An Introduction to the Mixing Console
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The document discusses the basic principles of mixing consoles, including their typical sections and configurations. It describes the two main types of consoles: split consoles, which separate the input and monitor paths, and in-line consoles, which include both paths on the same channel strip. It also outlines the basic signal flow through a mixing console, from the input gain and routing, through equalization, auxiliary sends, panning, and solo/mute, to the output buses, group sends, recording outputs, and monitor outputs.
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An Introduction to the Mixing Console
- 1. An Introduction to the Mixing Console stuart.jones3@southwales.ac.u k www.stuartjones.org Basic Principles
- 2. Agenda 1. Introduction 2. Basic Principles 3. Signal Flow
- 3. Introduction
- 4. Obviously without knowledge of the mixing console.......... Introduction
- 5. We are going to run into problems Introduction
- 7. Basic Principles Studio Layout Live Room Monitors Headphones Microphones D.I. Boxes Tie Lines Control Room Monitors Tie Lines Mixing Console Outboard Recording Two Track Mixing Console Connections Mic Inputs Line Inputs Tape Sends or Group Outputs Tape Returns or Monitor Inputs Microphones Keyboards and other line level sources Multitrack Recording Headphone Amp Effects Dynamic Processing Power Amplifier Pre fade Auxiliary Output Post Fade Auxiliary Sends Stereo Auxiliary Returns Insert Returns Insert Sends Monitor Outputs 2 Track Returns Monitor Outputs
- 8. Basic Principles Studio Layout Live Room Monitors Headphones Microphones D.I. Boxes Tie Lines Control Room Monitors Tie Lines Mixing Console Outboard Recording Two Track Mixing Console Connections Mic Inputs Line Inputs Tape Sends or Group Outputs Tape Returns or Monitor Inputs Microphones Keyboards and other line level sources Multitrack Recording Headphone Amp Effects Dynamic Processing Power Amplifier Pre fade Auxiliary Output Post Fade Auxiliary Sends Stereo Auxiliary Returns Insert Returns Insert Sends Monitor Outputs 2 Track Returns Monitor Outputs
- 9. Basic Principles Studio Layout Live Room Monitors Headphones Microphones D.I. Boxes Tie Lines Control Room Monitors Tie Lines Mixing Console Outboard Recording Two Track Mixing Console Connections Mic Inputs Line Inputs Tape Sends or Group Outputs Tape Returns or Monitor Inputs Microphones Keyboards and other line level sources Multitrack Recording Headphone Amp Effects Dynamic Processing Power Amplifier Pre fade Auxiliary Output Post Fade Auxiliary Sends Stereo Auxiliary Returns Insert Returns Insert Sends Monitor Outputs 2 Track Returns Monitor Outputs
- 10. Basic Principles Studio Layout Live Room Monitors Headphones Microphones D.I. Boxes Tie Lines Control Room Monitors Tie Lines Mixing Console Outboard Recording Two Track Mixing Console Connections Mic Inputs Line Inputs Tape Sends or Group Outputs Tape Returns or Monitor Inputs Microphones Keyboards and other line level sources Multitrack Recording Headphone Amp Effects Dynamic Processing Power Amplifier Pre fade Auxiliary Output Post Fade Auxiliary Sends Stereo Auxiliary Returns Insert Returns Insert Sends Monitor Outputs 2 Track Returns Monitor Outputs
- 11. Basic Principles Studio Layout Live Room Monitors Headphones Microphones D.I. Boxes Tie Lines Control Room Monitors Tie Lines Mixing Console Outboard Recording Two Track Mixing Console Connections Mic Inputs Line Inputs Tape Sends or Group Outputs Tape Returns or Monitor Inputs Microphones Keyboards and other line level sources Multitrack Recording Headphone Amp Effects Dynamic Processing Power Amplifier Pre fade Auxiliary Output Post Fade Auxiliary Sends Stereo Auxiliary Returns Insert Returns Insert Sends Monitor Outputs 2 Track Returns Monitor Outputs
- 12. Basic Principles Studio Layout Live Room Monitors Headphones Microphones D.I. Boxes Tie Lines Control Room Monitors Tie Lines Mixing Console Outboard Recording Two Track Mixing Console Connections Mic Inputs Line Inputs Tape Sends or Group Outputs Tape Returns or Monitor Inputs Microphones Keyboards and other line level sources Multitrack Recording Headphone Amp Effects Dynamic Processing Power Amplifier Pre fade Auxiliary Output Post Fade Auxiliary Sends Stereo Auxiliary Returns Insert Returns Insert Sends Monitor Outputs 2 Track Returns Monitor Outputs
- 13. Basic Principles Studio Layout Live Room Monitors Headphones Microphones D.I. Boxes Tie Lines Control Room Monitors Tie Lines Mixing Console Outboard Recording Two Track Mixing Console Connections Mic Inputs Line Inputs Tape Sends or Group Outputs Tape Returns or Monitor Inputs Microphones Keyboards and other line level sources Multitrack Recording Headphone Amp Effects Dynamic Processing Power Amplifier Pre fade Auxiliary Output Post Fade Auxiliary Sends Stereo Auxiliary Returns Insert Returns Insert Sends Monitor Outputs 2 Track Returns Monitor Outputs
- 14. Basic Principles Studio Layout Live Room Monitors Headphones Microphones D.I. Boxes Tie Lines Control Room Monitors Tie Lines Mixing Console Outboard Recording Two Track Mixing Console Connections Mic Inputs Line Inputs Tape Sends or Group Outputs Tape Returns or Monitor Inputs Microphones Keyboards and other line level sources Multitrack Recording Headphone Amp Effects Dynamic Processing Power Amplifier Pre fade Auxiliary Output Post Fade Auxiliary Sends Stereo Auxiliary Returns Insert Returns Insert Sends Monitor Outputs 2 Track Returns Monitor Outputs
- 15. Basic Principles Studio Layout Live Room Monitors Headphones Microphones D.I. Boxes Tie Lines Control Room Monitors Tie Lines Mixing Console Outboard Recording Two Track Mixing Console Connections Mic Inputs Line Inputs Tape Sends or Group Outputs Tape Returns or Monitor Inputs Microphones Keyboards and other line level sources Multitrack Recording Headphone Amp Effects Dynamic Processing Power Amplifier Pre fade Auxiliary Output Post Fade Auxiliary Sends Stereo Auxiliary Returns Insert Returns Insert Sends Monitor Outputs 2 Track Returns Monitor Outputs
- 16. The Mixing Console has 3 sections: • Input Section – Mic/Line Input • Monitor Section – Recorded Input • Master Section – Main Control Basic Principles
- 17. There are two basic studio mixing desk configurations: 1.Split Consoles - The input path (channel path) is separate from the monitor path (tape return path). 2.In Line Consoles - The input path and the monitor path are both included on the same physical strip. Basic Principles
- 18. Basic PrinciplesSplit Consoles Input Section Monitor SectionMaster Section Multitrack Recorder In Out { { { Mic/Line Input
- 19. Basic PrinciplesIn Line Consoles Channel Fader Master Section Tape Return Path Multitrack Recorder In Out Input Section { Mic/Line Input Input Section { Mic/Line Input
- 20. Basic PrinciplesIn Line Consoles Multitrack Recorder Mic Line Gain In Out Mixing Desk Channel Strip Channel Path Monitor Path Channel path and monitor path are on the same physical channel strip
- 21. Often, a mixing console will take it’s name from it’s configuration. For example: 12:2 Inputs Outputs The format becomes a little more involved when it comes to dedicated recording mixers. For example: 32 : 8 : 32 : 2 Inputs Groups Monitor Channels Outputs Functional Description Basic Principles
- 22. Audient ASP8024 Inputs Routing to tape Basic Principles
- 23. Signal Flow
- 24. L -R 1 -2 Signal FlowMic Line Gain EQ Aux Routing Pan Solo Mute Amp Speakers Left Bus Right Bus L-R Master Faders Multitrack Recorder 1 2 Ins 1 2 Outs 1 2 Monitors 1 2 Group Faders Bus 1 Bus 2
- 25. L -R 1 -2 Signal FlowMic Line Gain EQ Aux Routing Pan Solo Mute Amp Speakers Left Bus Right Bus L-R Master Faders Multitrack Recorder 1 2 Ins 1 2 Outs 1 2 Monitors 1 2 Group Faders Bus 1 Bus 2 Input
- 26. L -R 1 -2 Signal FlowMic Line Gain EQ Aux Routing Pan Solo Mute Amp Speakers Left Bus Right Bus L-R Master Faders Multitrack Recorder 1 2 Ins 1 2 Outs 1 2 Monitors 1 2 Group Faders Bus 1 Bus 2 Routing
- 27. L -R 1 -2 Signal FlowMic Line Gain EQ Aux Routing Pan Solo Mute Amp Speakers Left Bus Right Bus L-R Master Faders Multitrack Recorder 1 2 Ins 1 2 Outs 1 2 Monitors 1 2 Group Faders Bus 1 Bus 2 Bus
- 28. L -R 1 -2 Signal FlowMic Line Gain EQ Aux Routing Pan Solo Mute Amp Speakers Left Bus Right Bus L-R Master Faders Multitrack Recorder 1 2 Ins 1 2 Outs 1 2 Monitors 1 2 Group Faders Bus 1 Bus 2 Group or Tape Sends
- 29. L -R 1 -2 Signal FlowMic Line Gain EQ Aux Routing Pan Solo Mute Amp Speakers Left Bus Right Bus L-R Master Faders Multitrack Recorder 1 2 Ins 1 2 Outs 1 2 Monitors 1 2 Group Faders Bus 1 Bus 2 Tape
- 30. L -R 1 -2 Signal FlowMic Line Gain EQ Aux Routing Pan Solo Mute Amp Speakers Left Bus Right Bus L-R Master Faders Multitrack Recorder 1 2 Ins 1 2 Outs 1 2 Monitors 1 2 Group Faders Bus 1 Bus 2 Monitor
- 31. L -R 1 -2 Signal FlowMic Line Gain EQ Aux Routing Pan Solo Mute Amp Speakers Left Bus Right Bus L-R Master Faders Multitrack Recorder 1 2 Ins 1 2 Outs 1 2 Monitors 1 2 Group Faders Bus 1 Bus 2
- 32. L -R 1 -2 Signal FlowMic Line Gain EQ Aux Routing Pan Solo Mute Amp Speakers Left Bus Right Bus L-R Master Faders Multitrack Recorder 1 2 Ins 1 2 Outs 1 2 Monitors 1 2 Group Faders Bus 1 Bus 2
- 33. Audient Studio Basic Signal Flow and Foldback Set Up Mic Line Gain Routing Mix Amp Speakers L-R Master Faders Multitrack Recorder Ins Outs Short Fader 1-24 Long Fader 1. Input - Signals from live room will always be a mic input. Does the microphone need phantom power? If so, cut channel before turning on phantom power. Adjust gain accordingly. 2. Routing - Where do you want the signal to go? It is advisable to work in line (e.g. route channel 1 on desk to channel 1 on recording device). 3. Short Fader - This sends a level to your recording device. Set to 0dB on desk. Do not put this fader into the mix. 4. Input Monitor - Engage recording track on your recording device. You should now see your signal metering. 5. Long Fader - Put this into the mix. Check signal to noise ratio. 6. Master Section - Adjust the master faders and main monitor volume accordingly. Aux A Foldback Aux A Master Foldback A L R Aux A Master Section Patchbay L R Foldback A 41 42 Live Room Returns
- 34. Signal Flow Summary Input Routing Bus Group or Tape Sends Tape Monitor
- 35. An Introduction to the Mixing Console © stuart jones, 2013 stuart.jones3@southwales.ac.u k www.stuartjones.org Basic Principles
Editor's Notes
- Obviously without knowledge of the mixing console..........
- We are going to run into problems
- I’m Ready Baby Get The Marmite