For more secure authentication, a 3-D password is proposed that combines multiple authentication factors into a 3D virtual environment. The user navigates and interacts with virtual objects to construct their password. This multi-factor approach includes textual passwords, graphical passwords, and biometrics within a 3D space. The environment design and included objects determine the large key space size, making passwords difficult to crack compared to traditional methods. However, 3D passwords also require more sophisticated technology and programming.

1. 3-D password
For more secure authentication..
Presented by:
Preetha M P
Roll No : 21
S5 MCA
ETAKMCA022

2. Basic Identification Methods of password
Possession Knowledge
(“something I have”) (“something I know”)
•Keys •Password
•Passport •PIN
•Smart Card
Biometrics Recognition
(“something I am”) (“something I recognise”)
•Face • Graphical
•Fingerprint Password
•Iris

3. PASSWORD
• It is basically a encryption algorithm
• Usually 8-15 characters or slightly more than that
• Can be meaningful words from dictionary, pet names,
name of friends etc
• Easy to break and vulnerable to Brute force attack

4. PASSPHRASE
• Enhanced version of password
• Combination of words or simply a collection of passwords
in proper sequence
• Length is about 30 – 50 characters or more than that also
• Creates ambiguity to remember if there is no proper
sequence

5. GRAPHICAL PASSWORDS
• Based on the idea that users can recall and recognize
pictures better than words.
• Require a long time to be performed
• Have a password space that is less than or equal to the
textual password space
• Vulnerable to shoulder surfing attacks

6. BIOMETRICS
• Automatethe identification or verification of an individual
based on human characteristics or body organs.
• Physiological: Face, fingerprint, iris
• Behavioral: Hand-written signature, voice
Characteristics Templates
011001010010101…
011010100100110…
001100010010010...

7. 3-D PASSWORD
• Customizable and very interesting way of authentication
• Multi factor authentication scheme.
• Contains a 3-D virtual environment where the user navigates & interacts
with various objects.
• Sequence of actions and interactions toward the objects constructs
user’s 3-D password.
• Combination of textual passwords, graphical passwords & various
types of biometrics into a 3-D virtual environment.
• Design of 3-D virtual environment and type of objects selected
determine 3-D password key space

8. 3-D ENVIRONMENT VIRTUAL OBJECTS CAN BE AS FOLLOWS:
• a computer with which the user can type;
• a fingerprint reader that requires the user’s fingerprint;
• a biometrical recognition device;
• a paper or a white board that a user can write, sign, or draw on;
• an automated teller machine (ATM) that requests a token;
• a light that can be switched on/off;
• a television or radio where channels can be selected;
• a staple that can be punched;
• a car that can be driven;
• a book that can be moved from one place to another;
• any graphical password scheme;
• any real-life object;
• any upcoming authentication scheme.

9. State diagram of a possible 3-D password application

10. Snapshot of a proof-of-concept virtual art gallery, which
contains 36 pictures and six computers

11. Snapshot of a proof-of-concept 3-D virtual environment, where the
user is typing a textual password on a virtual computer as a part of
the user’s 3-D password

12. An example of user actions in the 3D virtual environment can
be recorded as follows:
• (10, 24, 91) Action = Open the office door;
• (10, 24, 91) Action = Close the office door;
• (4, 34, 18) Action = Typing, “F”;
• (4, 34, 18) Action = Typing, “A”;
• (4, 34, 18) Action = Typing, “L”;
• (4, 34, 18) Action = Typing, “C”;
• (4, 34, 18) Action = Typing, “O”;
• (4, 34, 18) Action = Typing, “N”;
• (10, 24, 80) Action = Pick up the pen;
• (1, 18, 80) Action = Drawing, point = (330, 130).

13. 3D VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENT DESIGN GUIDELINES
• Real life similarity
• Object uniqueness and distinction
• Three Dimensional Virtual Environment Size
• Number of objects and their types
• System Importance

14. 3-D PASSWORD APPLICATIONS
In Critical Systems:
• Critical servers
• Nuclear and military facilities
• Airplanes and jet fighters
In small virtual environments:
• ATM
• Personal Digital Assistance
• Desktop Computers & laptop logins
• Web Authentication

15. ADVANTAGES OF 3-D PASSWORD
• Several authentication schemes
• Easy to memorize
• Designed according to protected system
• Highly flexible
• Extremely strong
• Provides secrets
• 3D environment can be changed
• Password can change easily.
• Difficult to crack
• Freedom to select
• Difficult to share
• 3D graphical password has no limit

16. DISADVANTAGES
•Difficult for blind people to use this technology.
• Requires sophisticated computer technology.
• Expensive.
• A lot of program coding is required.

17. ATTACKS AND COUNTER MEASURES
• Brute Force Attack
a) Time required to login
b) Cost of attacks
• Well Studied Attack
• Shoulder Surfing Attack
• Timing attack

18. CONCLUSION
• 3D password is a multi factor authentication scheme that combines the
various authentication schemes into a single 3D virtual environment.
• Design of the 3D virtual environment is the selection of objects inside
the environment and the object's type reflect the resulted password
space
• Password space is very large compared to any existing authentication
schemes
•It is the task of the system administrator to design the environment and
to select the appropriate object that reflects the protected system
requirements
• Designing a simple and easy to use 3D virtual environment is a factor
that leads to a higher user acceptability of a 3D password system.

19. Questions??

20. Thank u