This document summarizes the views on 5G spectrum from the GSA Spectrum Group European regional team. It outlines that both low and high frequency spectrum bands will be needed to meet the diverse 5G usage scenarios. The "pioneer bands" identified by the European Union for 5G trials and early commercial deployment include 700 MHz, 3400-3800 MHz, and 24.25-27.5 GHz bands. The 3400-3800 MHz (C-band) is particularly important as it can provide wide contiguous blocks of 100 MHz or more per operator. However, the C-band spectrum is currently fragmented in Europe and consolidation is needed to enable 5G deployment by 2020.

1. ©
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5G
SPECTRUM
IN
EUROPE
GSA
spectrum
group
December
2016
www.gsacom.com

2. © 2015 Global mobile Suppliers Association 2
This presentation outlines the agreed views on 5G Spectrum from the GSA Spectrum Group
European regional (CEPT) team
GSA is a global supplier association and the Spectrum Group has a global mandate to
deliver spectrum messaging on behalf of its members. This presentation is a European
position on 5G spectrum and may not represent the position with other regions
About the GSA Spectrum Group:
The Spectrum Group within GSA is the GSA focus group for global policy matters related to the radio
frequency spectrum and radio regulatory matters pertaining to the successful evolution of International
Mobile Telecommunication (IMT) of ITU and associated administrative, operational and technical aspects.
GSA SPECTRUM GROUP

3. © 2015 Global mobile Suppliers Association 3
EUROPE’S
5G
PIONEER
BANDS
AND
ACTION
PLAN
!
2018
Trials
2020
Commercial
(1
major
city
per
country)
2025
Seamless
coverage
(all
major
ci6es,
transport
paths)
2016
Pioneer
Bands
(*)
2017
Extended
set
of
Bands
(**)
Japan
Summer
Olympics
(Jul
‘20)
Korea
Winter
Olympics
(Feb
‘18)
Spectrum
selecLon
China
Product
R&D
trials
(2018-­‐2020)
FCC
rules
for
28,
37
and
39
GHz
bands
(Jul
‘15)
Common
Lmelines
“5G
AcLon
Plan”
&
“5G
spectrum
roadmap”
700
MHz
3400-­‐3800
MHz
24.25
–
27.5
GHz
2019
(*)
“Radio
Spectrum
Policy
Group
strategic
roadmap
towards
5G
for
Europe
–
Opinion
on
spectrum
related
aspects
for
next
genera6on
wireless
systems
(5G)
(**)
Supplementary
Opinion
from
RSPG

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• Low
frequencies
• Full
area
coverage
allowing
cost
effec6ve
delivery
of
mobile
services
• Bandwidths
considerably
wider
(in
the
order
of
100s
of
MHz)
than
those
of
today,
providing
a
combina6on
of
capacity
and
coverage
• New
bands
below
6GHz
should
be
made
available
for
5G
• High
frequencies
• Needed
for
applica6ons
requiring
very
high
data
rates
• Will
accommodate
wider
channel
bandwidths
(e.g.
up
to
1GHz
per
MNO)
within
a
coverage
area
that
can
reach
several
100s
meters
in
outdoors
• PropagaLon
characterisLcs
may
facilitate
sharing
with
exis6ng
services
5G
NEEDS
SPECTRUM
LOW
AND
HIGH
FREQUENCIES
Higher
and
lower
frequencies
are
both
needed
to
meet
all
mul6ple
5G
use
cases
10
50
40
30
20
60
80
70
1
5
4
2
6
3
Low
frequencies
GHz
In scope of WRC-19, allocated to
Mobile Service already
In scope of WRC-19, may require
allocation to Mobile Service
In scope of previous WRCs
High
frequencies

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eMBB
Enhanced
Mobile
Broadband
mMTC
Massive
Machine
Type
Communica6ons
URLLC
Ultra-­‐reliable
and
Low
Latency
Communica6ons
3D
video,
UHD
screens
Smart
City
Industry
automaLon
Gigabytes
in
a
second
Self
Driving
Car
Augmented
reality
Smart
Home
/
Building
Work
&
play
in
the
cloud
Voice
Mission
criLcal
applicaLon
Future
IMT
Low
frequencies
with
wide
bandwidth
100
Mbps
user
experience
anywhere
E.g.
3400-­‐3800
MHz
High
frequency
with
very
wide
bandwidth
For
very
high
end
user
peak
data
rate:
20
Gbps
E.g.
24.25-­‐27.5
(pioneer)
and
37-­‐43.5
GHz
Low
frequencies
with
good
coverage
wide
and
deep
coverage,
massive
IoT
connecMons
E.g.
700,
3400-­‐3800
MHz
Low
frequencies
For
wide
reliable
coverage
E.g.
700,
3400-­‐3800
MHz
All
exis6ng
IMT
frequency
bands
should
be
ready
for
5G
based
on
market
demand
on
a
technology
and
service
neutral
basis
EXAMPLE
MAPPING
OF
RSPG
PIONEER
BANDS
WITH
5G
USE
CASES

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C-­‐BAND:
FIRST
5G
BAND
GLOBALLY
Available for IMT / offical plans
Under discussion for IMT
Japan:
inves6ga6ons
on
the
promising
bands
for
5G
including
e.g.
3600-­‐4200
MHz,
4400-­‐4900
MHz,
MNOs
considering
these
bands
for
5G
amongst
others
• Targeting at least 300-400 MHz contiguous bandwidth in most countries!
• Enabling around 100 MHz of contiguous spectrum per MNO (within the 3400-3800 MHz range)!
• Refarming and auctions under consideration in a number of European countries!
GHz
4.5
4.8
4.9
4.4
3.4
3.6
3.8
4.2
5.0
China
ongoing
5G
technology
trial
in
the
3400-­‐3600
MHz
band.
MNOs
considering
3300-­‐3600
MHz
for
5G
Korea:
3400-­‐3700
MHz
band
is
a
good
candidate
for
5G
USA:
further
studies
proposed
for
a
number
of
bands
including
3100-­‐3550
MHz
and
3700-­‐4200
MHz
(in
addi6on
to
3550-­‐3700
MHz
already
being
opened
for
mobile
use)

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C-­‐BAND:
LARGER
BLOCKS
NEEDED
FOR
5G
• C-Band spectrum is fragmented across Europe: !
– paired assignments (but used for TDD rollout)!
– some FS and FSS incumbents still remain!
– multiple regional / local assignments, many with expiry dates after the year 2021!
• Target:!
– Around 100 MHz of contiguous spectrum per MNO within the 3400-3800 MHz range!
– Up to 200MHz / MNO within the 3400-4200 MHz range!
Number
of
individual
usage
rights
across
Europe
•
Regional
licenses
FIN (*)
FR
GER
IT (*)
SWE
UK
Source:
www.efis.dk/
views2/report03.jsp
-­‐
Oct
’16
and
Huawei
**
Auc6on
under
planning
Current
fragmentaLon
in
the
3400-­‐3800
MHz
band
requires
acLon
to
enable
5G
by
2020.
(**)
3400 3500 36003410 3420 3430 3440 3450 3460 3470 3480 3490 3510 3520 3530 3540 3550 3560 3570 3580 3590
(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)
(**)

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• 700
MHz
• The
common
schedule
for
the
band
availability
by
2020
is
important
• The
band
may
deliver
important
benefits
to
5G,
no6ng
that
LTE
rollouts
will
start
before
2020
in
some
European
countries
• 470-­‐694
MHz
(longer
term)
• IMT
iden6fica6on
in
a
number
of
countries
(at
WRC-­‐15)
• Region
2:
470-­‐608
&
614-­‐698
MHz:
Bahamas,
Barbados,
Canada,
Mexico,
U.S.;
614-­‐698
MHz:
Belize,
Colombia;
Incen6ve
auc6on
already
in
progress
in
the
US
• Region
3:
470-­‐698
MHz:
Micronesia,
Solomon,
Tuvalu,
Vanuatu;
610-­‐698
MHz:
Bangladesh,
Maldives,
New
Zealand
• Added
to
the
preliminary
agenda
for
WRC-­‐23
for
Region
1:
Europe
should
develop
its
posi6on
for
WRC-­‐19
(when
the
Agenda
Item
descrip6on
will
be
finalized)
UHF:
FOR
WIDE
AND
DEEP
COVERAGE
Spectrum
below
1GHz
can
cost
effec6vely
address
5G
use
cases
requiring
smaller
bandwidth
and
good
coverage
(e.g.
IoT
5G
use
case)

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• Propaga6on
models
and
5G
parameters
are
being
defined
to
support
sharing
studies
• Spectrum
needs
for
IMT
and
compa6bility
with
other
services
are
being
analyzed
WRC-­‐19
24.25
GHz
31.8
33.4
37.0
43.5
45.5
47.047.2
27.5
3.5
42.5
40.5
42.5
1.5
3.0
50.2
52.6
50.4
2.2
66
76
81
86
5 5
71
5
In scope of WRC-19,
allocated to Mobile Service
already
In scope of WRC-19, may
require allocation to Mobile
Service
3.25
2
1.6
• Bands
between
24.25
GHz
and
86
GHz
are
being
studied
for
WRC-­‐19
(Agenda
Item
1.13)

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26GHZ
(PIONEER)
AND
40GHZ
3
GHz
3.25
GHz 6.5
GHz
1.6
GHz 3
GHz
2
GHz
3
GHz
0.85
GHz
The 24.25-29.5 & 37-43.5 GHz are the most promising bands for early 5G global commercialization
3.25
GHz
(agreed
pioneer)
24.25 27.5 29.5 31.8 33.4 37 40.5 42.5 43.5
GHz
U.S.
has
the
bands
27.5-­‐28.35,
37-­‐38.6,
38.6-­‐40
GHz
for
licensed
use,
the
band
64-­‐71GHz
for
unlicensed
use
Korea:
has
decided
26.5-­‐29.5
GHz
for
5G
trial
Japan
is
inves6ga6ng
the
promising
bands
for
5G
including
28GHz
Confirmed
Likely
TBD
Global primary MS band
Non-global primary MS band
Non AI1.13 band
China
is
conduc6ng
compa6bility
studies
for
the
26
and
40
GHz
bands
Europe’s
5G
pioneer
band
and
other
bands
considered
for
5G

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• Adequate
economies
of
scale
for
cost
effec6ve
solu6ons
for
end
users
• Global
roaming
for
end
user
devices
• Reduced
efforts
in
cross
border
coordina6on
• Reduced
equipment
design
complexity,
preserving
baoery
life,
and
improving
efficiency
in
spectrum
use
• There
may
be
new
challenges
in
the
terminal
implementa6on
to
support
mul6ple
non-­‐con6guous
bands
(above
6GHz)
in
the
same
device
–
especially
in
the
ini6al
stage
SPECTRUM
HARMONIZATION
AT
HIGH
FREQUENCIES
Spectrum
harmoniza6on
remains
important
for
the
development
of
IMT
as
it
allows
for:
Spectrum
harmonizaLon
is
even
more
important
for
higher
frequencies
in
order
to
support
the
development
of
the
new
ecosystem.

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• Feasibility
and
6me
availability
of
tuning
ranges
are
impacted
by
various
factors
inlcuding
the
required
width
and
the
compa6bility
and
sharing
requirements
for
exis6ng
services
• Early
access
to
the
28
GHz
band
is
driving
the
development
of
the
first
5G
infrastructure
and
devices
for
early
trials
and
deployments
in
2017/2018
• The
implementa6on
of
this
band
is
further
supported
by
the
upcoming
5G
trials
in
Korea
(see
slide
5)
where
the
26.5-­‐29.5
GHz
range
will
be
used
(resul6ng
in
an
overlap
of
1GHz)
• Other
op6ons
are
presented
in
the
next
slide
‘Tuning
range’
approach
allows
to
benefit
from
early
developments
in
other
Regions,
maximizing
economies
of
scale
and
reducing
fragmenta6on
of
spectrum
26GHZ
(24.25
–
27.5
GHZ)
The
24.25
–
29.5
GHz
tuning
range
allows
Europe
to
benefit
from
early
ecosystem
being
developed
for
the
28
GHz
band
in
other
Regions.
24.25 - 27.5
(3.25)
27.5 - 29.5
(2.0)
“25+28”
tuning
range
19%

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TUNING
RANGES
–
FOR
FURTHER
DISCUSSION
(*)
RR
5.340:
“all
emissions
are
prohibited
in
the
following
bands:
31.3-­‐31.5
GHz
(R1,2,3),
31.5-­‐31.8
GHz
(R2)”
26.5 / 27.5 -
29.5
(3.0 / 2.0)
Passive
Services
(*)
31.8 - 33.4
(1.6)
“28+32”
tuning
range
23%
• 31.8
–
33.4
GHz
supported
for
studies
towards
WRC-­‐19
by
all
regions
at
WRC-­‐15
• The
size
of
the
poten6ally
available
bandwidth
(1.6GHz)
could
be
limited
by
the
fact
that
“all
emissions
are
prohibited”
in
adjacent
passive
band
31.5-­‐31.8
GHz
19%
37 - 39.5
(2.5)
39.5 - 41.5
(2.0)
41.5 - 43.5
(2.0)
“38+42”
tuning
range
16%
• In
line
with
the
wide
support
during
the
WRC-­‐15,
different
por6ons
of
spectrum
within
the
37.0
–
43.5
GHz
range
are
now
being
considered
for
5G
in
various
regions,
e.g.:
• 37
–
40
GHz
already
decided
in
the
USA
• 40.5
–
43.5
GHz
in
Europe
The
applica6on
of
tuning
range
concept
to
the
28+32
GHz
bands
is
not
a
viable
op6on.

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• Higher
signal
propaga6on
fading
• Typical
deployments
will
address
capacity
enhancements
in
hotspot
and
indoor
scenarios
• Low
frequencies
will
ensure
seamless
coverage
• Urban
and
suburban
outdoor
small
cell
deployment
• Below
roosop
antenna
in
urban
areas
has
large
cluoer
loss
• Lower
transmioer
power
than
in
Macro
cells
• Indoor
deployment
• Higher
building
entry
loss
reduces
the
indoor
IMT
opera6on
risk
to
interfere
other
users
in
outdoors
• Narrow
beams
• Only
covering
small
areas,
e.g.
tens
of
meters
• Limi6ng
the
signal
power
to
the
unwanted
direc6ons
Sharing
with
IMT-­‐2020
at
higher
frequencies:
NEW
SHARING
OPPORTUNITIES
The
satellite
and
mobile
industries
both
rely
on
efficient
use
of
scarce
spectrum
to
ensure
conLnued
growth.
It
is
important
to
establish
adequate
protecLon
(not
over-­‐protecLon)
for
satellite
systems:
spectrum
sharing
must
be
discussed
on
realisLc
terms.
GSA
encourages
efforts
to
improve
the
mutual
understanding.
typical
h = 30 m typical
h < 10 m
Ver6cal angular
discrimination
mitigates
interference
Dense Urban area
IMT base
station

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• Europe
should
ac6vely
promote
5G
deployments
in
the
700
and
3400-­‐3800
MHz
bands
by
2020
• 700
MHz
• The
band
may
deliver
important
benefits
to
5G,
no6ng
that
LTE
rollouts
will
start
before
2020
in
some
European
countries
• 3400-­‐3800
MHz
• Ensure
a
suitable
regulatory
framework
for
5G
• Address
current
fragmenta6on
to
enable
around
100
MHz
of
con6guous
spectrum
per
MNO
• Clearing
of
the
band
from
incumbent
users
(development
of
sharing
frameworks
when
required)
• Auc6on
rules
to
incen6vize
largest
con6guous
assignments
• For
the
longer
term,
Europe
should
further
inves6gate
new
spectrum
possibili6es:
• 3800-­‐4200
MHz
• It
can
further
extend
the
3400-­‐3800
MHz
range
allowing
up
to
200
MHz
per
MNO,
on
a
shared
basis
where
needed
• 470-­‐694
MHz
• To
increase
the
availability
of
spectrum
with
good
coverage
• More
long
term
deployment
in
Europe
GSA
VIEWS
ON
THE
KEY
NEXT
STEPS
(1/2)
Low
frequency
spectrum
will
be
essen6al
for
5G

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• 26GHz
• Europe
(CEPT)
will
develop
a
harmoniza6on
decision,
before
the
WRC-­‐19,
setng
the
condi6ons
for
the
introduc6on
of
5G
in
the
26
GHz
band
• Condi6ons
should
take
into
account
protec6on
(not
over-­‐protec6on)
of
exis6ng
services
in
the
same
and
adjacent
frequency
bands
(e.g.
EESS
/
SRS
earth
sta6ons)
• 40GHz
• In
addi6on,
within
the
prepara6on
for
WRC-­‐19,
CEPT
will
kick
off
studies
addressing
sharing
in
the
40GHz
bands,
• The
engagement
within
Region
1
and
with
other
Regions
is
important
to
ensure
that
Europe’s
5G
bands
will
rely
on
widest
economies
of
scale.
GSA
VIEWS
ON
THE
KEY
NEXT
STEPS
(2/2)
High
frequency
with
very
wide
bandwidth
will
be
needed
to
address
very
high
end
user
peak
data
rate:
~20
Gbps
10
50
40
30
20
60
80
70
1
5
4
2
6
3
Low
frequencies
GHz
High
frequencies
In scope of WRC-19
Additional options
European 5G pioneer bands

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• 28
GHz
trials
in
the
United
States
by
Verizon
and
AT&T.
Verizon
announced
commercial
launch
in
2017.
AT&T
also
looking
at
trials
in
3.5
GHz
and
15
GHz.
• 28
GHz
trials
in
South
Korea
in
6me
for
the
2018
Olympics
with
SK,
KT
and
LG
U+
using
1
GHz
of
spectrum
per
operator.
• Early
system
trials
planned
in
Japan
for
3600-­‐4100
MHz,
4405-­‐4895
MHz
and
27.5-­‐28.28
GHz,
star6ng
2017
in
Tokyo,
and
con6nuing
as
a
larger-­‐scale
field
trial
through
2018
and
2019.
• The
IMT-­‐2020
Promo6on
Group
of
China
has
announced
the
ongoing
5G
technology
trial
in
the
3400-­‐3600
MHz
band.
In
addi6on,
the
bands
3300
–
3400
MHz,
4400
–
4500
MHz,
4800
–
4990
MHz,
25
GHz
and
40
GHz
are
being
considered
for
5G
use.
• In
Russia
operator
Megafon
intends
to
run
a
5G
network
in
2018
(in
6me
for
FIFA
World
Cup).
• In
Sweden
Telia
Company
is
conduc6ng
field
trials
in
the
Stockholm
area
and
plans
to
bring
5G
experience
to
customers
in
Stockholm
and
Tallinn
in
2018.
• The
European
Commission
recently
published
their
5G
Ac6on
Plan
with
preliminary
trials
from
2017
onwards,
and
pre-­‐commercial
trials
from
2018.
Likely
bands
are
3400-­‐3800
MHz
and
24.25-­‐27.5
GHz
(see
pioneer
band
discussion)
• and
many
more
…
EXAMPLES
OF
RECENT
TRIAL
ACTIVITIES
Many
trials
ongoing
&
planned
around
the
world
mainly
in
3.5
GHz,
4.5
GHz
and
28
GHz

18. ©
2016
Global
mobile
Suppliers
Associa6on
18
Promo6ng
the
Mobile
Broadband
Technology
Roadmap
Global
mobile
Suppliers
Associa6on

19. ©
2016
Global
mobile
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19
BACKUP

20. ©
2016
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mobile
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20
• The
assignment
of
exclusive
spectrum
usage
rights
(i.e.
“licensed
spectrum”)
will
remain
of
central
importance
also
for
5G
as
key
enabler
for:
• Mission
cri6cal
applica6ons
• Low
latency
applica6ons
• Guaranteed
Quality
of
Experience
(QoE)
to
end
users
• Shared
spectrum
access
schemes
(e.g.
License
Shared
Access)
could
be
considered
as
a
complementary
op6on
if
the
band
cannot
be
cleared
• While
defining
sharing
frameworks
to
protect
an
incumbent
services
in
a
certain
band,
Administra6ons
need
to
find
the
appropriate
trade-­‐off
between
the
complexity
of
the
framework,
degree
of
spectrum
use
and
QoS
to
be
assured
for
end
users
and
6me
to
market
SPECTRUM
ACCESS
SCHEMES
NOTE:
to
be
shown
“when
needed”
depending
on
the
audience

21. ©
2016
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mobile
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21
SPECTRUM
SHARING
EXAMPLE
3.8-­‐4.2
GHZ
Targe6ng
protec6on
of
incumbent
users
AND
maximized
spectrum
u6liza6on
FSS
Earth
StaLon
IMT
heterogeneous
networks
Ubiquitous
/
specific
FSS
Earth
StaLons
outside
of
urban
areas
“Buffer
zone”
(exclusion
/
restricLon
/
protecLon
zone)
IMT
Macro
+
Small
Cell
In
urban
areas
NOTE:
to
be
shown
“when
needed”
depending
on
the
audience

22. ©
2016
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mobile
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22
IMPLEMENTATION
OF
BANDS
FROM
WRC-­‐12
AND
WRC-­‐15
1800
”Core”
2000
2300
”Extension”
2600
450
900
3400
3600
3800
“PCS”
1900
850
“AWS”
“AWS”
<
1
GHz
1
-­‐
3
GHz
3
-­‐
5
GHz
800
700
2600
850
900
700
4200
4800
4990
3300
3700
Americas
Asia-­‐Pacific
700
600
600
450
450
“L-­‐band”
2300
2000
Africa,
Asia-­‐Pacific,
Europe,
Middle
East
“L-­‐band”
Americas
Africa
(*),
Europe,
Middle
East
WRC-­‐23
(*)
The
band
850
MHz
is
used
in
some
countries
in
Africac
Implemented
/
discussed
at
na6onal
/
regional
level
Unit:
MHz
IMT
iden6fica6on
in
the
ITU-­‐R
Radio
Regula6ons
(before
WRC-­‐
IMT
iden6fica6on
in
the
ITU-­‐R
Radio
Regula6ons
(WRC-­‐15)
No
IMT
iden6fica6on