packet switching instead of circuit
switching in voice and video calls

8. Technologies Used in 4G
8/22
 Smart Antenas for Multiple-input and multiple- output (MIMO)
 IPv6
 VoIP
 OFDM
 Software Defined Radio (SDR) System

9. Technologies
9/22

Transmitting & receiving antennas

Resolve problem of diminishing spectrum availability

Doesn’t require increase power or additional frequency

Fix no. of beams that can be selected to follow devices as it moves about
SMART ANTENNAS
ADVANTAGES

Increased capacity

Increased range

Less power use for transmission

Increase security

10. IPv6 Technology
10/22
 In the context of 4G, IPv6 support is essential in order to support a large
number of wireless-enabled devices.
 By increasing the number of IP addresses, IPv6 removes the need for
Network Address Translation (NAT).
 IPv6 also enables a number of applications with better multicast, security,
and route optimization capabilities.

11. VoIP Technology “Voice Over Internet Protocol”
11/22
 Allows only packets (IP) to be transferred eliminating complexity of 2
protocols over the same circuit
 All voice data will be wrapped up in a packet - Lower latency data
transmission (faster transmission)
 Samples voice between 8,000 & 64,000 times per second and creates
stream of bits which is then compressed and put into a packet.
 Increases battery life due to greater data compression.

12. OFDM Technology “Orthogonal Frequency Division
Multiplexing”
12/22
 Allows for transfer of more data than other forms of multiplexing (time,
frequency, code, etc)
 Simplifies the design of the transmitter & receiver
 Allows for use of almost the entire frequency band -No gaps to prevent
interference needed
 The frequencies are spaced so that the signals do not interfere with each
other (no cross talk)
 Parallel Data Transmission -Allows for the sending of multiple signals
simultaneously from the same antenna (or wire) to one device

13. Software-Defined Radio(SDR) Technology
13/22
 SDR is one form of open wireless architecture (OWA).
 Since 4G is a collection of wireless standards, the final form of a 4G
device will constitute various standards.
 This can be efficiently realized using SDR technology, which is
categorized to the area of the radio convergence.

14. Features of 4G
14/22
 Support for interactive multimedia, voice, streaming video, Internet, and
other broadband services
 Fully IP based mobile system
 High speed, high capacity, and low cost‐per‐bit
 Global access, service portability, and scalable mobile services
 Seamless switching, and a variety of Quality of Service
 Better scheduling and call‐admission‐control techniques
 Better spectral efficiency
 Interoperability with existing wireless standards
 An all IP, packet switched network

15. Applications of 4G
15/22
 Better Usage of Multimedia Applications
 Virtual Presence: 4G system gives mobile users a "virtual presence" (for
example, always-on connections to keep people on event).Video
Conferencing
 Virtual navigation: a remote database contains the graphical
representation of streets, buildings, and physical characteristics of a large
metropolis. Blocks of this database are transmitted in rapid sequence to a
vehicle
 Tele- geoprocessing: Queries dependent on location information of
several users, in addition to temporal aspects have many
applications.e.g:GIS,GPS
 4G in normal life . i)Trafffic control. ii)Mobile phones. iii)Sensor on public
vehicle.

16. Advantages of 4G
16/22
 Affordable communication services.
 High speed,high capacity and low cost per bit.
 Support for interactive multimedia, voice , streaming video, Internet and
other broadband services.
 Global access, Service portability and scalable mobile services and
variety of quality of services provided.
 Better spectral efficiency.
 Seamless network of multiple protocol and air interfaces.

17. Disadvantages of 4G
17/22
 Battery usage is more
 Hard to implement
 Need complicated hardware
 The equipment required to implement a next generation network is still
very expensive.
 Carriers and providers have to plan carefully to make sure that expenses
are kept realistic

18. Future Prospects of 4G
18/22
 4G is coming quicker.
 Fast internet access to both stationery and mobile users.
 4G can be efficiently combined with cellular technologies to make
consistent use of smart phones and also create video blogs.
 This gives the manufactures the opportunity to produce more affordable
user friendly 4G compatible devices.
 4G is capable of providing new horizon of opportunity for both existing
and startup telephone companies.

19. Challenges
19/22

Challenges in migration to 4G.

High data-rate services and low per bit transmission cost.

Meet the demand of the diverse users.
Integrating all the promised services is a challenge
Competition with the next forth coming 5G

5G technology is providing large broadcasting of data in Gigabit which supports almost
65,000 connections.

5G technology would provide better use of available bandwidth.

20. Conclusion
20/22
Though 4G is facing challenges and problems we believe that future
research will overcome these challenges and integrate newly developed
services to 4G networks making them available to everyone, anytime and
everywhere.

21. 21
Thank you

22. 22
Any Query…?