Access control list 2
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Access control lists (ACLs) are used to control network traffic flows between routers by filtering packets. Standard ACLs filter based on source IP address and block bidirectional traffic. Extended ACLs filter on source IP address, destination IP address, protocol and port, and can block traffic in one direction only. Wildcard masks are used in ACLs to specify which IP address bits must match for the ACL entry to apply.
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This study guide is intended to provide those pursuing the CCNA certification with a framework of what concepts need to be studied. This is not a comprehensive document containing all the secrets of the CCNP nor is it a “braindump” of questions and answers.
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This document discusses IP addressing, MAC addressing, and port addressing. IP addressing assigns logical addresses to devices using a hierarchical numbering scheme. Addresses can be static, assigned manually, or dynamic, assigned automatically by a DHCP server. MAC addresses are unique hardware addresses that identify each node on a network. Port addressing refers to the logical port numbers applications use to share network resources simultaneously on the same computer.
Access Control List (ACL)
The document discusses Access Control Lists (ACLs), which are lists of permit or deny rules that control what traffic can enter or leave a router's interface. There are standard ACLs, which filter traffic based only on the source IP address, and extended ACLs, which can filter traffic based on additional attributes like destination address, protocol, and port numbers. ACL rules are evaluated sequentially, with an implicit "deny all" rule at the end, so ACLs should be placed strategically to filter traffic close to either its source or destination.
CCNA
The document provides an overview of the CCNA certification and covers topics like internetworking, IP addressing, routing protocols, Cisco IOS, and more. It begins with an introduction to computer networks and protocols. Then it discusses the OSI reference model, IP addressing fundamentals, routing protocols like RIP, IGRP, EIGRP and OSPF, Cisco IOS configuration, and IP routing. The document serves as a study guide for CCNA exam topics at a high level.
Securing management, control & data plane
The document discusses securing the management, control, and data planes of a network. It describes:
1. Securing the management plane through strong passwords, encrypted protocols like SSH, user authentication using AAA, role-based access control, logging, and network time protocol.
2. Securing the control plane using control plane policing and protection to minimize CPU load and protect against denial of service attacks.
3. Securing the data plane using access control lists, antispoofing features, port security, DHCP snooping, dynamic ARP inspection, and IP source guard to filter traffic and prevent spoofing and man-in-the-middle attacks.
Network protocols and vulnerabilities
The document provides an overview of network infrastructure components including networking hardware, software, and services. It then discusses several key network protocols including TCP, IP, routing protocols, and DNS. It provides details on the OSI model and describes each layer including typical functions, protocols, and vulnerabilities. For TCP and IP, it outlines the basic operation including packet formatting, connection establishment, flow control, congestion control, and error handling.
14 network tools
This document provides information on various networking tools and concepts in Linux. It discusses network basics like hosts, servers, clients and protocols. It then summarizes tools for remote access (Telnet), file transfer (FTP), downloading files (Wget, Curl), secure connections (SSH), network configuration (ifconfig, route), viewing connections (netstat), and network tracing (tcpdump).
Networking basics
This document provides an overview of networking concepts including network components, layers of the OSI model, network structures, IP addressing, subnetting, routing, and TCP/IP protocols. Key points covered include the core, distribution, and access layers of a network hierarchy; functions of the physical, data link, network, and transport layers; MAC addressing; IP addressing classes and subnetting; TCP and port numbers; and routing protocols.
Firewalls
This document discusses firewall technologies and how they work to secure networks. It begins by defining what a firewall is and its purpose of controlling access between trusted and untrusted networks. It then explains different types of firewalls including packet filtering, stateful inspection, proxies, and how each works. The document also covers topics like filtering, spoofing, fragmentation attacks, and how firewalls can help prevent these threats while noting limitations.
Ch2 ccna exploration 3 lan switching and wireless
When a collision occurs using CSMA/CD, hosts return to listen-before-transmit mode after the backoff period expires. No collisions will occur on a link administratively configured for full-duplex. With an empty MAC table, SW1 will flood the frame from PC_A to PC_C on all ports except the originating port. When receiving a frame with an unknown source MAC, the switch will map the source to the receiving port. With default configurations, workstations B and C will capture the frame from workstation A.
Modul 5 access control list
An access control list (ACL) is a sequential list of permit or deny statements that apply to network traffic and are used to control what traffic is allowed or denied on a network interface. ACLs can filter traffic based on source/destination IP addresses, protocols, and port numbers. Standard ACLs filter only on source IP addresses while extended ACLs can filter on additional parameters. ACLs are applied to interfaces using the ip access-group command to implement the access control on inbound or outbound traffic on that interface.
CCNA 1 v6.0 Final Exam Answers Option B 2018
This document provides the answers to a CCNA 1 v6.0 Final Exam with 100 questions. Some key points:
- It addresses topics related to networking fundamentals, including network models, protocols, network configuration and troubleshooting.
- The questions test knowledge of networking concepts and Cisco IOS commands across the OSI model layers, from physical layer addressing to application layer protocols.
- Answers are provided for multiple choice questions about LANs, WANs, routing, switching, IPv4 and IPv6 addressing, TCP/IP protocols and network client-server models.
Firewall
The document discusses various types of firewall technologies used to control access between trusted and untrusted networks. It describes packet filtering, session filtering, application-level gateways, and circuit-level proxies. Packet filtering makes decisions on individual packets while session filtering tracks connection state. Application gateways understand specific protocols while circuit proxies operate at the transport layer. The document also covers network address translation, encryption, spoofing attacks, and fragmentation attacks against firewalls.
Unit 2 - Internet Protocol Overview - IT
This document provides an overview of the Internet Protocol (IP) and describes the layers of the IP stack from lowest to highest: the link layer, internet layer, transport layer, and application layer. It explains key protocols like IP, TCP, UDP, and defines related concepts such as IP addressing, ports, and subnet masking. The document also briefly introduces IPv6 and describes the role of Request for Comments (RFCs) in standardizing Internet technologies.
Practice exam #2
The document contains multiple choice questions about network configuration and protocols. Based on the options provided, the correct answers are:
- The missing information for Blank 1 is the command show ip route.
- Addition of hosts to a physical segment and increasing use of bandwidth intensive network applications contribute to congestion on an Ethernet LAN.
- The SwA port has IEEE 802.1Q trunking enabled and the SwB port has ISL trunking enabled.
ACIT - CCNA Training Course Topic - Switch Stp ACIT
In ACIT’s popular Bootcamp you will gain the necessary knowledge to pass the CCNA lab exam. Visit ACIT in mumbai and bangalore
Guide to protecting networks - Eric Vanderburg
The document provides an overview of various network security devices and concepts. It describes routers and how they use access control lists to filter network traffic. It also explains firewalls, how they can be implemented as hardware or software, and the technologies they use including network address translation, packet filtering, and access control lists. Finally, it covers intrusion detection systems, the differences between network-based and host-based IDS, and how honeypots are used to detect attackers on a network.
Access List in Networks
Null Security meetup, Delhi, 26 June 2010
More info:
https://null.co.in/section/events/meets/page/24/
https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/null-co-in/wFuFo3EMY1Y
http://packetflows.com
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This document proposes a network design using access controls and VoIP. It includes configuration of routers, switches, VLANs, DHCP, RIP routing protocol, frame relay, telnet, ACLs and VoIP protocols like Call Manager Express. The network connects three locations - a head office and two branch offices - using routers, switches, frame relay, VLANs and access controls to filter unauthorized traffic and allow only genuine users. VoIP is implemented using protocols like DHCP, Call Manager Express, phone directory and dial peer configuration to enable voice calls between the locations over the IP network.
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ACIT - CCNA Training Course Topic - Switch Stp ACIT
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Switching Types
Multilayer switching allows a single device to perform both layer 2 switching and layer 3 routing. It uses application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) to store routing and forwarding information in hardware tables, allowing traffic to be forwarded at line speed with little delay. Multilayer switches can create a switched virtual interface (SVI) for each VLAN to allow routing between VLANs, functioning similarly to a router but with the ports remaining at layer 2. Cisco Express Forwarding (CEF) further improves efficiency by building forwarding tables to store layer 2 and layer 3 information, allowing very fast lookups and transmission of traffic through the switch.
Switching Types
Multilayer switching allows a single device to perform both layer 2 switching and layer 3 routing. It uses application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) to store routing and forwarding information in hardware tables, allowing traffic to be forwarded at line speed with little delay. Multilayer switches can create a switched virtual interface (SVI) for each VLAN to allow routing between VLANs, functioning similarly to a router but with the ports remaining at layer 2. Cisco Express Forwarding (CEF) further improves efficiency by building forwarding tables to store layer 2 and layer 3 information, allowing very fast lookups and transmission of traffic through the switch.
Route Authentication
Route authentication allows routers to authenticate routing updates by exchanging passwords or keys. It prevents routers without the correct authentication from participating in the routing process. There are two main types: simple password authentication uses a shared password, while MD5 authentication uses cryptographic hashes to authenticate packets without sending the key over the wire, making it more secure. The document provides sample configurations for enabling simple password authentication on RIPv2, EIGRP and OSPF routing protocols. It also explains how to configure MD5 authentication which involves additional commands to change the authentication mode.
Recognizing security threats
The document discusses various common security threats and how to mitigate them using Cisco's IOS Firewall features. It describes application-layer attacks, autorooters, backdoors, denial of service attacks, IP spoofing, man-in-the-middle attacks, network reconnaissance, packet sniffers, password attacks, port redirection attacks, Trojan horse attacks and viruses, and trust exploitation attacks. It then outlines Cisco IOS Firewall features like stateful inspection, intrusion detection, firewall voice traversal, ICMP inspection, authentication proxy, destination URL policy management, per-user firewalls, router provisioning, DoS prevention, dynamic port mapping, Java applet blocking, traffic filtering, multi-interface support, NAT, time-
Ccna simulation exam practice guide
This document provides instructions and configuration examples for practicing CCNA exam simulations. It includes 15 practice exam simulations focused on configuring and troubleshooting routing protocols, VLANs, ACLs, and other networking topics. For each simulation, the document describes the network topology and objectives that must be met to complete the simulation successfully. It stresses the importance of fully understanding configuration topics in the author's CCNA study guide before attempting the practice exams.
RIP Update Timers
This study guide is intended to provide those pursuing the CCNA certification with a framework of what concepts need to be studied. This is not a comprehensive document containing all the secrets of the CCNA, nor is it a “braindump” of questions and answers.
I sincerely hope that this document provides some assistance and clarity in your studies.
Password Recovery
This study guide is intended to provide those pursuing the CCNA certification with a framework of what concepts need to be studied. This is not a comprehensive document containing all the secrets of the CCNA, nor is it a “braindump” of questions and answers.
I sincerely hope that this document provides some assistance and clarity in your studies.
OSPF 3
The document describes an OSPF network configuration across three routers - Hyderabad, Chennai and Bangalore. Chennai is configured as the backbone Area 0 router connecting two other areas - Area 1 between Hyderabad and Area 2 between Bangalore. Each router is configured with OSPF and associated networks and area IDs.
OSPF 2
This study guide is intended to provide those pursuing the CCNA certification with a framework of what concepts need to be studied. This is not a comprehensive document containing all the secrets of the CCNA, nor is it a “braindump” of questions and answers.
I sincerely hope that this document provides some assistance and clarity in your studies.
Ip addressing
This document discusses IP addressing and subnetting. It covers:
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- How IP addresses are divided into classes A, B, C, D and E based on the priority bit in the first octet. This determines the number of available networks and hosts for each class.
- The concepts of network and broadcast addresses. Subnet masks are used to differentiate the network and host portions of an IP address.
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Internal & External of Routers
A router is a networking device that connects different networks together and allows communication between them. It uses logical addressing like IP addresses to direct traffic between the networks. The document discusses different types of routers from Cisco including access layer routers for small networks, distribution layer routers for ISPs, and core layer routers for large backbones. It describes the various ports on a router like Ethernet, serial, console, and auxiliary ports and their purposes. The boot process of a router is also summarized where the ROM loads a bootstrap program from flash memory which then loads the IOS software and configuration from NVRAM into RAM.
Integrated Service Digital Network
The document discusses various WAN connection types including dedicated lines, circuit switching, and packet switching. It then describes specific connection types like DSL lines, ISDN, and Frame Relay. Protocols like PPP and HDLC are covered as well as authentication methods, NAT, routing, and configurations for ISDN internet and site-to-site connections.
Initial Configuration of Router
This study guide is intended to provide those pursuing the CCNA certification with a framework of what concepts need to be studied. This is not a comprehensive document containing all the secrets of the CCNA, nor is it a “braindump” of questions and answers.
I sincerely hope that this document provides some assistance and clarity in your studies.
Frame Relay
This study guide is intended to provide those pursuing the CCNA certification with a framework of what concepts need to be studied. This is not a comprehensive document containing all the secrets of the CCNA, nor is it a “braindump” of questions and answers.
I sincerely hope that this document provides some assistance and clarity in your studies.
Multi Static Routng & Default Routing
This study guide is intended to provide those pursuing the CCNA certification with a framework of what concepts need to be studied. This is not a comprehensive document containing all the secrets of the CCNA, nor is it a “braindump” of questions and answers.
I sincerely hope that this document provides some assistance and clarity in your studies.
OSI Layers
This study guide is intended to provide those pursuing the CCNA certification with a framework of what concepts need to be studied. This is not a comprehensive document containing all the secrets of the CCNA, nor is it a “braindump” of questions and answers.
I sincerely hope that this document provides some assistance and clarity in your studies.
Password Recovery
This study guide is intended to provide those pursuing the CCNA certification with a framework of what concepts need to be studied. This is not a comprehensive document containing all the secrets of the CCNA, nor is it a “braindump” of questions and answers.
I sincerely hope that this document provides some assistance and clarity in your studies.
OSPF 3
This study guide is intended to provide those pursuing the CCNA certification with a framework of what concepts need to be studied. This is not a comprehensive document containing all the secrets of the CCNA, nor is it a “braindump” of questions and answers.
I sincerely hope that this document provides some assistance and clarity in your studies.
OSPF 2
This study guide is intended to provide those pursuing the CCNA certification with a framework of what concepts need to be studied. This is not a comprehensive document containing all the secrets of the CCNA, nor is it a “braindump” of questions and answers.
I sincerely hope that this document provides some assistance and clarity in your studies.
IP Addressing
This study guide is intended to provide those pursuing the CCNA certification with a framework of what concepts need to be studied. This is not a comprehensive document containing all the secrets of the CCNA, nor is it a “braindump” of questions and answers.
I sincerely hope that this document provides some assistance and clarity in your studies.
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Access control list 2
- 1. 1
- 2. Access Control List • It is a Layer 3 security which controls the flow of traffic from one router to another. • It is also called as Packet Filtering Firewall. 2
- 3. ACL - Network Diagram 10.0.0.1/8 S0 HYD 11.0.0.1/8 S0 S1 10.0.0.2/8 E0 192.168.1.150/24 1.1 1.2 1.3 LAN - 192.168.1.0/24 2.1 CHE S1 11.0.0.2/8 E0 192.168.2.150/24 2.2 2.3 LAN - 192.168.2.0/24 3.1 BAN E0 192.168.3.150/2 3.2 3.3 LAN - 192.168.3.0/24 1.0 should not communicate with 2.0 network 3 1.0 should not communicate with 2.0 network
- 4. Types of Access-list • Standard ACL • Extended ACL • Named ACL 4
- 5. Standard Access List • The access-list number lies between 1 – 99 • Can block a Network, Host and Subnet • Two way communication is stopped • All services are blocked. • Implemented closest to the destination. (Guideline) 5
- 6. Extended Access List • The access-list number lies between 100 – 199 • Can block a Network, Host, Subnet and Service • One way communication is stopped • Selected services can be blocked. • Implemented closest to the source. (Guideline) 6
- 7. Terminology • Deny : Blocking a Network/Host/Subnet/Service • Permit : Allowing a Network/Host/Subnet/Service • Source Address : The address of the PC from where the request starts. Show Diagram • Destination address : The address of the PC where the request ends. • Inbound : Traffic coming into the interface • Outbound : Traffic going out of the interface 7
- 8. Terminology • Protocols : IP - TCP - UDP - ICMP • Operators : eq (equal to) neq (not equal to) lt (less than) gt (greater than) • Services : HTTP, FTP, TELNET, DNS, DHCP etc.. 8
- 9. Wild Card Mask • Tells the router which addressing bits must match in the address of the ACL statement. • It’s the inverse of the subnet mask, hence is also called as Inverse mask. • A bit value of 0 indicates MUST MATCH (Check Bits) • A bit value of 1 indicates IGNORE (Ignore Bits) • Wild Card Mask for a Host will be always 0.0.0.0 9
- 10. Wild Card Mask • A wild card mask can be calculated using the formula : Global Subnet Mask – Customized Subnet Mask ------------------------------Wild Card Mask E.g. 255.255.255.255 – 255.255.255.240 --------------------0. 0. 0. 15 10
- 11. 11
- 12. ACL - Network Diagram 10.0.0.1/8 S0 HYD 11.0.0.1/8 S0 S1 10.0.0.2/8 E0 192.168.1.150/24 1.1 1.2 1.3 LAN - 192.168.1.0/24 2.1 CHE S1 11.0.0.2/8 E0 192.168.2.150/24 2.2 2.3 LAN - 192.168.2.0/24 3.1 BAN E0 192.168.3.150/2 3.2 3.3 LAN - 192.168.3.0/24 1.0 should not communicate with 2.0 network 1.0 should not communicate with 2.0 network 12