Copernicus proposed a heliocentric model where the sun is at the center of the solar system, Ptolemy's geocentric model placed Earth at the center with celestial bodies orbiting it, and Aristarchus believed that Earth rotated on its axis and revolved around the sun, while Eudoxus and Aristotle created early geocentric models centered on Earth.
Astronomy is the oldest of the natural sciences, dating back to antiquity, with its origins in the religious, mythological, cosmological, calendrical, and astrological beliefs and practices of pre-history: vestiges of these are still found in astrology, a discipline long interwoven with public and governmental astronomy, and not completely disentangled from it until a few centuries ago in the Western World (see astrology and astronomy). In some cultures, astronomical data was used for astrological prognostication.
Ancient astronomers were able to differentiate between stars and planets, as stars remain relatively fixed over the centuries while planets will move an appreciable amount during a comparatively short time.
Astronomy is known as the science of the entire universe beyond the Earth. It includes the Earth’s gross physical properties: its mass and rotation, as they interact with other bodies of the solar system.
Astronomy is the oldest of the natural sciences, dating back to antiquity, with its origins in the religious, mythological, cosmological, calendrical, and astrological beliefs and practices of pre-history: vestiges of these are still found in astrology, a discipline long interwoven with public and governmental astronomy, and not completely disentangled from it until a few centuries ago in the Western World (see astrology and astronomy). In some cultures, astronomical data was used for astrological prognostication.
Ancient astronomers were able to differentiate between stars and planets, as stars remain relatively fixed over the centuries while planets will move an appreciable amount during a comparatively short time.
Astronomy is known as the science of the entire universe beyond the Earth. It includes the Earth’s gross physical properties: its mass and rotation, as they interact with other bodies of the solar system.
Human flourishing - Science, Technology and SocietytitserRex
This is a powerpoin presentation of Human Flourishing in STS or Science technology and Society. credits to the owner of the content which I haven't copied the link. This was uploaded for the sake of teachers and students who are handling and taking Science, Technology and Society. Thank you!
The geocentric theory stated that the earth was the center of the universe and was the most accepted viewpoint for a long, long time. The heliocentric theory, on the other hand, states that the earth revolves around the Sun. The first advocate of a heliocentric model was Aristarchus of Samos in ancient Greece.
Slide show of a class by Dr. Aldemaro Romero Jr. for his course "History and Philosophy of Scince" taught in the early 2000s at Arkansas State University
Professor’s Questions Set 2Provide comprehensive answers to th.docxwkyra78
Professor’s Questions Set 2
Provide comprehensive answers to the following questions. Remember to support your arguments where necessary by websites and pictures.
1. Why did early Astronomers conclude that Earth had to be motionless?
2. How did the Ptolemaic model explain retrograde motion?
3. Why did Greek astronomers conclude that the heavens were made up of perfect crystalline spheres moving at constant speed?
4. In what way were the models of Ptolemy and Copernicus similar?
5. Why did Copernican hypothesis win gradual acceptance?
6. Explain how Kepler’s law contradict uniform circular motion?
7. How did Newton’s law lead you to conclude that gravitation has to be universal?
8. What are the two factors that depend on the orbital motion of the moon?
9. Galileo was condemned by inquisition, but Kepler, also a supporter of Copernicus was not. Why not?
10. What contributions did Johannes Kepler make to Astronomy?
Michael Seeds
Dana Backman
Chapter 3
The Origin of Modern Astronomy
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The passions of astronomy
are no less profound
because they are not noisy.
- JOHN STEINBECK
The Short Reign of Pippin IV
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If you are concerned about the environment, you owe a debt to the 16th century Polish astronomer, Nicolaus Copernicus. He proposed that Earth is not the center of the universe, but just one of the planets that circle the sun. His theory made Earth part of the cosmos and led to the modern understanding of humanity’s place among all the creatures of Earth.
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As you read about Copernicus and his theory, you will see astronomers struggling with two related problems:The place of EarthThe motion of the planets
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That struggle led Galileo before the Inquisition.It also led Isaac Newton to discover gravity.
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As you read about the birth of modern astronomy, notice that it is also the story of the invention of science as a way to know about the world we live in.
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Before Copernicus, the world seemed filled with mysterious influences.After Newton, scientists understood that the world is described by natural laws that are open to human study. The mysteries of nature are mysteries because they are unknown—not because they are unknowable.
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Astronomy Before CopernicusTo understand why Copernicus’s model was so important, you first need to backtrack to ancient Greece and meet the two great authorities of ancient astronomy:Aristotle, the brilliant philosopherClaudius Ptolemy, a later follower of Aristotle’s principles
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First, you should remember that the terms solar system, galaxy, and universe have very different meanings.You know now that our solar system is your very local neighborhood—much smaller than the Milky Way Galaxy.Milky Way, in turn, is tiny compared with the observable universe.
Astronomy Before Copernicus
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However, from ancient times up through Copernicus’s day, it was thought that the whole uni ...
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
THE IMPORTANCE OF MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE SAMPLE RETURN.Sérgio Sacani
The return of a sample of near-surface atmosphere from Mars would facilitate answers to several first-order science questions surrounding the formation and evolution of the planet. One of the important aspects of terrestrial planet formation in general is the role that primary atmospheres played in influencing the chemistry and structure of the planets and their antecedents. Studies of the martian atmosphere can be used to investigate the role of a primary atmosphere in its history. Atmosphere samples would also inform our understanding of the near-surface chemistry of the planet, and ultimately the prospects for life. High-precision isotopic analyses of constituent gases are needed to address these questions, requiring that the analyses are made on returned samples rather than in situ.
A brief information about the SCOP protein database used in bioinformatics.
The Structural Classification of Proteins (SCOP) database is a comprehensive and authoritative resource for the structural and evolutionary relationships of proteins. It provides a detailed and curated classification of protein structures, grouping them into families, superfamilies, and folds based on their structural and sequence similarities.
This pdf is about the Schizophrenia.
For more details visit on YouTube; @SELF-EXPLANATORY;
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAiarMZDNhe1A3Rnpr_WkzA/videos
Thanks...!
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
optics at visible wavelengths.
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...
4. CAPIRNICUS, PTOLEMY, ARISTARCHUS, EUDOXUS AND ARISTOTLE.pptx
1. COMPARE AND CONTRAST THE
MODELS/DESCRIPTION OF THE
UNIVERSE BY CAPIRNICUS,
PTOLEMY, ARISTARCHUS,
EUDOXUS AND ARISTOTLE
2. COPERNICUS
• He proposed that the sun, was the
center of the solar system.
• His model is the Heliocentric System.
3.
4. PTOLEMY
• The astronomical system of ptolemy, in
which the earth is at the center of the
universe with the sun, moon, planets, and
stars revolving about it in circular orbits at
increasing distance.
8. EUDOXUS
• He created the first model of geocentric
universe around 380 B.C .
• Designed his model of the universe as a
series of cosmic spheres containing the
stars, sun, and the moon all built around
the earth at its cneter.
9.
10. ARISTOTLE
• Ancient Greek philosophers and
scientist.
• One of the greatest thinkers in politics,
psychology and ethics.
