Aksharica (अक्षरिका) is a Nepali Language Newsletter. Aksharica is made with a combination of two words “Akshar” and “America”. Akshar means “letter” in Nepali, thus goal of the Aksharica is to educate, inform, inspire, and empower the Nepali speaking community (Bhutanese and Nepalese) residing in America. Rajesh Koirala is working as an editor since it started on August 2010. This is 107th issue, published on May, 2018.

1. @)!* d]
jif{ * c+s !)&
o; c+sdf s] s] <
(What is inside ?)
à l/oncfO{8L s] xf] <==================!
(Food safety, and poisoning)
à g]kfnL l;sfpg] lstfa @=========#
(Public holidays of 2018)
à d x'FM g]a|f:sf /fHo==================‍‍‍‍‍=$
(I am the state of Nebraska)
à rNtLsf c+u|]hL zAb &@==========$
(Most common Eng. words 72)
xfdL cfˆgf] kl/ro–kq (ID;
cfO{8L_ eGgfn] uf8L xfFSg
kfpg] cg'dlt–kq -Driver’s
License; 8«fOe;{ nfO;]G;_ jf
o:t} k|sf/sf] sf8{ a'‰5f}+ .
nfO;]G; jf o:t} vfnsf]
kl/ro–kq /fHo ;/sf/n]
hf/L u5{ . b]zleq xjfO–ofqf
ubf{ ;'/Iff–gfsfx?df,
;+j]bglzn ;'/Iff–If]qdf k|j]z af“sL k[i7 @ df
ubf{ JolStsf] lrgf/Lsf nflu
k|of]udf NofOFb} cfPsf]
nfO;]G; jf To:tf]
kl/ro–kqdf cd]l/sL
;/sf/sf] cfGtl/s ;'/Iff
ljefu -dGqfno_ …xf]dNof08
;]So'l/6LÚ (Homeland security)
n] tf]s]sf] ;'/Iff–dfkb08 yKg
yflnPsf] 5 . slt /fHon]
xfdLn] cfgf] kl/ro–
kq eg]/ k|of]u ug]{ rfns
cg'dlt–kqdf ;'/Iffsf
s]xL dfkb08 ylkb}5 .
To;sf] gfd xf], l/oncfO{8L
-jf:tljs kl/ro–kq_ .
xjfO{ofqf / ;+j]bglzn ;'/Iff
:yndf of] clgjfo{ x'Fb}5 .
xjfO{ofqf, ;+j]bglzn
If]qsf nflu ca l/oncfO{8L
collageofIDsofdifferentstates

2. @
@)!*d],jif{*c+s!)&
o:tf] ;'/Iff pkfosf nflu sfd
ul/;s]sf 5g, sltn]
ul//x]sf 5g, / s'g} /fHonfO{
o:tf] k|ljlw yKgsf nflu yk
;do lbOPsf] 5 . o;/L
;'/Iff–dfkb08 ylkPsf]
kl/ro–kqnfO{ …l/oncfO{8LÚ
(RealID) gfdn] lrlgG5 .
o:tf] kl/ro–kq ;g @)@)
cS6f]a/ ! b]lv clgjfo{
x'g]5 .
s;}n] o:tf] kl/ro–kq
b]vfpg g;s] kf;kf]6{ k|of]u
ug{ ;Sg]5g . t/ cd]l/sfdf
sl/a $) k|ltzt afl;Gbf;Fu
dfq kf;kf]6{ 5 . ljb]zaf6
cd]l/sf cfpg] JolStn] cfˆgf]
b]zaf6 NofPsf] kf;kf]6{
b]vfP/ cd]l/sfleq xjfO{ofqf
ug{ ;S5g . kf;kf]6{afx]s
;+3Lo ;/sf/n] hf/L u/]sf
s]xL sf8{ klg dfGo x'G5g .
o;af/] hfGg oxfF x]g'{xf];M
https://www.tsa.gov/travel/se-
curity-screening/identification
l/on cfO{8Lsf] ;f]r
xfdLn] gful/stfsf]
k/LIff tof/L ubf{ k9g]
u/]sf] k|Zg …;g @))!
;]K6]Da/ !! df cd]l/sfdf s]
d'Vo 36gf ePsf] lyof] <Ú sf]
hjfkmdf xfdLn] eGg]
u/]sf 5f}+, …cft+ssf/Låf/f
cd]l/sfdf cfqmd0fÚ . xfdLnfO{
yfxf 5– To; lbg cn–sfobf
gfds cft+sjfbL ;+u7gsf
cft+ssf/Ln] cd]l/sL
cfsfzdf pl8/x]sf rf/ ljdfg
lgoGq0fdf lnP . b'O{ ljdfg
Go'of]s{l:yt ljZj Jofkf/
s]Gb|÷jN8{ 6«]8 ;]G6/df nu]/
7f]SsfP . o; s]Gb|sf b'j}
ejg Wj:t eP .
csf]{ elh{lgofsf]
cfln{ª6gl:yt k]G6fugdf
k'¥ofP/ v;fP . rf}yf]
k]G;neflgofdf b'3{6gfdf
k¥of] .
o; cfqmd0f;DaGwL
5fglag ug{ ag]sf] cfof]un]
;'/Iffsf nflu o:tf] kl/ro–
kqsf] k|:tfj u/]sf] xf] . ;g
@))% df sf+u|];n] JolStsf]
kl/rodf hfnem]n gxf]; eg]/
Pp6f P]g kfl/t u¥of], h;nfO{
l/on cfO{8L P]g (RealID Act)
elgG5 .
s] eO/x]sf] 5 <
xfn, ;a} %^ /fHo jf e"–
efudWo] %% of t cg'kfng jf
;do–lj:tf/df 5g . 6]S;;,
cf]xfof], ˆnf]l/8f, g]ef8f /
sf]nf]/f8f];d]tsf @* /fHo
l/oncfO{8Lsf] kfngfsf kIfdf
5g eg] @^ /fHo / cd]l/sL
e"–efuh:tf If]qnfO{ ljefun]
!) cS6f]a/ @)!* ;Dd
;do–lj:tf/ ug]{ ;'ljwf k|bfg
u/]sf] 5 . of] ;'ljwf kfPsf
/fHosf ofqLn] ;DejtM
cS6f]a/ !) ;Dd l/oncfO{8L
b]vfpg' kb}{g .
sxf“ of] kl/ro–kq rflxGg <
o:tf] kl/ro–kq vfFrf]
gkg]{ ;+3Lo ;/sf/L
lgsfodf k|j]z ug{, dtbftf
btf{ jf dtbfg ug{, ;+3Lo
;/sf/af6 kfpg] ;'ljwfsf
nflu lgj]bg lbg, ;jf/L–;fwg
rnfpg, :jf:Yo–;]jf kfpg,
cd]l/sL ;/sf/sf] cfGtl/s
;'/Iff ljefu -dGqfno_M
xf]dNof08 ;]So'l/6Ln] tf]s]sf]
;'/Iff–dfkb08cg';f/sf] of]
sf8{sf] ;§f kf;kf]6{ klg
k|of]u ug{ ;lsG5 .
l/oncfO{8Lsf] ljsNksf ?kdf sfd nfUg] kf;kf]6{
agfpg] ljifodf hfGg h"g @)!# / l8;]Da/ @)!^
sf] cIfl/sf k9g'xf];
sfg'gL–;]jf kfpg tyf
;+j}wflgs ;+/If0f ePsf
ultljlw, / sfg'g sfof{Gjog
k|lqmof jf cg';Gwfgx?df
;xefuL x'g eg] l/oncfO{8L
rflxFb}g .
o:tf] kl/ro–kq dfq /xG5 <
/fHo ;/sf/n] b'O{ vfn]
kl/ro–kq lbg ;S5gM Pp6f
;'/Iff–dfkb08 /flvPsf /
csf]{ ;fwf/0f vfnsf . cfˆgf]
/fHodf o:tf] 5 jf
5}g, 8«fOe;{–nfO;]G; hf/L
ug]{ sfof{no l8kf6{d]G6 ckm
df]6/ e]OsN; (Department of
Motor Vehicles) df a'‰g'xf]; .
l/oncfO{8L agfpg eg]
cfkm" g} pkl:yt x'g'k5{ /
pSt ljefun] tf]s]sf sfuhft
-hGdbtf{ k|df0fkq, kf;kf]6{
cflb_ k]z ug'{k5{ .
!* jif{eGbf sd pd]/sf] xsdf
!* jif{eGbf sd pd]/sf
gfgLx?n] o:tf] kl/ro–kq
b]vfpg' kb}{g . t/ pgLx?;“u
ofqf ug]{ pd]/ k'u]sf] JolStn]
b]vfpg cfjZos x'G5 .
yk hfGgsf nflu
of] l/oncfO{8L kl/ro–
kqaf/] yk hfGg oxfF x]g'{xf];M
https://www.dhs.gov/real-id

3. #@)!*d],jif{*c+s!)&
xfd|f] g]kfnL efiff efu @
cfPsf] 5 . lvd vltj8fn]
tof/ kf/]sf] of] k':ts clk|n
!%, @)!* df cfof]jfsf]
l8df]Ogdf ;fj{hlgs ul/Psf]
xf] . lstfadf 8f= nIdLgf/fo0f
9sfn tyf n]vs / ;Dkfbs
vltj8fsf] e"ldsf 5 . …xfd|f]
g]kfnL efiff efu !Ú sf]
t'ngfdf od;f e"ldsf 5f]6f
kfl/Psf 5g . of] :jfut–
of]Uo 5 .
kf7sf] ;+of]hg
o; efudf Jofs/0fdf a9L
Wofg lbOPsf] 5 . kl/lzi6
k"/} zAbfjnL / Jofs/0fdf
s]lGb|t 5 . !# j6f kf7dWo]
$ ;+jfb, # uLt÷sljtf, @
uB÷lgaGw, # syf, / Ps
hLjgL 5g . kf7x¿ 5f]6f
jfSo / ;/n zAbdf
n]lvPsf 5g .
k':ts …kl/roÚ lzif{ssf]
;+jfbaf6 ;'¿ eP klg klxnf]
kf7 nf]slk|o afnslj /fdafa'
;'j]bLsf] nf]slk|o …;ft af/
;ft lbgÚ xf] . …dnfO{ rsn]6
klgÚ lzif{ssf] kf7df c+ssf]
1fg / ;fdfg vl/b ubf{ ;"rL
agfpg l;sfOPsf] 5, / of]
cfjZos xf] . …/fdsf] lbgrof{Ú
df ;do–1fg 5 eg] …dfdfsf]
snÚ df gftfuf]tf s]nfOPsf]
5 . …sfusf] h'lQmÚ O{;k
-lu|ssf syfjfrs_ sf]
nf]ssyf oxfF klg k9g
;lsG5 . …c;n dfG5] agÚ df
afgL / :j:Yo /xg] cfbtsf
ljifodf n]lvPsf] 5 .
…xfd|f cflbsljÚ eg]/ cflbslj
efg'eQm cfrfo{sf] hLjgL 5 .
uf}td a'4nfO{ ;Demg] syf
…sf] 7"nf] <Ú o; k':tssf]
clGtd kf7 xf] . o;/L x]bf{
;du|df ;fdu|L ;dfof]hg lgs}
s'zn 9+un] ul/Psf] b]lvG5 .
z'4fz'l4sf 7fp“x¿
;fdfGo z'4fz'l4sf 7fpFx¿
e]l6G5g . h:tf]M ;f]daf/ /
;f]djf/ b'j} 5g . b'j} n]Vg]
rng eP klg lzIfs–
lzlIfsfn] Ps¿ktf
vf]Hg ;S5g . To:t} ;fdfGo
q'6L gb]lvPsf
xf]OggM efg'eQmOnfO{ -k[= #$_,
psl5g -k[= $!_, ˆoFlslbG5g
-k[= %$_, tflns -k[= %^_,
;'gpm -k[= ^(_, e"sfn -k[=
&%_ cflb . dgfpg', arfpg',
jf0f jf af0f, ufpg cflbdf
rGb|ljGb' rflxFb}gg . s] s],
s'g s'g, sf] sf], sxfF sxfF
cflbnfO{ 5'§f5'§} n]Vg ;lsG5
jf aLrdf …–Ú /fVbf x'G5 . t/
k':tsdf …s:tf–s:tfÚ
n]lvPsf] e]l6G5 .
k"0f{lj/fd hf]8]/ n]v]sf] kfOG5
t/ lj/fd–lrXg, på/0f–lrXg,
k|Zg–lrXg, e'O{+–s6x/, /fO;–
s"s/, :gfg–u[x, k|];/–s"s/,
jt{dfg–sfn, eljiot–sfn
n]Vbf aLrdf …–Ú /fVbf cln
:ki6 b]lvG5, of] rng xf] .
gfgLx¿nfO{ a'emfpg ;lhnf]
xf]nf eGg] cfzo . oL hf]8]/
n]Vg' l7s} dfGg] xf] eg] vfg]
s'/f, Joj:yf cGtu{t lsg
5'§f5'§} n]lvof] eGg] k|Zg
p75 .
k}+rf] lnPsf c+u|]hL zAbnfO{
c+u|]hL pRrf/0fd}
n]lvlbg' gfgLx¿sf nflu
kmfObfhgs x'g;S5M 6fu]{6
-tf/u]6_, km]a|'c/L -km/j/L_,
ck|}n -clk|n_, cflb . s]
c+u|]hL dlxgfsf gfdsf nflu
…g]kfnL a[xt zAbsf]zÚ nfO{
cfwf/ agfpg ;lsb}g / <
k':tssf] :j¿k
sl/a !)=( OGr nDafO /
*=# OGr rf}8fOsf] of] lstfa
leqL (^ cfj/0f $ u/L !))
k[i7sf] 5 . lstfasf] d"No
!@ cd]l/sL 8n/ /flvPsf]
5 .
cfj/0f / leqL kfgfx¿
/lËg 5g . cfj/0f gGb'
vltj8fn] tof/ kf/]sf
5g . leqsf lrq
OG6/g]6;lxt ljleGg ;|f]taf6
lnOPsf 5g . ;Gbe{–;fdu|Lsf]
;"rL clGtd k[i7df b]lvG5 .
xfd|f] kf7zfnf,
cd]l/sf of] lstfasf] k|sfzs
xf] eg] jL0ff u|flkmS;,
jf/f0f;L -ef/t_ sf] gfd
d'b|0fdf pNn]5 5 . of] lstfa
;g @)!* dfr{df 5flkPsf]
xf] . klxnf] ;+:s/0fdf Ps
xhf/ k|lt lgsflnPsf]
pNn]v 5 .
efiff l;sfpg] bf];|f] lstfa
!# kf7dWo] $ ;+jfb, #
uLt÷sljtf, @ uB÷lgaGw, #
syf, / Ps hLjgL
5g . kf7 5f]6f jfSo /
;/n zAbdf n]lvPsf 5g .
;fdu|L ;dfof]hg lgs} s'zn
9+un] ul/Psf] b]lvG5 .
;fdfGo z'4fz'l4sf 7fpF
e]l6G5g .
lvd vltj8fsf] xfd|f]
g]kfnL efiff efu ! sf]
;dLIff k9g clk|n @)!&
sf] cIfl/sf x]g'{xf];

4. $
la6 dfbf{dfb}{
;Gbe{M gof“ kl/ro–kq
b]zsf] ;'/Iff lglDt aGg] P]g,
sfg'g jf lgodaf/] gful/sn]
hfGg' eg]sf] gful/ssf]
lhDd]jf/L xf] . o;n]
;'/Iff lgsfo, gful/s cflb
;a}nfO{ ;lhnf] x'G5 .
o;k6ssf] ;Gbe{ xjfO{ofqf
ubf{, ;+j]bglzn If]qdf
k|j]zsf nflu xfdL rnfO/x]sf]
;fdfGo vfnsf] kl/ro–kqsf]
ljsNkaf/] xf] .
ef]lnsf lbgdf xfdLnfO{
o:tf] kl/ro–kq vfFrf]
kg]{ ePsfn] ;fyLefO,
kl/jf/, jf ;d'bfoleq 5nkmn
cfjZos x'g;S5 . of] klg
gful/ssf] lhDd]jf/L g} xf] .
wGojfb
Editor : Rajesh Koirala, Advisors : Doug Hall, Sattan Acharya, Tara Acharya, Tika Acharya, and Bhagirath Khatiwada
Building Community of New Hampshire, 510 Chestnut St., Manchester, NH 03101, Email: aksharica.communication@gmail.com
@)!*d],jif{*c+s!)&
c+u|]hL zAb ;"rL 72
c+u|]hLdf ;fwf/0f af]nrfn ug{ rflxg] sl/a # xhf/ zAbdWo]af6 axQ/f}+ ;"rL -efu &@_
• determination:
gfd– cGt, clek|fo, cjwf/0ff,
b[9tf, lg¿k0f, lg0f{o, c7f]6,
lg0ff{os, lgwf{/0f, lgZro, k|0f,
k|lt1f, ljrf/, JofVof, ;+sNk,
;dflKt, cbfntL lg0f{o÷km};nf,
b[9 lgZro, b[9 ;+sNk .
• determine:
lqmof– 7]Sg', sd/ s:g', tf8g',
;'l/g', d;Ss cfF6g', v'6ofpg',
7Dofpg', lgwf] ug{', lgSof]{Ng',
7x/fpg', 7]ufg nfpg', v'l§g',
c7f]6 ug{', lg?k0f ug{', ;+sNk
ug'{, lg0f{o ug'{, to ug'{, ;Ldf–
a4 ug'{, 7fGg', kQfnufpg',
l:y/ ug'{, km};nf ug]{
6'ªuf] ug'{, lg0f{o lng', ;dfKt
ug'{, kSsf ug'{, lglZrt ug'{,
lgwf{/0f ug'{ .
• develop:
lqmof– ljsf; ug{', k|:km'l6t÷
lj:tf/÷;Djw{g ug{', km}ng',
a9fpg', pGglt ug{', JoQm ug{',
km:6fpg', df}nfpg', z'? x'g',
agfpg', ;'wf/ ug'{, b]lvg',
kmf]6f] w'g', lj:tf/} b]vfkg{' .
• development:
gfd– lj:tf/, j[l4, ;Djw{g,
;'wf/, ljsf;, qmd–ljsf;,
cfljisf/, pTyfg, pGglt,
ultljlw, gtLhf, kl/0ffd, kmn,
aofg, j0f{g, ljj/0f, pTsif{ .
• device:
gfd– t/sLa, ;fwg, pkfo,
;fh, pks/0f, nIf0f, lrGx,
c+s, of]hgf, /rgf, ljlw,
sNkgf, k|of]u, agfj6, oGq .
• devote:
lqmof– ;dlk{t x'g', pT;u{ ug'{,
r9fpg', 7x/fpg', nufpg',
;'Dkg', Tofu ug'{, clk{t ug'{ .
gfd– ;dlk{t .
• diagram:
gfd– dd{lrq, /]vflrq, cfs[lt,
gSzf, vfsf, /]vf–n]v, lrq,
9fFrf, dfglrq .
• diameter:
gfd– Jof;, j[Qsf] kl/lwsf]
Ps 5]paf6 s]Gb| x'Fb} csf]{
5]p k'Ug] /]vf .
qmdzM
g]a|f:sf
(Nebraska)
d g]a|f:sf /fHo x'F .
g]a|f:sf, dWo–klZrdL tyf
a[xt ;dynsf] /fHo xf] .
g]a|f:sfsf] /fhwfgL
lnªsg (Lincoln) / 7"nf]
zx/ cf]dfxf (Omaha) xf] .
n n n
o;nfO{ 5f]6s/Ldf NE
n]lvG5 .
n n n
g]a|f:sfsf] j]a;fO6 www.
nebraska.gov xf] .
n n n
g]a|f:sfdf (# j6f
sfpG6L (county) 5g .
n n n
gbL (Platte River) nfO{
lrlgG5 .
n n n
cd]l/sfsf] !^ cf}+ 7"nf]
/fHo xf], h;sf] If]qkmn
&& xhf/ # ;o %* ju{
dfOn -@ nfv # ;o ^%
ju{ lsnf]ld6/_
5 .
n n n
hg;+Vof sl/a !(
nfv @) xhf/ &^
5 . w]/} hg;+Vof
ePsf /fHodWo] of]
#& cf}+ xf] .
n n n
g]a|f:sfdf ;g !*^& df
cd]l/sfsf] #& cf}+ /fHo
ag]sf] xf] .
g]a|f:sfsf] pQ/tkm{ ;fpy
8sf]6f (South Dakota),
blIf0fdf sG;f; (Kansas),
blIf0f–klZrddf sf]nf]/f8f]
(Colorado), klZrddf
jfof]ldªu (Wyoming), k"j{df
ldh'/L (Missouri) 5 eg]
ldh'/L gbLn] cfof]jf (Iowa)
/fHo;Fu ;Ldf agfPsf] 5 .
n n n
/}yfg] cd]l/sLx?sf] ynf]
dflgg] o; /fHosf] gfd
;dyn kfgL (Flat Water)
af6 lnOPsf] xf], h;af6
/fHo l5rf]n]/ aUg] Knf§]