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Hand
The document describes the anatomy of the palm and hand. It discusses the skin and fascia of the palm, including the palmaris brevis muscle and palmar aponeurosis. It also describes the flexor retinaculum, fibrous flexor sheath, and synovial sheaths. The intrinsic muscles of the hand are outlined including the thenar, hypothenar, interossei, and lumbricals. The nerves, blood vessels, and spaces of the hand are summarized. Common clinical conditions like carpal tunnel syndrome, Dupuytren's contracture, and trigger finger are also mentioned.
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Hand
- 1. Palm • Skin • superficialfascia- Palmaris brevis • Deep fascia Flexor retinaculum Palmar aponeurosis fibrous flexor sheath • Synovial sheaths of long flexor tendon Ulnar bursa Radial bursa Digital synovial sheath vincula longa & brevia • Intrinsic muscles- • Thenar • Hypothenar • Lumbricals • Interossei • Arteries of hand • Superficial palmar arch • Deep palmar arch • Nerves • Fascial spaces of hand • Pulp spaces of digits
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- 3. PALMARIS BREVIS SUPERFICIAL FASCIAOF PALM SUPERFICIAL TRANSVERSE METATARSAL LIGAMENT
- 4. DEEP FASCIA OFPALM
- 5. Flexor retinaculum • Attachment •Relations • Applied-carpal tunnel syndrome
- 6. Attachments of FlexorRetinaculum
- 7. Relations of FlexorRetinaculum
- 8. CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME Cause •Tenosynovitis of flexor tendons • Myxedema • Retention of fluid in pregnancy • Fracture dislocation of lunate • osteoarthritis Features Sensory • feeling of burning pain in lateral three and half digits especially at night Motor • weakness of thenar muscles • ape thumb deformity • Positive Tinel’s sign and Phalen;s test
- 10. PALMAR APONEUROSIS • Features-apex, base, medial and lateral border • Function- improves grip and protects tendons, nerves & blood vessels • Applied- Dupuytren’s contracture
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- 15. SYNOVIAL SHEATH OFLONG FLEXOR TENDONS • Ulnar bursa • Radial bursa • Digital synovial sheath • Functions
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- 17. INTRINSIC MUSCLES OFPALM 1. PALMAR INTEROSSEI 2. DORSAL INTEROSSEI 3. LUMBRICALS 4.THENAR MUSCLES- • Abductor pollicis brevis • Flexor pollicis brevis • Opponens pollicis • Adductor pollicis 5.HYPOTHENAR MUSCLES- • Abductor digiti minimi • Flexor digiti minimi • Opponens digiti minimi • Palmaris brevis
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- 21. INSERTION OF LUMBRICALAND INTEROSSEI
- 22. THENAR MUSCLES- ADDUCTORPOLLICIS
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- 26. THENAR MUSCLES- • Abductorpollicis brevis • flexor pollicis brevis • opponens pollicis HYPOTHENAR MUSCLES- • Abductor digiti minimi • Flexor digiti minimi • Opponens digiti minimi • Palmaris brevis
- 27. NERVES AND BLOODVESSELS OF FOREARM AND HAND
- 28. NERVES • ULNAR • MEDIAN (antinterosseous) • RADIAL (post interosseous) ARTERY • BRACHIAL • ULNAR (Ant & post interosseous) • RADIAL
- 29. MEDIAN NERVE (5) MUSCULARBRANCH • ABDUCTOR POLLICIS BREVIS • FLEXOR POLLICIS BREVIS • OPPONENS POLLICS • 1 &2 LUMBRICALS CUTANEOUS BRANCH • 3- PROPER PALMAR DIGITAL NERVE • 2- COMMON DIGITAL NERVE ULNAR NERVE (15) MUSCULAR BRANCH • ADDUCTOR POLLICS • HYPOTHENAR MUSCLES • 3 & 4 LUMBRICALS • INTEROSSEI CUTANEOUS BRANCH • 1- PROPER PALMAR DIGITAL NERVE • 1- COMMON DIGITAL NERVE NERVES IN HAND
- 30. NERVES AND BLOODVESSELS IN FOREARM
- 31. ULNAR • Muscular • Ant& post ulnar collateral • Common interosseous • Ulnar carpal • Terminal RADIAL • Muscular • Radial recurrent • Palmar carpal • Superficial palmar branch BLOOD VESSELS IN FOREARM
- 32. BLOOD VESSELS INHAND
- 33. PALMAR ARCHES INHAND • Superficial • Common digital • Proper digital • Cutaneous • Deep • Palmar metacarpal • Perforating • Recurrent
- 34. DORSUM OF HAND Skin Superficialfascia Deep fascia Extensor tendons of hand Dorsal digital expansion Anatomical snuff box Arteries Nerves
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- 40. EXTENSOR TENDONS OFDORSUM OF HAND
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- 45. SENSORY SUPPLY OFBACK OF UPPER LIMB-RADIAL NERVE
- 46. SPACES OF HAND A.PALMAR SPACES • Midpalmar • Thenar • Pulp B. DORSAL SPACES • Dorsal subcutaneous • Dorsal subaponeurotic C. SPACE OF PARONA
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- 54. HAND MEDIAN NERVE(5) MUSCULAR BRANCH • ABDUCTOR POLLICIS BREVIS • FLEXOR POLLICIS BREVIS • OPPONENS POLLICS • 1 &2 LUMBRICALS CUTANEOUS BRANCH • 3- PROPER PALMAR DIGITAL NERVE • 2- COMMON DIGITAL NERVE
- 57. ULNAR NERVE (15) MUSCULARBRANCH • ADDUCTOR POLLICIS • HYPOTHENAR MUSCLES • 3 & 4 LUMBRICALS • INTEROSSEI CUTANEOUS BRANCH • 1- PROPER PALMAR DIGITAL NERVE • 1- COMMON DIGITAL NERVE