The document covers a wide range of topics in experimental design, social psychology, sensation and perception, neuroscience, learning, memory, cognition, motivation, stress, development, personality, psychopathology, and therapy. Specifically, it discusses experimental methods like the Milgram experiment and Zimbardo's prison study. It also summarizes concepts such as classical and operant conditioning, multiple intelligences theory, parenting styles, defense mechanisms, and treatment approaches including systematic desensitization and psychopharmacology.

3. Experimental Design
Control group = no treatment

5. *IQ tests: mean =100
Standard deviation = 15
Z score

6. Milgram Experiment
*unethical- coercion

7. Zimbardo’s (Stanford) Prison
Experiment

8. *Asch experiment

10. Social Loafing

11. Group Polarization

12. Mere Exposure Effect

14. Fundamental Attribution Error

15. Low-ball technique
• Ask your friend for a ride. Then you tell them
after they agree that the place is a half hour
away.

16. Foot-in-the-door technique
“Can I copy the homework from last night?”
“Sure.”
Later on…
“Can you write this paper for me?”
“Okay.”
Start with a small request to increase the chances someone
will comply to a larger request later.

17. *medulla

19. The Neuron

21. Endocrine System

25. Sensory Adaptation
• Decreased responsiveness to sensory stimuli
due to prolonged exposure (uncontrollable;
based on receptor cells)
ex. going “nose blind”

26. Sensory Habituation
• Tendency of the brain to stop responding to
unchanging stimuli (intentionally blocking out;
conscious)

27. Signal Detection Theory

30. Trichromatic
Theory
Opponent Process
Theory
(*explains afterimage)
Color Vision

31. Gestalt Principles
(explain visual perception)

32. Parts of the Ear

33. Properties of Sound

34. The Senses

36. **Stages 3+4 are now combined into 1 stage. So it goes stage 1,
2, 3 and REM.

38. Pavlov’s Classical Conditioning

39. Watson’s Little
Albert
Experiment
(Classical
Conditioning)

40. Skinner’s Operant Conditioning

41. Bandura’s Observational
Learning/Social Learning Theory

42. Memory

43. Interference (memory)
Can’t remember new
stuff b/c old stuff gets
in the way
Can’t remember old stuff
b/c new stuff gets in the
way

44. Problem Solving (cognition)

46. Representativeness Heuristic
• Overestimate probability/judge based on our
prototype
Ex. You think it’s likely to have
an older, male history teacher
because that’s the prototype
(when really, most teachers in
our SS dept. are young and
many are female)

47. Availability heuristic
• Overestimate probability or judge things
based on information that is available/shown
to you
Ex. Ms. Sturgess hears about a
plane crash on the news and
thinks her chances of getting in
a plane crash are higher now

48. Projective Tests
Rorschach Inkblot
Thematic Apperception Test

49. Reliability and Validity
Not near target; test
doesn’t cover what
it’s supposed to, but
it’s consistent
In target every time;
test is consistent and
covers what it’s
supposed to
Not consistent;
not in target

50. Gardner’s Multiple Intelligence Theory

51. Goleman’s Emotional Intelligence

52. Drive Reduction Theory

53. Arousal Theory (Motivation)
• Seeking to increase or decrease stimulation
– Ex. Being on your phone when bored in class

54. Incentive Theory
• Motivation through rewards (extrinsic or
intrinsic)

55. Theories of Emotion

56. Selye’s General Adaption Syndrome
(responses to stress)
Fight or flight
kicks in
Bodily responses
level off/plateau
Bodily sources
become depleted
from prolonged
stress

57. Inverted U Hypothesis
A certain amount of arousal/stress is needed for us to
perform well. Too much stress though will impair
performance.

58. Mary Ainsworth

59. Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive
Development

60. No object permanence
No conservation
egocentrism

61. Piaget’s Assimilation + Accommodation

63. Kohlberg’s Moral Reasoning

64. Baumrind’s Parenting Styles

65. Big Five Personality Traits
(McCrae and Costa)

66. Rotter’s Locus of Control

67. Freud’s Components of Personality

68. Defense Mechanisms

70. Schizophrenia

71. Somatoform Disorders

73. Anxiety Disorders

75. Systematic Desensitization

76. Psychopharmacology
Antianxiety Antidepressants
Antipsychotics Mood Stabilizers

77. Insight Therapy (“talk therapy”)
Psychoanalysis
• Dream analysis
• Free association
• interpretation
Client-centered/person
centered (Carl Rogers)