Sampling and measurement
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The document discusses key concepts in sampling and measurement for research including sample design techniques, types of sampling, measurement scales, sources of error in measurement, tests of sound measurement, techniques for developing measurement tools, scaling, scaling techniques, and scale construction. It provides an overview of probability and non-probability sampling, nominal to ratio measurement scales, factors that can influence measurement errors, validity and reliability testing, and common methods for scaling responses and constructing scales.
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This document provides an introduction to surveys. It defines surveys as studies involving a sample of individuals selected from a larger population where variables are observed at a single point in time. It outlines key steps in designing a survey such as defining objectives, identifying the study population and variables, establishing a plan of analysis, determining sample size, choosing a sampling method, deciding on a data collection mode, and preparing for data analysis. It also discusses important considerations like ethical issues, response rates, and using survey results.
research design
The document discusses key aspects of research design including:
1) Research design determines the framework and methods for a study including data collection and analysis.
2) Key decisions in research design include determining primary or secondary data sources, qualitative or quantitative data, specific methods for data collection like surveys or experiments, and approaches for data analysis.
3) A strong research design considers reliability, validity, neutrality, and generalizability and sets up a study for success through a coherent plan.
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Research Methodology - Research Design & Sample Design
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Info systems
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Electronic commerce involves performing commercial operations electronically through the use of information technology. This includes contact between buyers and sellers as well as the entire buying and selling process. E-commerce encompasses diverse online activities such as electronic fund transfers, online share trading, and commercial auctions. There are different models of e-commerce including business-to-business, business-to-consumer, business-to-government, and consumer-to-administration. E-commerce allows for speedy electronic transactions and information exchange between businesses and organizations.
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Research Methodology chi square test
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Sampling and measurement
- 2. Sample design Technique or procedure a researcher would adopt in selecting items for the sample
- 3. Types of sample designs Probability Sampling Non-probability Sampling Simple Random Sampling Convenience Sampling Complex Random Sampling ( Cluster sampling, Systematic sampling, Stratified sampling, etc.) Quota sampling
- 4. Measurement and Scaling Techniques
- 6. Measurement Scales Nominal scale Ordinal scale Interval scale Ratio scale
- 7. Sources of Error in Measurement Respondent Situation Measurer Instrument
- 8. Tests of Sound Measurement Test of Validity Test of Reliability Test of Practicality
- 9. Technique of developing Measurement Tools Concept development Specification of concept dimensions Selection of indicators Formation of index
- 10. Scaling
- 11. Important Scaling Techniques Rating scales Graphic rating scale Itemized rating scale Ranking scales Method of paired comparison Method of rank order
- 12. Scale Construction Techniques Arbitrary scales Differential scales or Thurstone-type scales Summated scales or Likert-type scales Cumulative scales Factor scales - Semantic differential