2. Challenges:
GRESASAW of the Indus Valley
Civilization
What are the similarities of among the
3 ancient civilizations?
Are there similarities between our way
of life now and the way of life of the
Indus Valley Civilization?
3. IMPORTANT REMINDER!!!
While Africa takes pride for having
produced one ancient civilization
which is that of Egypt’s Nile Valley,
Asia takes pride for having produced
not just 1 but 3 ANCIENT
CIVILIZATIONS (CRADLES OF
CIVILIZATION). This means that Asia
is the BIGGEST birthplace of OLDEST
CULTURES OF HUMANS.
6. QUESTIONS:
When did the Indus Valley Civilization
began?
Answer: 2700 B.C.E.
What are the name of the rivers of the
valley where the civilization rose up?
Answer: Indus and Ganges Rivers
Were there small villages existing
before the Indus Valley Civilization?
Answer: Yes
7. Mergarh
Existed during the Neolithic Period
Around 3500 BCE
somewhere west of the Indus River
(Baluchistan, now part of Pakistan)
The people in Mergarh engaged in
agriculture, sheep raising and making
cereals.
Their houses were made of clay
bricks.
8. MORE QUESTIONS
Which country/countries now
occupies/occupy the area of the Indus
Valley civilization?
Answer: Part of it is now in India and part
is in Pakistan (remember that Pakistan
used to be part of India as Bangladesh
used to be part of Pakistan).
Of the five excavated cities, which two
more interesting ancient cities were
excavated to prove Indus valley
civilization?
11. The city had two planned
areas: (1) At the western end of the site
is an area known as the Citadel.
This area of the city was built on
top of a mound of bricks almost
12 metres high. A large staircase
ran up the side of this mound.
Several large buildings and
structures on the Citadel mound
suggest that this area may have
been used for public
gatherings, religious activities
or important
administrative activities.
In the citadel, there you find the
rice granary, marketplace and
public bath.
12. (2) The city proper
which is lower in
elevation where the
house are the same
and built against the
street.
The streets are done
in grid pattern.
WELL
S
ROADS
PUBLIC BATHS
13. Unique feature of the Indus
Valley Civilization
The structure of the houses has one
or more toilets or toilet connected to a
centralized system.
Underground sewer pipes are said to
be planned and organized by a
centralized government .
17. History of Indus Valley
Civilization
Began around 2700 BCE
Harappa was established around 3300
BCE.
Farming and agriculture became the
main economic activity due to scarce
metal resources.
Trading with the Sumerian civilization
could have progressed along the
shores of the Arabian Sea and the
Persian Gulf.
18. History of the Indus Valley
Civilization
Most artifacts
unearthed were toys
indicating that the
Dravidians liked
entertainment and
loved to play
For a while,
archaeologists thought
that the cities of the
Indus Valley
Civilization were
populated by children
Their disappearance
remains a mystery due
to no traces of war
were evident
19. The lives of the people in Mohenjo-
Daro and Harappa:
1) AGRICULTURE was their main economic
activity.
2) They had irrigation systems.
3) They had pottery and jewelry making.
4) Houses were made of clay bricks.
5) Their leaders were priest-kings.
6) Their religion was animism and polytheism.
They worshipped many gods some of which
were animals like the very revered BULL.
7) Their social classes were the ruling class
who lived inside the citadels; the farmers and
traders lived outside citadels.
20. Possible Causes of
Disappearance:
Famine, hunger, drought
Ecological factors/Natural disasters
(flood, typhoon, earthquake, volcanic
eruption, etc.)
Plagues
Invasions by another civilization like
the Aryans
