3 Chromophore & Auxochrome.pptx
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This document discusses chromophores, which are groups that absorb electromagnetic radiation in the UV or visible region and impart color to compounds. It defines chromophores and provides examples such as C=C and C=O groups. Chromophores can be independent, requiring only one group to impart color, or dependent, requiring more than one group. The document also discusses auxochromes, which are groups that alter the wavelength and intensity of light absorbed by chromophores. It gives examples of how auxochromes can cause bathochromic, hypsochromic, hyperchromic, or hypochromic shifts in absorption.
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This document discusses chromophores and how they absorb electromagnetic radiation. It defines a chromophore as a covalently bonded group that absorbs UV or visible light. Common chromophores include C=C, C=O, and NO2 groups. Chromophores can be independent, requiring only one group to impart color, or dependent, requiring more than one group. Auxochromes are groups that alter the wavelength and intensity of absorption when attached to a chromophore. Absorption maxima can be bathochromically or hypsochromically shifted and absorption intensity can be hyperchromically or hypochromically altered.
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3 Chromophore & Auxochrome.pptx
- 1. Concept of Chromophore & Auxochrome • Dr. B. Sateesh Kumar M.Sc., CSIR-JRF, Ph.D Assistant Professor in Chemistry
- 2. @DrBSK
- 3. @DrBSK Heme colour-Red due to conjugated C=C chromophore gps
- 4. ? See this color due to Tomato Conjugated Chromophore gps
- 5. See this color due to ? @DrBSK Answer
- 6. @DrBSK
- 7. Chromophore • Isolated covalent bonded groups that shows a characteristic absorption in UV-Visible region, those are called Chromophore. In the case of multiple bonded compounds, the π-electrons are responsible for absorption and electronic excitation. Chromophore must contains -N=N- Ethylenic, acetylenic, carbonyls, acids, esters, nitrile group etc.
- 8. Auxochromes • The groups does not show any characteristic absorption in UV-Visible region, those groups are called Auxochromes. • These are electron-donating groups and are known as auxochromes. • Examples of auxochrome groups are: -NH2, -OR, - NHR, -SH, -OH ..Etc. auxochrome (from Ancient Greek αὐξάνω (auxanō) 'increase', and χρῶμα (chrōma) 'colour')
- 9. Auxochrome • An auxochrome is a functional group of atoms with one or more lone pairs of electrons when attached to a chromophore, alters both the wavelength and intensity of absorption. @DrBSK
- 10. • An auxochrome can be defined as any group which does not itself act as a chromophore but whose presence in a compound brings about a shift of the absorption band towards the red of the spectrum (i.e. longer wavelength) Benzene shows an absorption at 255nm whereas aniline absorbs at 280 nm. Thus amino group is an auxochrome
- 11. • There are mainly two types of auxochromes: • Acidic: −COOH, −OH, −SO3H • Basic: −NH2, −NHR, −NR2 @DrBSK
- 12. Effects on chromophore • It increases the color of any organic compound • Nitrobenzene is pale yellow colorbecause of the presence of a nitro group (−NO2) which acts as a chromophore. • But p-hydroxynitrobenzene exhibits a deep yellow color, in which the −OH group acts as an auxochrome. Here the auxochrome (−OH) is conjugated with the chromophore −NO2. • Similar behavior is seen in azobenzene which has a red color, but p- hydroxyazobenzene is dark red in color. @DrBSK