The document discusses UV spectroscopy and the different types of bands that can be observed. It explains that compounds with higher conjugation absorb at lower wavelengths due to a smaller energy gap between orbitals. Four main bands are described: K-band observed in conjugated double bonds with high intensity; R-band in carbonyl compounds with low intensity as it is a forbidden transition; B-band in aromatic/heteroaromatic compounds typically between 230-270nm; and E-band in benzenoid systems where benzene shows a strong band at 184nm.
This document discusses ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. It begins by defining spectroscopy and describing the electromagnetic radiation spectrum. It then focuses on UV-Vis spectroscopy, explaining that it involves electronic transitions in molecules caused by the absorption of ultraviolet or visible light. The major electronic transitions that can occur are defined, including σ → σ*, n → σ*, π → π*, and n → π* transitions. Factors that affect these transitions, such as conjugation, are also discussed. Real-world examples of molecular structures and the transitions they undergo are provided.
The document discusses various spectroscopic methods used in organic chemistry including UV-Visible, Infrared, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, and Mass Spectroscopy. It explains the basic principles of spectroscopy such as how electromagnetic radiation interacts with molecules by absorption or emission of energy. The document also provides details on the instrumentation used in spectroscopy including spectrophotometers and spectrographs.
The document discusses UV spectroscopy and the different types of bands that can be observed. It explains that compounds with higher conjugation absorb at lower wavelengths due to a smaller energy gap between orbitals. Four main bands are described: K-band observed in conjugated double bonds with high intensity; R-band in carbonyl compounds with low intensity as it is a forbidden transition; B-band in aromatic/heteroaromatic compounds typically between 230-270nm; and E-band in benzenoid systems where benzene shows a strong band at 184nm.
This document discusses ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. It begins by defining spectroscopy and describing the electromagnetic radiation spectrum. It then focuses on UV-Vis spectroscopy, explaining that it involves electronic transitions in molecules caused by the absorption of ultraviolet or visible light. The major electronic transitions that can occur are defined, including σ → σ*, n → σ*, π → π*, and n → π* transitions. Factors that affect these transitions, such as conjugation, are also discussed. Real-world examples of molecular structures and the transitions they undergo are provided.
The document discusses various spectroscopic methods used in organic chemistry including UV-Visible, Infrared, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, and Mass Spectroscopy. It explains the basic principles of spectroscopy such as how electromagnetic radiation interacts with molecules by absorption or emission of energy. The document also provides details on the instrumentation used in spectroscopy including spectrophotometers and spectrographs.
The document discusses green chemistry as a remedy for environmental pollution. It defines green chemistry as the generation of new products and processes that reduce or eliminate hazardous materials. The need for green chemistry is explained by new environmental problems, harmful side effects of some chemicals like DDT, and accidents. Advantages of green chemistry include being eco-friendly, energy efficient, producing less waste and safer products. The principles of green chemistry focus on preventing waste, improving atom economy in synthesis, using safer solvents and feedstocks, and designing for energy efficiency and degradation. Examples are given around safer chemical design and replacing hazardous solvents.
The document discusses chemistry problems and solutions presented by B.Sateesh Kumar, an assistant professor of chemistry at GDC(M)-SKLM. It includes 3 chemistry problems involving the products of reactions and Kumar's explanations of the major products formed. Specifically, it discusses hydrogenolysis to deprotect functional groups on amino acids, the reduction of an epoxide to an alcohol using LAH, and a two-step reaction sequence involving a Schmidt reaction and Boc protection.
DIBAL-H is a commercially available selective reducing agent that can reduce esters and nitriles to the corresponding aldehydes. It is prepared by heating triisobutylaluminum, which induces beta hydride elimination to form DIBAL-H and isobutene. DIBAL-H selectively reduces esters to aldehydes at low temperatures through a tetrahedral intermediate. Hydrolytic workup of this intermediate then yields the desired aldehyde products. The document provides an introduction to DIBAL-H including its preparation, applications in organic synthesis, and how it differs from other reducing agents like LiAlH4.
The document discusses sodium cyanoborohydride (NaBH3CN), including its preparation from sodium borohydride and hydrogen cyanide, properties such as being a less reactive reducing agent than sodium borohydride, solubility in solvents like THF and methanol, and ability to reduce protonated aldehydes and ketones at pH 3 but not neutral aldehydes and ketones. Main applications of sodium cyanoborohydride include its use as a reducing agent in organic synthesis reactions.
The document discusses green chemistry as a remedy for environmental pollution. It defines green chemistry as the generation of new products and processes that reduce or eliminate hazardous materials. The need for green chemistry is explained by new environmental problems, harmful side effects of some chemicals like DDT, and accidents. Advantages of green chemistry include being eco-friendly, energy efficient, producing less waste and safer products. The principles of green chemistry focus on preventing waste, improving atom economy in synthesis, using safer solvents and feedstocks, and designing for energy efficiency and degradation. Examples are given around safer chemical design and replacing hazardous solvents.
The document discusses chemistry problems and solutions presented by B.Sateesh Kumar, an assistant professor of chemistry at GDC(M)-SKLM. It includes 3 chemistry problems involving the products of reactions and Kumar's explanations of the major products formed. Specifically, it discusses hydrogenolysis to deprotect functional groups on amino acids, the reduction of an epoxide to an alcohol using LAH, and a two-step reaction sequence involving a Schmidt reaction and Boc protection.
DIBAL-H is a commercially available selective reducing agent that can reduce esters and nitriles to the corresponding aldehydes. It is prepared by heating triisobutylaluminum, which induces beta hydride elimination to form DIBAL-H and isobutene. DIBAL-H selectively reduces esters to aldehydes at low temperatures through a tetrahedral intermediate. Hydrolytic workup of this intermediate then yields the desired aldehyde products. The document provides an introduction to DIBAL-H including its preparation, applications in organic synthesis, and how it differs from other reducing agents like LiAlH4.
The document discusses sodium cyanoborohydride (NaBH3CN), including its preparation from sodium borohydride and hydrogen cyanide, properties such as being a less reactive reducing agent than sodium borohydride, solubility in solvents like THF and methanol, and ability to reduce protonated aldehydes and ketones at pH 3 but not neutral aldehydes and ketones. Main applications of sodium cyanoborohydride include its use as a reducing agent in organic synthesis reactions.
1. Coordination Chemistry-II
[PG Entrance Exam Q & A]
USEFUL TO III BSc
CHEMISTRY STUDENTS
Exams-IIT JAM
CU-CET
PG-CETS
CSIR-NET
B.SATEESH KUMAR
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR IN CHEMISTRY
GDC(M)-SKLM
2. 1. The number of ions formed in K4[Fe(CN)6] are
K4 [Fe (CN) 6] ఏర్పరిచే అయాన్ల సంఖ్య
(1) 11
(2) 5
(3) 4
(4) 9
B.SATEESH KUMAR , ASSISTANT PROFESSOR IN CHEMISTRY , GDC(M)-SKLM
3. 2. [Cu(NH3)4]2+ is complex which have
[Cu (NH3)4]2+ సంశ్లలష్టంగా ఉంట ంది
(1) Square planar structure and diamagnetic nature
(2) Tetrahedral structure and paramagnetic nature
(3) Square planar structure and paramagnetic nature
[సమతల చతుర్స్ర నిరాాణం మరియు పారా అయసాకంత సవభావం]
(4) Tetrahedral structure and diamagnetic behaviour
B.SATEESH KUMAR , ASSISTANT PROFESSOR IN CHEMISTRY , GDC(M)-SKLM
4. 3. Crystal field stabilization energy for high spin d4
octahedral complex is
[అధిక స్పపన్ d4 ఆక్ాట హెడ్రల్ క్ాంప్లలక్స్ యొకక సపటికక్షేతర
స్పిరీకర్ణ శక్త్ ]
1. -1.8Δo
2. -1.6Δo
3. -1.2Δo
4. -0.6Δo
B.SATEESH KUMAR , ASSISTANT PROFESSOR IN CHEMISTRY ,GDC(M)-SKLM
5. 4. EAN of Fe in K3[Fe(CN)6] is
K3[Fe (CN)6] లో Fe యొకక EAN విలువ
1. 34
2. 35
3. 36
4. 47
B.SATEESH KUMAR , ASSISTANT PROFESSOR IN CHEMISTRY , GDC(M)-SKLM
6. 5. Glycinato is a ligand
[గ్లలస్పనేటోఒక ఏ లిగాండ్]
(a) monodentate
(b) hexadentate
(c) bidentate
(d) tridentate
B.SATEESH KUMAR , ASSISTANT PROFESSOR IN CHEMISTRY , GDC(M)-SKLM
7. 6. An example of a sigma bonded organometallic
compound is
[స్పగాా బంధిత ఆరాా నోమెటాలిక్స సమమాళన్ం యొకక ఉదాహర్ణ]
(a) Ruthenocene (b) Grignard's reagent
[గ్రిగ్నార్డ్ కనరకం]
(c) Ferrocene (d) Cobaltocene
B.SATEESH KUMAR , ASSISTANT PROFESSOR IN CHEMISTRY , GDC(M)-SKLM
8. 7. The correct order of the stoichiometrics of AgCl
formed when AgNO3 in excess is treated with the
complexes:- CoCl3.6NH3, CoCl3.5NH3, CoCl3.4NH3
respectively is
[AgNO3 న్ు క్ాంప్లలక్స్లతో చిక్తత్ చేస్పన్ప్పపడ్ు ఏర్పడిన్ AgCl యొకక
సటట యిక్తయోమెటిరక్స్ యొకక సర్ైన్ కరమం: - CoCl3.6NH3, CoCl3.5NH3,
CoCl3.4NH3 వర్ుసగా]
(a)1 AgCl, 3 AgCl, 2 AgCl
(b) 3 AgCl, 1 AgCl, 2 AgCl
(c) 3 AgCl, 2 AgCl, 1 AgCl
(d) 2 AgCl, 3AgCl, 1 AgCl
9. 8. Which of the following has square planar structure?
[కంది వనటిలో సమతల చతురస్రం నిర్నాణం కిగగ్రదది?]
1. [NiCl4]2-
2. [Ni(CO)4]
3. [Ni(CN)4]2-
4. None of these[ఇవి ఏవి కనవు]
B.SATEESH KUMAR , ASSISTANT PROFESSOR IN CHEMISTRY , GDC(M)-SKLM
10. 9. Find Out of TiF2
−6, CoF3
−6, Cu2Cl2 and NiCl2
−4
(At. No. Z of Ti = 22, Co = 27, Cu = 29, Ni = 28), the
colourless species are
[క్తరంది వానిలో ర్ంగు లేని జతన్ు గురి్ంచండి]
(a) TiF2
−6 and CoF3
−6
(b) Cu2Cl2 and NiCl2
−4
(c) TiF2
−6 and Cu2Cl2
(d) CoF3
−6 and NiCl2
−4
B.SATEESH KUMAR , ASSISTANT PROFESSOR IN CHEMISTRY , GDC(M)-SKLM
11. 10. The correct increasing order of trans-effect of the
following species is
[క్తంది జాతుల టార న్్-ఎఫలక్సట యొకక సర్ైన్ ప్లర్ుగుతున్న
కరమం]
(a) NH3 > CN- > Br- > C6H5
-
(b) CN- > C6H5
- > Br- > NH3
(c) Br- > CN- >NH3 > C6H5
-
(d) CN- > Br- >C6H5
- >NH3
12. 11. Jahn-Teller effect is not observed in high spin
complexes of
[ఏ అధిక స్పపన్ సంశ్లిష్టం లో జాన్-టెలలర్ ప్రభావం
గమనించబడ్దు]
(a) d7
(b) d8
(c) d4
(d) d9
B.SATEESH KUMAR , ASSISTANT PROFESSOR IN CHEMISTRY , GDC(M)-SKLM
13. 12. The name of complex ion, [Fe(CN)6]3- is :-
[Fe (CN)6]3-సంశ్లలష్ట అయాన్ ప్ేర్ు
(a) hexacyanoiron (III) ion
(b) hexacyanitoferrate (III) ion
(c) tricyanoferrate (III) ion
(d) hexacyanidoferrate (III)ion
B.SATEESH KUMAR , ASSISTANT PROFESSOR IN CHEMISTRY , GDC(M)-SKLM
14. 13. Among the following complexes, the one which
shows zero crystal field stabilisation energy (CFSE) is
[క్తంది సంశ్లలష్టం లలో, సునాన సపటికక్షేతర స్పిరీకర్ణ శక్త్ ని
(CFSE) చూప్పంచేది ]
(a) [Mn(H2O)6]3+
(b) [Fe(H2O)6]3+
(c) [Co(H2O)6]2+
(d) [Co(H2O)6]3+
B.SATEESH KUMAR , ASSISTANT PROFESSOR IN CHEMISTRY , GDC(M)-SKLM
15. 14. Which of the following complexes is used to be as
an anticancer agent?
[ఈ క్తరంది ఏ సంశ్లిష్టం క్ాయన్్ర్ నిరోధకం గా
ఉప్యోగించబడ్ుతుంది?]
(a) mer-[Co(NH3)3Cl3 (b) Cis-[PtCI2(NH3)2]
(c) cis-K2[PtCl2 Br2] (d) Na2CoCl4
B.SATEESH KUMAR , ASSISTANT PROFESSOR IN CHEMISTRY , GDC(M)-SKLM