This is a quick overview on the hardware computer architecture. Slides can be used as an introductory session to programming classes or computer architecture courses.
basic organization of computer
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input unit
,
output unit
,
storage unit
,
arithmetic logic unit (alu)
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computer codes
,
computer for organization
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business communication
,
payroll system
,
management information system
The presentation given at MSBTE sponsored content updating program on 'PC Maintenance and Troubleshooting' for Diploma Engineering teachers of Maharashtra.
Venue: Government Polytechnic, Nashik
Date: 17/01/2011
Session-1: Introduction to Computers.
basic organization of computer
,
input unit
,
output unit
,
storage unit
,
arithmetic logic unit (alu)
,
computer codes
,
computer for organization
,
business communication
,
payroll system
,
management information system
The presentation given at MSBTE sponsored content updating program on 'PC Maintenance and Troubleshooting' for Diploma Engineering teachers of Maharashtra.
Venue: Government Polytechnic, Nashik
Date: 17/01/2011
Session-1: Introduction to Computers.
In computer engineering, computer architecture is a set of rules and methods that describe the functionality, organization, and implementation of computer systems. Some definitions of architecture define it as describing the capabilities and programming model of a computer but not a particular implementation.
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A peripheral device is defined as a computer device, such as a keyboard or printer, that is not part of the essential computer (i.e., the memory and microprocessor). These auxiliary devices are intended to be connected to the computer and used.
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In many I/O interfacing applications and certainly in data acquisation system. it is often necessary to transfer data to or from an interface at data rates higher than those possible using simple programmed I/O loops
In computer engineering, computer architecture is a set of rules and methods that describe the functionality, organization, and implementation of computer systems. Some definitions of architecture define it as describing the capabilities and programming model of a computer but not a particular implementation.
↓↓↓↓ Read More:
Watch my videos on snack here: --> --> http://sck.io/x-B1f0Iy
@ Kindly Follow my Instagram Page to discuss about your mental health problems-
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A peripheral device is defined as a computer device, such as a keyboard or printer, that is not part of the essential computer (i.e., the memory and microprocessor). These auxiliary devices are intended to be connected to the computer and used.
↓↓↓↓ Read More:
Watch my videos on snack here: --> --> http://sck.io/x-B1f0Iy
@ Kindly Follow my Instagram Page to discuss about your mental health problems-
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In many I/O interfacing applications and certainly in data acquisation system. it is often necessary to transfer data to or from an interface at data rates higher than those possible using simple programmed I/O loops
Introduction to Computer Hardware
Case
Power switch
Reset switch
Hard drive
Floppy
CD/DVD
Zip drive
Serial ports
Parallel port
USB port
Keyboard/mouse
Network card
Modem
Sound card
Video card
RAM
Motherboard
Bus
Fan
Cables
For Complete Learning: http://www.thelearnet.com/
What is an Operating System?
Mainframe Systems
Desktop Systems
Multiprocessor Systems
Distributed Systems
Clustered System
Real -Time Systems
Handheld Systems
Computing Environments
Advanced computer architecture lesson 1 and 2Ismail Mukiibi
An OS is a program that controls the execution of application programs and acts as an interface between the user of a computer and the computer hardware. .....................
For Complete Learning: http://www.thelearnet.com/
Computer System Operation
I/O Structure
Storage Structure
Storage Hierarchy
Hardware Protection
General System Architecture
C language computer introduction to the computer hardwareNIKHIL KRISHNA
C (/ˈsiː/, as in the letter c) is a general-purpose, imperative computer programming language, supporting structured programming, lexical variable scope and recursion, while a static type system prevents many unintended operations. By design, C provides constructs that map efficiently to typical machine instructions, and therefore it has found lasting use in applications that had formerly been coded in assembly language, including operating systems, as well as various application software for computers ranging from supercomputers to embedded systems.
C was originally developed by Dennis Ritchie between 1969 and 1973 at Bell Labs,[5] and used to re-implement the Unix operating system.[6] It has since become one of the most widely used programming languages of all time,[7][8] with C compilers from various vendors available for the majority of existing computer architectures and operating systems. C has been standardized by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) since 1989 (see ANSI C) and subsequently by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).
Computer fundamentals for Multimedia StudentsSEO SKills
Computer basics for Degree, Multimedia, inter and Faculty Members who is teaching in Colleges, Institutes and Online training.
for online training
https://www.seoskills.in
Essentiality of computer & computer tool in engineering1Lavanya V
Outline of the presentation: Introduction to computers, generation of computers, Essentiality of computers & Computer tool in Electronics & Communication Engineering.
Confirming dna replication origins of saccharomyces cerevisiae a deep learnin...Abdelrahman Hosny
In the past, the study of medicine used to focus on observing biological processes that take place in organisms, and based on these observations, biologists would make conclusions that translate into a better understanding of how organisms systems work. Recently, the approach has changed to a computational paradigm, where scientists try to model these biological processes as mathematical equations or statistical models. In this study, we have modeled an important activity of cell replication in a type of bacteria genome using different deep learning network models. Results from this research suggest that deep learning models have the potential to learn representations of DNA sequences, hence predicting cell behavior. Source code is available under MIT license at: http://abdelrahmanhosny.github.io/DL-Cerevesiae/
With massive amounts of computational power, machines can now recognize objects and translate speech in real time. Thanks to Deep Learning, Artificial Intelligence is now getting smart. Deep Learning models attempt to mimic the activity of the neocortex. It is understood that the activity of these layers of neurons is what constitutes a brain to be able to "think". These models learn to recognize patterns in digital representations of data in a very similar sense to humans. In this survey report, we introduce the most important concepts of Deep Learning along with the state of the art models that are now widely adopted in commercial products.
The words here describe how I teach and how I believe teachers should support the learning journey of young adults. The philosophy doesn't apply to kids teaching. I continuously improve my strategies to meet new generations needs.
Smartphones architecture is generally different from
common desktop architectures. It is limited by power, size and
cost of manufacturing with the goal to provide the best
experience for users in a minimum cost. Stemming from this
fact, modern micro-processors are designed with an
architecture that has three main components: an application
processor that executes the end user’s applications, a modem
responding to baseband radio activities, and peripheral devices
for interacting with the end user.
Parallelism
Multicores:
The Cortex A7 MPCore processor implements the ARMv7-A
architecture. The Cortex A7 MPCore processor has one to
four processors in a single multi-processor device. The
following figure shows an example configuration with four
processors [3].
In this paper, we are discussing the architecture of the
application processor of Apple iPhone. Specifically, Apple
iPhone uses ARM Cortex generation of processors as their
core. The following sections discusses this architecture in terms
of Instruction Set Architecture, Memory Hierarchy and
Parallelism.
Implementing a Caching Scheme for Media Streaming in a Proxy ServerAbdelrahman Hosny
In the past few years, websites have moved from being
static web pages into rich media applications that use audio,
images and videos heavily in their interaction with users. This
change has made a dramatic change in network traffics
nowadays. Organizations spend a lot of effort, time and money
to improve response time and design intermediary systems that
enhance overall user experience. Media traffic represents
about 69.9-88.8% of all traffic. Therefore, enhancing networks
to accommodate this large traffic is a major trend. Content
Distribution Networks (CDNs) are now largely deployed for a
faster delivery of media. Redundancy and caching are also
implemented to decrease response time.
In this project, we are implementing a caching scheme for
media streaming in a proxy server. Unlike CDNs, which
require huge infrastructure, our caching proxy server will be
as simple as a piece of software that is portable and can be
installed in small as well as large scales. It may be deployed in
a university network, company’s private network or on ISPs
servers. This caching scheme, specially tailored for media
streaming, will reduce traffic and enhance network efficiency
in general.
Index Terms – Proxy servers, Caching, Media streaming
One day, I was asked to present Microsoft Student Partner program and Microsoft Tech-Club at Assiut University. The problem was that the time allowed for me was ONLY 10 minutes. How can I present that amazing program in only 10 minutes and attract audience.
I thought for a while to find a new idea and here what I come up to.
Enjoy :D
See it in action: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k1H_Z0OcojM
This was a very good track to build your team. If you downloaded the presentation, note that it contained copyrighted material and I have removed it to free my responsibility for that mistake. Thanks for your understanding!
Note: Copyrighted materials are reserved for commercial use only. Don't use copyrighted material to make profit, or make hard copies of the item reserved.
This is a very quick grasp of marketing field. It will help people from engineering background to understand the role of marketing in the business area.
2.0 Introduction to Computer Science and ProgrammingAbdelrahman Hosny
This is an introduction to Computer Science and Programming for absolute beginners. Use these slides to start introducing some non-technical major students to the field of software development and computer programming.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Vaccine management system project report documentation..pdfKamal Acharya
The Division of Vaccine and Immunization is facing increasing difficulty monitoring vaccines and other commodities distribution once they have been distributed from the national stores. With the introduction of new vaccines, more challenges have been anticipated with this additions posing serious threat to the already over strained vaccine supply chain system in Kenya.
COLLEGE BUS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM PROJECT REPORT.pdfKamal Acharya
The College Bus Management system is completely developed by Visual Basic .NET Version. The application is connect with most secured database language MS SQL Server. The application is develop by using best combination of front-end and back-end languages. The application is totally design like flat user interface. This flat user interface is more attractive user interface in 2017. The application is gives more important to the system functionality. The application is to manage the student’s details, driver’s details, bus details, bus route details, bus fees details and more. The application has only one unit for admin. The admin can manage the entire application. The admin can login into the application by using username and password of the admin. The application is develop for big and small colleges. It is more user friendly for non-computer person. Even they can easily learn how to manage the application within hours. The application is more secure by the admin. The system will give an effective output for the VB.Net and SQL Server given as input to the system. The compiled java program given as input to the system, after scanning the program will generate different reports. The application generates the report for users. The admin can view and download the report of the data. The application deliver the excel format reports. Because, excel formatted reports is very easy to understand the income and expense of the college bus. This application is mainly develop for windows operating system users. In 2017, 73% of people enterprises are using windows operating system. So the application will easily install for all the windows operating system users. The application-developed size is very low. The application consumes very low space in disk. Therefore, the user can allocate very minimum local disk space for this application.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Democratizing Fuzzing at Scale by Abhishek Aryaabh.arya
Presented at NUS: Fuzzing and Software Security Summer School 2024
This keynote talks about the democratization of fuzzing at scale, highlighting the collaboration between open source communities, academia, and industry to advance the field of fuzzing. It delves into the history of fuzzing, the development of scalable fuzzing platforms, and the empowerment of community-driven research. The talk will further discuss recent advancements leveraging AI/ML and offer insights into the future evolution of the fuzzing landscape.
Event Management System Vb Net Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
In present era, the scopes of information technology growing with a very fast .We do not see any are untouched from this industry. The scope of information technology has become wider includes: Business and industry. Household Business, Communication, Education, Entertainment, Science, Medicine, Engineering, Distance Learning, Weather Forecasting. Carrier Searching and so on.
My project named “Event Management System” is software that store and maintained all events coordinated in college. It also helpful to print related reports. My project will help to record the events coordinated by faculties with their Name, Event subject, date & details in an efficient & effective ways.
In my system we have to make a system by which a user can record all events coordinated by a particular faculty. In our proposed system some more featured are added which differs it from the existing system such as security.
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1.0 Introduction to Hardware Computer Architecture
1. Introduction to Hardware
Computer Architecture
Abd El-Rahman Hosny Mohammed
Microsoft Student Partner.
4th Grade – Faculty of Computers and Information.
Computer Science Department.
Assiut University.
contact: abdelrahmanhosny.com
2. Agenda
- Life Before the Digital World.
- Logical Circuits.
- Integrated Circuits (ICs).
- Computer Hardware Components.
- Instruction Set Architecture level.
- Operating System Level.
- Higher-Order Language Level.
-2-abdelrahmanhosny.com
3. Life Before the Digital World
- The word “computer” was called to anybody or anything that carry out
calculations and computations.
- At late 19ths, the a “computer” was familiarized to any machine that
carries out calculations.
- Mechanical machines were developed to carry out calculations and
some fixed functions (not programmable).
- Programmability was introduced by the invention of “punched cards”.
- Mechanical computers could recognize the punched cards patterns.
-3-abdelrahmanhosny.com
4. - Punched cards as well as tapes were used to record data.
- This improvement was the foundation od modern information
processing industry.
- Scientific computing needs were met by analog and mechanical
computers. But they were inaccurate and not-programmable.
- Alan Turing conceptualizes the concept of computing in the “Turing
Machine”.
- A device that manipulates symbols on a strip of tape according to a
table of rules.
-4-abdelrahmanhosny.com
5. Turing Test
- It’s the ability of a computer to exhibit intelligent behavior.
- If we could make a computer-human conversation that is
indistinguishable from a human-human conversation, a machine is said
to have passed the test.
- Till now, no machine has passed the Turing test !!
- Now, the world is moving toward building a smart machine that acts
intelligently to human.
-5-abdelrahmanhosny.com
6. Logical Circuits
- With the invention of capacitors, the world began to become digital.
- The first computers were made up of tubes. They were really big in a
size of a room !!
-6-abdelrahmanhosny.com
7. - Discovering semiconductors was a great achievement that kicked-off
the computer world to what we can see today.
- Capacitors and transistors became very small.
- These components used for storing data as digital
signals.
- Digital signals are binary signals that represent
a 1 as a high-volt (5 v.) and a 0 as a low-volt (0 v.).
- A computer can store any data in the form of
a stream of 0s and 1s.
- So, binary encoding is used to convert any
decimal number into a binary one.
For Example: 75 is represented as 01001011.
-7-abdelrahmanhosny.com
8. Integrated Circuits
- We collect these small components in small chips which are called
Integrated Circuits.
- Small-Scale Integration (SSI): up to 100 electronic component per chip.
- Medium-Scale Integration (MSI): from 100 to 3,000 electronic
component per chip.
- Large-Scale Integration (LSI): from 3,000 to 100,000 electronic
component per chip.
- Ultra Large-Scale Integration (ULSI): more than 1 million electronic
component per circuit.
- These integrated circuits (ICs) are the components
of modern and future computers.
-8-abdelrahmanhosny.com
9. Computer Hardware
- Computer hardware are the physical parts that constitutes the machine.
- Through years, hardware architecture has evolved.
- The most common hardware architecture is the Von Neumann model.
- Let’s investigate each part.
-9-abdelrahmanhosny.com
CPUInput Output
Memory
10. -10-abdelrahmanhosny.com
CPUInput Output
Memory
- Keyboard (standard input).
- Mouse.
- Scanner.
- Web Cams.
- Touch Screen.
- Laser Pen.
:
:
And so on.
- Screen (standard output).
- Printers.
- Speakers.
:
:
And so on.
Drivers
These are the hardware
interfaces between
external devices and
the CPU.
12. -12-abdelrahmanhosny.com
CPUInput
Memory
Output
ALU
registersArithmetic & Logic Unit
- ALU is the heart of the computer. It’s responsible
for doing computations
(Add, Subtract, Multiply, …etc.).
- ALU can do these computations ONLY on the
values in the registers.
- Registers are much like memory locations
(Address-Value pairs), but have less access time.
13. -13-abdelrahmanhosny.com
Instruction Set Architecture Level
- Companies that manufacture CPUs must accompany it with the
instruction set that the ALU can perform.
- Instructions are assembly language keywords that perform a specific
action. For example, add two numbers.
- Let’s see an example:
14. -14-abdelrahmanhosny.com
Operating System Level
- The operating system is the KING of the computer kingdom.
- It’s a software level that manage the different hardware resources
using the instructions provided by the manufacturer of every device.
- It has too many functionalities, some of them are:
- Usually operating systems are developed using C/C++ and assembly
programming languages.
Program Execution
IO operations
File-System Manipulation.
Communications.
Error Detection.
Security.
15. -15-abdelrahmanhosny.com
Higher-Order Language Level.
- There are many high-level language that make the programming
task easier for developers.
- Examples: C++, Java, C#, …etc.
Why there are too many programming
languages ?
Why there are new emerging languages ?
But …