The document discusses the process of vision and how the eye works. It begins with light entering the eye and being projected onto the retina. Photoreceptors in the retina are sensitive to light and transmit visual information via the optic nerve to the brain. The brain processes this input in the visual cortex located in the occipital lobe, where features are detected through parallel processing. The key stages are gathering light entering the eye, transduction of light signals in the retina, and processing of this information in the visual areas of the brain.

1. Transduction
• Transforming signals
into neural impulses.
• Information goes
from the senses to
the thalamus , then
to the various areas
in the brain.
Remember Ethan in Sky High. He
changes his body to slime. Solid
form to liquid form. Change from
one form of energy to another.

2. Energy vs. Chemical senses
Energy Senses Chemical Senses
Vision
Touch
Hearing
Taste
Smell

3. Vision
• Our most dominating
sense.
• Visual Capture

4. 4 Chapter 4
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yh6FE8vVMrk

5. Chapter 4

6. 6 Chapter 4

7. Chapter 4

8. A Journey Through the Human Eye:
How We See
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gvozcv8pS
3c

9. THE EYE AND VISION
• Light enters the eye and then is projected
onto a surface
• The amount of light that enters the eye is
determined by the size of the pupil which
adjusts automatically to the amount of
light entering the eye
• Once light enters the eye, it encounters
the lens which adjusts to the distance of
objects by changing its thickness

10. Question: How does the eye enable
vision?
• These changes project a clear image of the object
onto the retina, which consists of neurons that are
sensitive to the light called photoreceptors
• Once the light hits the photoreceptors, a nerve
carries the visual input into the brain where the
information is relayed to the visual area of the
occipital lobe
THE EYE AND VISION

11. 11 Chapter 4

13. Phase One: Gathering Light
• The height of a wave gives us it’s intensity
(brightness).
• The length of the wave gives us it’s hue (color).
• The longer the wave the more red.
• The shorter the wavelength the more violet.

14. Phase Two: Getting the light in
the eye

15. Phase Three: Transduction

16. Transduction Continued
• Order is Rods/Cones to
Bipolar to Ganglion to
Optic Nerve.
• Sends info to thalamus-
area called lateral
geniculate nucleus
(LGN).
• Then sent to cerebral
cortexes.
• Where the optic nerves
cross is called the optic
chiasm.

18. Phase Four: In the Brain
• Goes to the Visual
Cortex located in
the Occipital Lobe
of the Cerebral
Cortex.
• Feature Detectors.
• Parallel ProcessingWe have specific cells that see
the lines, motion, curves and
other features of this turkey.
These cells are called feature
detectors.

19. Cornea, iris, pupil, lens, retina, optic nerve