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A History of 
Psychology
The Hippocratic Oath is an oath 
historically taken by physicians, 
physician assistants and other 
healthcare professionals swearing 
to practice medicine ethically and 
honestly.
Particularly in Europe during the Middle Ages, 
beatings were administered to the mentally ill who 
acted out as punishment for the disturbances their 
behavior caused and as a means of “teaching” 
individuals out of their illnesses.
The Middle Ages & Mental Illness 
Causes of mental illness included: 
■Supernatural causes such as demons and demonic 
possession. 
■Witchcraft and sorcery. 
■Mass hysteria. 
■Melancholy and stress. 
Treatments for mental illness included: 
■Exorcism. 
■Shaving the pattern of a cross in the head-hair. 
■Believe that those suffering from mental illness could 
benefit from hearing mass. 
■Drinking ice-cold water.
Structuralism Functionalism 
 first school of 
psychology 
 breaking down mental 
processes 
 Wilhelm Wundt 
 too concerned with 
internal behavior (cant 
observe)
Structuralism Functionalism 
o focused on the purpose 
of consciousness and 
behavior 
o emphasized individual 
differences 
o William James 
o Influenced the 
educational system
Structuralism Functionalism 
 first school of 
psychology 
 breaking down mental 
processes 
 Wilhelm Wundt 
 too concerned with 
internal behavior (cant 
observe) 
o focused on the purpose 
of consciousness and 
behavior 
o emphasized individual 
differences 
o William James 
o Influenced the 
educational system
Structuralism vs. Functionalism 
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SW6nm69Z_IE
PSYCHOLOGY DEVELOPED OVER TIME 
• William James – Functionalism (observation and 
introspection – What are the purposes of behavior 
and mental processes?) 
• John B. Watson – Behaviorism (scientific study of 
observable behavior) 
• B.F. Skinner – Reinforcement (influences behaviors)
Gestalt Psychology 
• learning is active and purposeful 
• Problem solving is accomplished by insight, 
not mechanical repetition.
Sigmund Freud 
• Psychoanalysis 
• (unconscious motives and internal conflicts) 
• Freudian slip
Freudian slip 
(in Freudian psychology) an accidental mistake 
in speech or writing that is thought to reveal a 
person's unconscious motives, wishes, or 
attitudes.
History of psy

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History of psy

  • 1. A History of Psychology
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  • 6. The Hippocratic Oath is an oath historically taken by physicians, physician assistants and other healthcare professionals swearing to practice medicine ethically and honestly.
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  • 8. Particularly in Europe during the Middle Ages, beatings were administered to the mentally ill who acted out as punishment for the disturbances their behavior caused and as a means of “teaching” individuals out of their illnesses.
  • 9. The Middle Ages & Mental Illness Causes of mental illness included: ■Supernatural causes such as demons and demonic possession. ■Witchcraft and sorcery. ■Mass hysteria. ■Melancholy and stress. Treatments for mental illness included: ■Exorcism. ■Shaving the pattern of a cross in the head-hair. ■Believe that those suffering from mental illness could benefit from hearing mass. ■Drinking ice-cold water.
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  • 11. Structuralism Functionalism  first school of psychology  breaking down mental processes  Wilhelm Wundt  too concerned with internal behavior (cant observe)
  • 12. Structuralism Functionalism o focused on the purpose of consciousness and behavior o emphasized individual differences o William James o Influenced the educational system
  • 13. Structuralism Functionalism  first school of psychology  breaking down mental processes  Wilhelm Wundt  too concerned with internal behavior (cant observe) o focused on the purpose of consciousness and behavior o emphasized individual differences o William James o Influenced the educational system
  • 14. Structuralism vs. Functionalism https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SW6nm69Z_IE
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  • 17. PSYCHOLOGY DEVELOPED OVER TIME • William James – Functionalism (observation and introspection – What are the purposes of behavior and mental processes?) • John B. Watson – Behaviorism (scientific study of observable behavior) • B.F. Skinner – Reinforcement (influences behaviors)
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  • 21. Gestalt Psychology • learning is active and purposeful • Problem solving is accomplished by insight, not mechanical repetition.
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  • 23. Sigmund Freud • Psychoanalysis • (unconscious motives and internal conflicts) • Freudian slip
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  • 25. Freudian slip (in Freudian psychology) an accidental mistake in speech or writing that is thought to reveal a person's unconscious motives, wishes, or attitudes.