Anterior compartment of cubital fossa and arm medicos notes.com
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The anterior compartment of the arm contains muscles including the coracobrachialis and biceps brachii. The biceps acts as both a powerful elbow flexor and forearm supinator. When the elbow is flexed, the biceps aids in supination; when extended, supination is done by the supinator muscle. Structures passing through include the brachial artery and median, ulnar, and musculocutaneous nerves. The cubital fossa is bounded by the humerus, ulna, and brachialis fascia and contains the brachial artery and veins, as well as lymph nodes that drain the hand and forearm.
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Cbl cubital fossa, forearm and hand
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Slideshow: Humerus
Slideshow: Humerus
The Funky Professor videos can viewed here:
http://publishing.rcseng.ac.uk/journal/video?videoTaxonomy=FUNK
Anatomy of Cubital fossa
The cubital fossa is located on the anterior surface of the elbow. It is bordered laterally by the brachioradialis muscle, medially by the pronator teres muscle, and its floor is formed mainly by the brachialis muscle. The brachial artery, median nerve, and biceps brachii tendon pass through the cubital fossa from lateral to medial. The radial nerve divides into superficial and deep branches as it passes through the cubital fossa, while the ulnar nerve passes behind the medial epicondyle. Structures passing through or adjacent to the cubital fossa include the median cubital vein and cutaneous nerves of the forearm.
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- 1. ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT OF ARM & CUBITAL FOSSA FASCIAL COMPARTMENTS OF THE UPPER ARM
- 2. CONTENTS OF ANTERIOR FASCIAL COMPARTMENT • Muscles • Blood vessels • Nerves • Structures passing through the compartment
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- 5. THE BICEPS BRACHII • The biceps functions primarily as strong supinator of the forearm. This action, which is aided by the supinator muscle, requires the elbow to be at least partially flexed. • The biceps also functions as an powerful flexor of elbow joint, particularly when the forearm is supinated. Functionally, this action is performed when lifting an object, such as a bag of groceries or when performing a biceps curl. • Both these movements are used when opening a bottle with a corkscrew: first biceps unscrews the cork (supination), then it pulls the cork out (flexion). • If the elbow joint is fully extended, supination is then primarily carried out by the supinator muscle. • Weak flexor of shoulder joint.
- 6. Cont…. • When the forearm is in pronation, the brachialis, brachioradialis, and supinator function to flex the forearm, with minimal contribution from the biceps brachii. Flexed arm in the pronated position (left); with the biceps partially contracted and in a supinated position with the biceps more fully contracted, approaching minimum length (right.)
- 7. Cont…. • The brachialis muscle is innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve, which runs on its superficial surface, between it and the biceps brachii. • Part of it is also innervated by the radial nerve (proprioceptive branch). • Action: Most powerful flexor at elbow joint
- 8. Cont…. • The coracobrachialis draws the humerus forward (shoulder flexion) and towards the torso (shoulder adduction).
- 9. STRUCTURES PASSING THROUGH ANTERIOR FACIAL COMPARTMENT BRACHIAL ARTERY -2 Muscular branches-1 3- -4 -5
- 10. RELATIONS OF BRACHIAL ARTERY Anteriorly: Superficial in the upper part, overlapped laterally by coracobrachialis and biceps. • Upper part; Medial cutaneous nerve of forearm • Middle part; Median nerve • Lower part; bicipital aponeurosis Posteriorly: Triceps, coracobrachialis, brachialis ` Laterally: Upper part: Median nerve, coracobrachialis and biceps. Lower part: tendon of biceps Medially: Upper part: ulnar nerve, basilic vein Lower part: Median nerve
- 11. NERVES OF THE ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT
- 12. MUSCULOCUTANEOUS NERVE Origin Course in arm Branches: 1. Muscular 2. Cutaneous 3. Articular
- 13. MEDIAN NERVE Origin Course: Branches: Vasomotor branches to brachial artery
- 14. ULNAR NERVE Origin Course in arm: pierces the medial intermuscular septum and passes behind the medial epicondyle Branches: None
- 15. RADIAL NERVE Origin Course: in posterior the compartment of arm and enters the anterior compartment just above the lateral epicondyle by piercing the lateral intermuscular septum Branches: 1. Muscular 2. Articular branches to elbow joint
- 17. FLOOR OF CUBITAL FOSSA
- 18. ROOF OF CUBITAL FOSSA
- 19. CONTENTS OF CUBITAL FOSSA
- 20. SUPRATROCHLEAR LYMPH NODES • One or two supratrochlear lymph nodes lie in superficial fascia over the upper part of fascia. • Are placed above the medial epicondyle of humerus, medial to the basilic vein. • Their afferents drain the middle, ring, and little fingers, the medial portion of the hand, and the medial side of the forearm. • Their efferents enter the lateral axillary lymph nodes
- 21. CLINICAL CORRELATES • During blood pressure measurements, the stethoscope is placed over the brachial artery in the cubital fossa. • The brachial pulse may be palpated in the cubital fossa also just medial to the tendon.
- 22. Cont… • The area just superficial to the cubital fossa is often used for obtaining intravenous access for the purpose of intravenous therapy or for blood sampling.