Aksharica (अक्षरिका) is a Nepali Language Newsletter. Aksharica is made with a combination of two words “Akshar” and “America”. Akshar means “letter” in Nepali, thus goal of the Aksharica is to educate, inform, inspire, and empower the Nepali speaking community (Bhutanese and Nepalese) residing in America. Rajesh Koirala is working as an editor since it started on August 2010. This is 73rd issue, published on July, 2015.

1. @)!% h'nfO{
jif{ % c+s &#
d]/f] gfd ejfgL b+ufn xf] . d
e"6fgsf] nnfO{ eGg] 7fpFdf
hGd]sf] x'F . c? e"6fgL h:t}
xfd|f] kl/jf/ e"6fgaf6
nv]l6Psf] xf] . xfdL ef/t x'Fb}
g]kfn cfPsf xf}+ . d g]kfndf
o; c+sdf s] s] <
(What is inside ?)
à d ejfgL, d e/f];f==================!
(I am Bhawani, I am help )
à gful/s k|Zg–pQ/ ((==============#
(Civic Test - Q/A no. 99)
à rd{ -Tjrf_ k|0ffnLsf c+u=======$
(Organs of urinary system)
à rNtLsf c+u|]hL zAb $!=========$
(Most common Eng. words 41)
x's]{sf] x'F .
d]/f] syf c?sf] eGbf leGg
5 . d sfg ;'lGbgF . d (
jif{sf] ePkl5 sfg ;'Gg
5f8]sf] x'F . To;cl3 d l7s}
lyPF . ;'Gy]+ .
d ejfgLM d e/f];f
Go' ÅofD;/sf] s+s8{ afl;Gbf d ejfgL cfˆgL >Ldlt / 5f]/f;Fu
;f+s]lts efiff l;s]+
g]kfnsf] uf]nwfk z/0ffyL{
lzlj/df a:bf d}n] alx/f
tyf >j0f zlSt gePsf
JolQmx?sf] /fli6«o ;+:yf
(The National Association of
the Deaf & Hard of Hearing;
NADH) dfkm{t g]kfnL
;f+s]lts efiff l;s]sf] x'F .
lzlj/df ;]e b lrN8«]g–o's]
(SC-UK) tyf sfl/tf; g]kfn
(CARITAS Nepal) sf]
;xof]un] ubf{ d}n] ;f] efiff
l;Sg] cj;/ kfPsf] lyPF .
d}n] xfd|f] lzlj/leq /x]sf
alx/f, ;':t >j0f tyf cGo
ckfË JolQmsf nflu sfd u/]+ .
d}n] # jif{;Dd z/0ffyL{
lzlj/df ckfË sfo{qmd
s]Gb|df /x]/ ;f+s]lts efiff
l;sfpg'sf ;fy} ckf+utf
;+:yfdf ;xfos -Pl;:6]G;_
kbdf /x]/ sfd u/]+ . d}n]
g]kfnd} sIff !@ ;Dd k9]+ .
clg d cd]l/sf cfPF
;g @)!! cS6f]a/ dlxgfdf
d cd]l/sf cfPsf]
x'F . oxfF klg l;Sg] sfd
/f]lsg .
d Go' XofD;/sf] s+s8{ cfPF,
d}n] gofF hLjgdf ;kmntf xft
kfg{ PP;Pn l;Sg cfjZos
5 eGg] dx;'; u/]+ . d}n]
JuliaFreeman-Woolpert

2. @
@)!%h'nfO{,jif{%c+s&#
gy{O:6 8]km PG8 xf8{ ckm
x]ol/ª ;le{;]; (Northeast
Deaf & Hard of Hearing
Services; NDHHS) tyf alx/f
:jo+;]jsaf6 cd]l/sL ;f+s]lts
efiff l;s] .
g]kfnL ;f+s]lts efiffnfO{
PgP;Pn (NSL) elgG5 eg]
cd]l/sLnfO{ cd]l/sL ;f+s]lts
efiff, PP;Pn (American Sign
Language; ASL)
elgG5 . PgP;Pn / PP;Pn
w]/} km/s 5g, PgP;Pnsf]
e"6fgL z/0ffyL{afx]s Psbd}
yf]/} k|of]ustf{ 5g .
o;f] egf}+ g g]kfnL–
efifLn] g]kfnL ;f+s]lts efiff,
PgP;Pndf dnfO{ ;+s]t
ug'{x'G5 / d c+u|]hL–efifLnfO{
cd]l/sL ;f+s]lts efiff,
PP;Pndf ;+s]t u5'{ .
oxfF d}n] z/0ffyL{ lzlj/–
af6 cfPsf xfdLh:tf cGo
;b:onfO{ pSt efiff l;sfPF .
c?nfO{ l;sfpg t z'¿df
cln ufx|f] eof] . t/ l;sfpFb}
hfFbf ;lhnf] x'Fb} uof] .
;f+s]lts u'? / bf]efif]
xfn d ;f+s]lts efiffsf]
bf]efif] 5' . ;fy} cd]l/sL
;f+s]lts efiff l;sfpF5' .
d s+s8{ / Dofgr]:6/df
;f+s]lts efiff l;sfpF5' . cGo
;dodf xfd|f] /fHosf alx/f
tyf ;':t–>j0f ePsfnfO{
k/]sf] sfddf d2t u5{' .
d cd]l/sf cfPsf xfd|f] b]z
jf cGo b]zaf6 cfPsf cfkm"
h:tf sfg g;'Gg]nfO{ ;xof]u
ug{ rfxG5' .
d]/f cfgf s'/f
d]/f] kl/jf/ oxfF 7"nf] 5 .
t/ xfdL ;/sf/L 3/df
a;]sfn] 5'§f5'§} a;]sf 5f}+ .
klxnf g]kfndf Ps} kl/jf/
lyof] . clxn] rfxL+ xfdL rf/
hgf, h;df b'O{ 5f]/f, Pp6f &
jif{sf] / csf]{ @) dlxgfsf] /
>Ldlt u/L $ hgf 5f}+ .
d #) jif{sf] ePF .
d g]kfnL, c+u|]hL n]Vg tyf
g]kfnL af]Ng ;S5' .
dnfO{ xfd|f] k/Dk/f
wd{cg';f/ dgfpFb} cfPsf] bz}+
/ ltxf/ dg k5{ .
cGTodf wGojfb
cd]l/sfdf o'cf/ ef]s];gn
l/xflan];g tyf gy{O:6 8]km
PG8 xf8{ ckm x]ol/ª ;le{;];n]
;xof]u u¥of] . d oL ;+:yf–
afx]s e"6lgh sDo'lg6L ckm
Go' XofD;/ (Bhutanese Com-
munity of New Hampshire;
BCNH), l8;Plaln6L /fO6;
;]G6/ (Disability Rights
Center; DRC) / u|]gfO6 :6]6
OlG8k]G8]G6 lnleª (Granite
State Independent Living;
GSIL) nfO{ wGojfb lbg
rfxG5' .
Go' ÅofD;/sf] s+s8{af6 k|sflzt x'g] ‘b s+s8{ Og;fO8/’ sf] ;g @)!% dfr{ c+sdf k|sflztM ;aeGbf w]/}
cfsif{s JolStx¿dWo] Ps / ;g @)!% clk|n–h"gdf Dofgr]:6/df ePsf] bf]efif] tflnddf .
Ω Ω
g]kfnL–efifLn] g]kfnL
;f+s]lts efiff, PgP;Pndf
dnfO{ ;+s]t ug'{x'G5 / clg
d c+u|]hL–efifLnfO{ cd]l/sL
;f+s]lts efiff, PP;Pndf
;+s]t u5'{ . o;/L d]/f]
bf]efifsf] sfd x'G5 .
PgP;Pn / PP;Pn w]/}
km/s 5g .
Ω Ω
RajeshKoirala

3. #@)!%h'nfO{,jif{%c+s&#
h'nfO{ $ M ;+o'St /fHo cd]l/sfsf] :jtGqtf lbj;
gful/s k/LIff (Civic Test)
sf] lstfasf] k|Zg gDa/ ((
/ pQ/M
à xfdL slxn] :jtGqtf lbj;
dgfpF5f}+ < (When do we cel-
ebrate Independence Day?)
– h'nfO{ $ (July 4) .
• •
cd]l/sfsf] :jtGqtf lbj;
h'nfO{ $ df k5{ . oxL lbg
cd]l/sfsf] hGd ePsf]
xf] . :jtGqtf lbj;sf] lbg
;+3Lo -;fj{hlgs_ labf xf] .
:jtGqtf lbj;nfO{ kmf]y{ ckm
h'nfO{ (Fourth of July) jf
h'nfO{ kmf]y{ klg elgG5 . ;g
!&&^ h'nfO{ $ df a]nfot–
af6 cd]l/sf :jtGq ePsf]
;+:d/0fdf of] lbj; dgfOG5 .
o; lbg ljleGg sfo{qmd
ul/G5g . o;nfO{ /fli6«o
kj{sf ?kdf dgfOG5 . k6fsf
k6sfpg], lem/lem/] afNg],
sjfh ug]{, v'nf 7fpFdf
cd]l/sL em08f kmx/fpg], df;'
kf]nL vfg], d]nf–pT;j
ug]{, jgef]h hfg], ;+uLt
sfo{qmd cflb ul/G5 .
sl/a @%) jif{cl3
cd]l/sfdf a]nfotL zf;g
lyof] . a]nfotL sfg'g
lje]bk"0f{ lyof] . o:t} Jojxf/n]
cd]l/sLnfO{ a]nfotL zf;g
dgk/]sf] lyPg . olx
qmddf ;g !&&$ df hlh{of
(Georgia) afx]s !# dWo] !@
pklgj]zsf k|ltlglw
k]G;neflgof (Pennsylvania)
sf] lkmnf8]lNkmof (Philadel-
phia) df e]nf eP . oL
pklgj]z a]nfotlj?4 n8g
rfxGy] . a]nfotlj?4 o'4 z'?
eof] . ;g !&&% df s+u|];
(Congress) a:bf o'4
eO/x]sf] lyof] . s+u|];n] yf]d;
h]km/;g (Thomas Jefferson)
/ cGo lj4fgnfO{ …:jtGqtfsf]
3f]if0ff–kqÚ (Declaration
of Independence) tof/ ug]{
lhDd]jf/L lbof] .
3f]if0ff–kq tof/ ePkl5
hf]g P8D; (John Adams),
a]Ghfldg k|moflªng (Benja-
min Franklin) ;lxtsf]
;ldltnfO{ d"Nofªsg ug{
lbOof] . pQm ;ldltn]
3f]if0ff–kqdf s]xL ;+zf]wg
u¥of] . o;nfO{ s+u|];df k9]/
;'gfOof] . tL pklgj]zn] ;g
!&&^ h'nfO{ $ df pQm
3f]if0ff u|x0f u/] .
P8D;n] :jtGqtfsf]
3f]if0ff–kqdf x:tfIf/ u/]kl5
cfˆgL >LdltnfO{ o:tf]
n]Vg'eof], …dnfO{ nfU5
cfpFbf] k':tfn] o;nfO{ Pp6f
a[xt jflif{sf]T;jsf ¿kdf
dgfpg]5g .…
h]km/;gn] pSt …3f]if0ff–kqÚ
df lsg pklgj]zn] a]nfotL
zf;g rfx]gg / leGg x'g
rfx] JofVof ug{'ePsf] 5 .

4. Gyan Jyoti Kendra, 49 Lane Road, Chichester, NH 03258, Email : aksharica.communication@gmail.com, URL : http://gyanjyotikendra.org/,
Editor : Rajesh Koirala, Co-ordinator : Tara Acharya, Managing Director : Sattan Acharya
$
@)!%h'nfO{,jif{%c+s&#
la6 dfbf{dfb}{
km/s JolStut cg'ej
of] jif{sf] clk|nb]lv h"g
dlxgfsf d+unaf/ / laxLaf/
km/s cg'ejsf ;fy lat] .
Go' XofD;/sf] Dofgr]:6/df
bf]efif] tflnd lyof] . xfdL
5 hgf g]kfnL–efifLdWo]
ejfgL km/s tl/sfn] l;Sb}
x'g'x'GYof] . pxfFsf nflu
c+u|]hL ;f+s]lts efiffsf bf]efif]
;w}+ vl6Gy] . Go' XofD;/sf
;f+s]lts efiffdf ;+jfb
ug]{x¿sf nflu bf]efif]sf]
uhf]{ 6fg]{ cfzfdf ejfgL
tflnddf x'g'x'GYof] .
ejfgL;Fu tflnddf a:g
kfpFbf d}n] cfkm"nfO{ 7"nf]
efUodfgL 7fg]+ . d}n] ;dfhsf]
7"nf] ;xof]uL b]v]+ . Pp6f
rlDsnf] tf/f b]v]+ . Pp6f ejfgL
b]v]+, Pp6f e/kbf]{ e/f];f b]v]+ .
wGojfb
c+u|]hL zAb ;"rL 41
c+u|]hLdf ;fwf/0f af]nrfn ug{ rflxg] sl/a # xhf/ zAbdWo]af6 Psrfln;f}+ ;"rL -efu $!_
• coal :
lqmof– sf]Onf Nofpg', afn]/
cFuf/ agfpg', hxfhdf sf]Onf
xfNg', sf]Onf pknAw ug'{ .
gfd– sf]Onf, vlgh sf]Onf,
cFuf/ .
• coalition :
gfd– u7aGwg, ;xldng,
;lDdng, ;ª36g, ldnh'n .
• coast :
gfd– lsgf/f, t6, ;d'b|t6 .
lqmof– lsgf/faf6 hxfh jf
gfp rnfpg', le/fnf]df kfpbfg
grfnL ;fOsn cf]x|fNg', t6Lo
Jofkf/ ug'{, u'?Tjfsif{0fsf
cfwf/df u'8fpg' .
• coat :
gfd– sf]6, tx, n]k, cfj/0f,
pmg, kz'sf] /f}+, e'Tnf, /+usf]
dflyNnf] tx .
lqmof– sf]6 nufpg', s'g}
rLhn] n]Kg', cfj/0f nufpg',
s'g} rLhn] 5f]Kg' .
• code :
gfd– ljwfg, ;+lxtf, d'n'sL
P]g, lgodfjnL, s'g} ;dfh jf
ju{sf] l;4fGt, ;Ddfgsf] lgod,
s"6zAb, ;+s]t lnlk,
;}lgs ;+s]tsf] k4lt, cIf/ jf
zAbk'~h h;nfO{ u'KtLsf nflu
tf/df Jojxf/ ul/G5 .
lqmof– kfN;L s'/f,
;Gb]znfO{ u'KtL -sf]8_ zAbdf
xfNg', u'Ktn]vdf xfNg', O+lut
ug'{, ;+lxtf tof/ kfg'{, ;+s]t
efiffdf n]Vg', ;+s]ta4 ug'{ .
• coffee :
gfd– slkm, slkmsf] af]6,
slkmsf] laofF .
• coin :
gfd– l;Ssf, /]rsL, 6s, d'b|f,
wft'sf] d'b|f .
lqmof– 6s 5fKg', d'b|f 5fKg',
sNkgf ug'{, l;h{gf÷/rgf
ug'{, agfpg', zAbsf] cfljisf/
ug'{ .
• cold :
ljz]if0f– 7G8f, zLtn, hf8f],
l7lx/f], lr;f], zLt, zLtfË, ?3f,
cf];, lxpFb, lg?T;fx, sfdf]
Q]hgf gePsf], gL/;, ;'/fs
Go'g ePsf], sd uGw cfpg] .
gfd– z}To, ;bL{, ?3f, cf];,
zLt, zLttf .
• coldly :
ljz]if0f– ?vf]kgn],
pbfl;gtfk"j{s .
• collapse :
gfd– ;fx; / zlQmsf] x|f; .
lqmof– n8g', crfgs v'lDrg',
:gfo'sf] jf zf/Ll/s ansf]
x|f;af6 czQm x'g', dfgl;s
zlQm u'dfpg' .
• colleague :
gfd– ;fyL, Ps} cf]xbf ;DxfNg]
Ps b'O{ jf a9L JolQmx?,
Jofkf/df ;xof]uL jf c+lzof/,
dltof/, ;Fu} sfd ug]{ JolSt .
lqmof– ;xof]u lbg', ;lDdlnt
x'g', Ps eP/ sfd ug'{ .
• collect :
lqmof– hf]g'{, hf]/hfd ug'{,
hDdf ug'{, ;Fu]Ng', Pslqt kfg'{
jf kg'{, u'6d'6ofpg', s'DNofpg',
;FufNg', ;fFRg', h'6fpg', e]nf
x'g' jf ug'{, h'6g', ;+u|x ug'{,
lgisif{ lgsfNg' .
• collection :
gfd– ;Fufnf], ;+ro, ;l~rlt,
;+sng, ;+u|x, c;'nL, p7tL,
rGbf, ;d"x, eL8 . qmdzM
lrlsT;sLo zAbx¿
rd{ -5fnf_ k|0ffnL
z/L/sf] aflx/L efu, 5fnfdf
x'g] k|0ffnLnfO{ rd{÷Tjrf
k|0ffnL (Integumentary
system ) elgG5 . o;
k|0ffnLdf /f}+, g+u, kl;gf /
s]xL afXo u|GyL x'G5g .
o;sf c+usf gfd lbOPsf] 5M
à afXoTjrf (Epidermis) .
à leqL Tjrf (Dermis) .
à af];] tGt' (Fatty Tissue) .
à /f}+ pd|g] sf]if (Follicle) .
à kl;gf u|GyL (Sweat Gland).
à t]n u|GyL (Oil Gland) .