Aksharica (अक्षरिका) is a Nepali Language Newsletter. Aksharica is made with a combination of two words “Akshar” and “America”. Akshar means “letter” in Nepali, thus goal of the Aksharica is to educate, inform, inspire, and empower the Nepali speaking community (Bhutanese and Nepalese) residing in America. Rajesh Koirala is working as an editor since it started on August 2010. This is 41st issue, published on December, 2012.

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yfxf kfpFb}g . of] Uof; -jfo'_
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aG5 .
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sf/, 6«sdf OGwg hNbf,
Uof;f]lngaf6 rNg] ;fgf
OlGhg rNbf, :6f]e,
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b'Vg', rSs/ nfUg', sdhf]/L
x'g', lbuldu x'g', jfGtf cfpg',
5ftL b'Vg' / sNofª–dNofª
x'g' cflb x'g .
hf8f] xf]; jf h]g]/]6/ rnfpg]
cj:yf cfcf];, sfa{g df]gf]–
cS;fO8sf] gfd af/Daf/
;'lgG5 . cflv/ of] s]
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ljifoaf/] oxfF n]lvPsf] 5 .
a9L dfqfdf sfa{g df]gf]–
cS;fO8 z/L/df hfgfn]
a]xf]; x'g] / d[To' x'g] x'G5 .
oxL Uof;n] g} k|efljt kf/]
sf] :ki6 gx'Fbf w]/}nfO{ cK7
of/f] k5{ . lsgeg] o:tf
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nIf0fx? yfxf gkfpFb} d[To'
klg x'g;S5 .
s;/L k|efljt kf5{ <
/utn] d'6'af6 clS;hg
Uof; lnG5 / ljleGg c+udf
k'¥ofpF5 . t/ ToxL /ftf]
/utn] clS;hgsf 7fpFdf
sfa{g df]gf]cS;fO8 kfof] eg]
sfa{g df]gf]cS;fO8nfO{ rfF8f]
l6K5 / n}hfG5 .
xfd|f] j/k/ a9L sfa{g
df]gf]cS;fO8 5 eg] d'vaf6
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leq hfG5 . clg of] Uof;n]
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xfd|f tGt' d5{g / d[To' x'G5 .
s;nfO{ k|efljt kf5{ <
o;n] dflg; / ;a} vfnsf
hLjnfO{ k|efljt kf5{ . o;n]
gfgL, d'6'sf bL3{/f]uL,
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u5{ . of] Uof;sf sf/0f
cd]l/sfdf jif]{lg $ ;osf]
d[To' x'G5 . sl/a @) xhf/
c:ktfn k'U5g / $ xhf/
eGbf a9L egf{ x'G5g .
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3/df k]6«f]lnodsf cfwfl/t
OGwg, t]n jf sf]Onfn] 3/ jf
kfgL ttfpg] u/]sf] eP, o:tf
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l;kfn' 6]lSgl;ognfO{ dd{t
u/fpg'k5{ .
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w'Fjf cfpFb}g, To:tf] lx6/ aGb
sf]7fdf gafNg'xf]; . OGwg
afn]/ logn] sfa{g
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l;kfn' 6]lSgl;ognfO{
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k|of]u ul/g] s'g} pks/0f
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lbPsf ;+:yfsf] lrGx–c+lst
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2. @
@)!@l8;]]Da/,jif{#c+s$!
/fi6«klt af/fs cf]afdf
af/fs cf]afdf bf];|f]k6s
cd]l/sfsf] /fi6«klt lgjf{lrt
x'g'ePsf] 5 . Ps JolStn]
b'O{ sfo{sfn -$–$ jif{_
/fi6«klt x'g ldN5 . pxfF
;g @))* df klxnf]k6s
lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf] lyof] .
pxf“sf] k"/f gfd af/fs
x';]g cf]afdf xf] . pxfF
s]GofnL -clk|msf dxfb]zsf]
s]Gof gfds b]zsf gful/s_
lktf / cd]l/sL dftfsf k'q
x'g'x'G5 . cf]afdf cd]l/sfsf]
klxnf] cZj]t /fi6«klt
x'g'x'G5 . of] r'gfjdf
cf]afdfn] # ;o #@ On]S6f]/n
dt kfpg'eof] eg] eg] ljkIfL
ld§ /f]DgLsf] kIfdf @ ;o ^
On]S6f]/n dt k/]sf] lyof] .
/fi6«klt cf]afdfsf] hGd
;g !(^! cu:t $ df
ePsf] xf] . /fi6«klt cf]afdfn]
cfp“bf] hgj/L @) b]lv bf];|f]
sfo{sfn z'? ug'{x'g]5 .
;g @))* df /fi6«klt
x'g'cl3 pxf“ Olngf]o
/fHoaf6 l;g]6/ x'g'x'GYof] .
8]df]qmofl6s kf6L{ (Demo-
cratic Party) sf tkm{af6
/fi6«klt ag]sf cf]afdfn]
sf]nlDaof o'lgel;{6L / xfe{8{
n :s'ndf k9g'ePsf] 5 .
cf]afdfsf] hGd xjfO{
(Hawaii) /fHodf ePsf] xf] .
pxf“sf lktf af/fs x':;]g
cf]afdf l;lgo/ (Barack
Obama, Sr.) / dftfsf] gfd
:6ofgn] PGg 8Gxfd (Stanley
Ann Dunham) xf] .
af/fs b'O{ jif{sf] ePkl5
pxfFsf lktf / dftfn] 5'§f5'§}
a:g] lgwf] ug'{eof] . To;kl5
af/fssf lktf s]Gof kms{g'–
eof] . cfdfn] OG8f]g]l;ofsf
nf]nf] ;f]o6f]/f] (Lolo Soetoro)
;“u ;g !(^% df ljjfx
ug'{eof] . af/fs klg cfdfsf]
kl/jf/;“u OG8f]g]l;of
hfg'eof] .
hGd]sf] Ps dlxgfdf 5f8]/
uPsf afa';“u cf]afdf cln
7"nf] ePkl5 Ps k6s dfq
e]6 ePsf] lyof] . af/fssf
hGdlbg] lktfsf] ;g !(*@
df b'3{6gfdf lgwg eof] .
af/fs bz jif{sf]
x'Gh]n OG8f]g]l;ofd} a:g'eof] .
To;kl5 cfdfkl§sf xh'/a'af
:6ofgn] (Stanley Dunham)
/ xh'/cfdf d]8lng (Mad-
elyn) ;“u a:g xf]gf]n'n',
xjfO{ /fHo kms{g'eof] . pxf“
;g !(&! df k'gfxf} :s'n
(Punahou School) df sIff %
df egf{ x'g'eof] . ;g !(&(
df :gfts tx -aLPa/fa/_
;Sg'eof] .
af/fssL cfdf ;g !(&@
df xjfO{ kms{g'eof] . ;g
!(&& ;Dd ToxLF a;]/
OG8f]g]l;of kms{g'eof] .
OG8f]g]l;ofdf pxf“ dflg;sf]
pTklQ / ;fdflhs ;DaGwaf/]
cWoog ug'{x'GYof] . To;kl5sf]
af“sL ;do PGgn] OG8f]g]l;ofd}
latfpg'eof] . ;g !(($ df
xjfO{ t kms{g'eof] . Ps jif{
glaTb} pxf“sf] lgwg eof] .
cf]afdfn] ;g !((@ df
ld;]n (Michelle) ;“u ljjfx
ug'{eof] . pxf“x¿sf b'O{
5f]/L– dflnof -Malia, hGd–
;g !((*_ / ;fzf -Sasha,
hGd– ;g @))!_ 5g .
cf]afdfsf] jfNosfnsf w]/}
lbg xh'/cfdf;“u laTof] . pxf“
hLjgdf ;aeGbf a9L glhs
klg xh'/cfdfs} x'g'x'GYof] .
t/ pxf“ klxnf]k6s /fi6«klt
ePsf] va/ ;'Gg b'O{ lbg
af“sL x'“bf xh'/cfdfsf] lgwg
eof] . …s;/L ;kgf b]Vg] /
s8f kl/>d ug]{ eGg]
d}n] cfdf / xh'/cfdfaf6
l;s]sf] x'“,Ú eGg] cf]afdfn]
xh'/cfdf–xh'/a'af b'j} hgf
cfˆgf] hLjgsf] …ky k|bz{sÚ
ePsf] atfpg'x'G5 .
;w}+ xf“l;/xg] cf]afdfsf]
gfddf x':;]g eP klg pxf“
O;fO wd{ dfGg'x'G5 . :s'n]
hLjgdf cf]afdf af:s]6ansf]
/fd|f] v]nf8L x'g'x'GYof] . cem}
klg /fd|f] v]Ng'x'G5 . ;fgf]
x'Fbf …a]/LÚ eg]/ lrlgg]
cf]afdfn] s]xL k':ts klg
n]Vg'ePsf] 5 .
w w
‘s;/L ;kgf b]Vg] / s8f
kl/>d ug]{ eGg]
d}n] cfdf / xh'/cfdfaf6
l;s]sf] x'“,’ cf]afdf
eGg'x'G5 . pxfF dfdf3/
sf xh'/cfdf–xh'/a'af b'j}
nfO{ cfˆgf] ‘ky k|bz{s’
dfGg'x'G5 .
w w
dfwju'?ª
On]S6f]/n sn]h eg]sf] s] xf] < k[i7 # df

3. #@)!@l8;]]Da/,jif{#c+s$!
• cd]l/sf a:g] hf]sf]xL
g]kfnL–efifLsf nflu pkof]uL .
• g]kfnL / c+u|]hL efiffdf
;fdu|L ePsf] .
• !( cWofodf # ;o $)
hLjgf]kof]uL ;fdu|L .
• d"No !$ 8n/ .
lstfa rflxPdf M
http://gyanjyotikendra.org
df uP/ ‘k':tssf] dfu’ jf
Order Books df lSns
ug'{xf]; . qm]l86÷8]la6–sf8{ jf
r]sdfkm{t lstfa kfpg] tl/sf
pNn]v 5 .
cd]l/sfdf
a;f]af;
lah'nLsf] j/k/ ;'/lIft /xf}+
• lah'nLsf] tf/ hf]l8Psf vDaf / tf/x? ePsf 7fpF j/k/
rªuf jf ;fgf v]nf}gf ljdfgx? gp8fcf}+ .
• lah'nLsf] tf/ hf]l8Psf vDaf / tf/x? ePsf 7fpF
j/k/sf ?v gr9f}+ .
• Pp6} tf/df w]/} pks/0fx? ghf]8f}+ .
• lah'nLsf] ;a–:6];g / pks/0fx?af6 6f9} a;f}+ .
• lah'nLsf tf/x? r'l8Psf b]lvP, 6f9} a;f}+ / ;xof]usf
nflu kmf]g u/f}+ .
• lah'nL / kfgL gldnfcf}+ . kfgL ePglhs ljB't
pks/0fx?sf] k|of]u gu/f}+ .
• lah'nLsf vDaf / 6fj/x?df gr9f}+ .
cd]l/sL /fi6«klt rogsf nflu
gf]e]Da/ ^ -gf]e]Da/sf] klxnf]
;f]daf/kl5sf] klxnf] d+unaf/_
sf] lgjf{rg clGtd xf]Og .
of] lgjf{rgdf v;]sf] dt jf
hgtfn] xfn]sf] dtnfO{ …kk'n/
ef]6Ú (Popular vote) elgG5 .
kk'n/ ef]6n] s'g bnn] slt
dt kfof] eGg] :ki6 u5{ .
ToxL dtsf cfwf/df /fi6«klt
s'g bnsf r'lgP eGg] klg
x'G5 .
/fi6«kltsf] rogsf nflu
agfOPsf] x'G5– On]S6f]/n
sn]h (Electoral College) .
On]S6f]/n sn]hsf ;b:onfO{
On]S6f]/ (Elector) elgG5 .
On]S6f]/x¿sf] rog /fHolkR5]
/fhgLlts sfo{stf{ / kf6L{
;b:on] u5{g .
cd]l/sfsf] dflyNnf] / tNnf]
;bgdf hDdf x'g] ;b:o ;+Vof
a/fa/ % ;o #% df …l8l:6«S6
ckm sf]nlDaofÚ (DC) af6 #
u/L x'g] % ;o #* g}
On]S6f]/n sn]h ;b:o ;+Vof
On]S6f]/n sn]h
xf] . :d/0f/xf];, dflyNnf] ;bg
l;g]6 (Senate) df ! ;o /
tNnf] ;bg– xfp; ckm
l/k|h]G6]l6e (House of Repre-
sentative) df $ ;o #% ;b:o
x'G5g .
pSt sn]hsf] lgdf{0f eg]
;f+;b rog u/]h:tf] x'“b}g /
s'g} ;f+;b g} o; sn]hdf
x'g'k5{ eGg] 5}g . ;+Vofsf
lx;fan] ldn]h:tf] xf] . ;+;b /
o; sn]haLr ;DaGw x'“b}g .
/fi6«klt lgjf{rgsf a]nf
s'g} /fHodf v;]sf] dtsf]
;aeGbf a9L dt h'g
pDd]bjf/sf] kIfdf hfG5, To;
/fHosf] ;a} On]S6f]/ dt
p;}sf] kIfdf ulgG5 .
o;k6s Soflnkmf]lg{ofdf
v;]sf] s"n dtdWo] w]/}
/fi6«klt cf]afdfsf kIfdf, sd
ueg{/ /f]DgLsf kIfdf
uof] . To; /fHosf] %%
On]S6f]/sf] dt klg cf]afdfs}
kIfdf uof] . /f]DgLsf kIfdf
z'Go dt eof] . ;a} /fHosf]
On]S6f]/sf] dt hf]8]/ h;n] @
;o &) jf ;f]eGbf a9L
On]S6f]/ ;+Vof cfˆgf] kIfdf
kf5{, pm g} /fi6«klt kbsf
nflu ljhoL 7x5{ .
sn]hsf] lgjf{rg
lgjf{rgs} jif{sf] l8;]Da/sf]
bf];|f] a'waf/kl5sf] klxnf]
;f]daf/ % ;o #* On]S6f]/n]
/fi6«klt 5fGg] lgjf{rgdf efu
lng'kg]{ x'G5 . To; lgjf{rgdf
h;sf] ljho x'G5, p g}
cd]l/sfsf] /fi6«klt x'G5 . o;
jif{ of] dtbfg l8;]Da/ !& df
x'Fb}5 . gf]e]Da/df ljhoL
pDd]bjf/ l8;]Da/df k/flht
klg x'g;S5 . t/ o:tf]
Psk6s dfq ePsf] 5 .
kids.gov,USA.gov&KSA/fh]zsf]O/fnf

4. Gyan Jyoti Kendra, 49 Lane Road, Chichester, NH 03258, Email : aksharica.communication@gmail.com
Website : www.aksharica.com, Editor : Rajesh Koirala, Co-ordinator : Tara Acharya, Managing Director : Sattan Acharya
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c+u|]hLdf ;fwf/0f af]nrfn ug{ sl/a # xhf/ zAb eP k'U5, tLdWo]sf] P3f/f}+ ;"rLM
efu !!
c+u|]hL zAb ;"rL -11_
• as well (as) : tyf, ;fy}, of]
klg .
• ash : v/fgL, vfs, e:d .
• ashamed : nlHht, ;+s'lrt,
nHhdfg, zld{Gbf, nfh–dg'{
ePsf] .
• Asia : Plzof -ljZjsf ;ft
dxfb]zdWo] g]kfn, e"6fg, ef/t
cflb b]z ePsf] Ps dxfb]z_ .
• aside : cnUu}, Psfkl§, kfvf,
Psflt/ .
• aside from : ckjfb, afx]s .
• ask : ;f]Wg', dfUg', k|fy{gf ug'{,
ofrgf ug'{ .
• asleep : lgbfPsf], ;'t]sf],
;'snf, lglb|t .
• aspect : ?v, efj, ?k,
cfsf/, cfs[lt, b[li6sf]0f,
kIf .
• assist : ;3fpg', u'xf/L lbg',
;xfotf ug'{, ;xfotf lbg',
d2t ug'{ .
• assistance : ;xf/f, d2t,
u'xf/, ;xfotf .
• assistant : ;xfos, ;xfotf
ug]{ cfkm" tnsf] JolQm .
• associate : ;fyL, ;+uL,
;xof]uL, ldNg', ;fy lbg',
nxl;g', ;+ut ug'{, ;+nUg x'g' .
• associated with : ;Fu
;DalGwt, ;Fu cfj4 .
• association : ;+;u{, ;Dks{,
;+nUgtf, ;+36g, ;+sng
-lgod_, ;+:yf, d08nL, ;ef,
n;k;, ;dfh, ;dfud, ;+of]u,
;xtf, ;“u, nufj .
• assume : sNkgf ug'{, cg'dfg
ug'{, wf/0f ug'{, axfn ug'{ .
• assure : cfZj:t ug'{, e/f];f
lbnfpg', lgZro u/fpg',
@)!@l8;]]Da/,jif{#c+s$!
k|tLt u/fpg', aLdf ug'{, cfwf/
lbnfpg' .
• astronaut : cGtl/If–ofqL .
• astronomy : gIfqljBf,
vuf]nljBf, Hof]ltif–zf:q.
• asylum : cf>o, z/0f .
• at : df, dfly, af6, sL .
• at first : ;'?df, ;aeGbf
klxn], klxn] .
• at least : sDtLdf, sd ;]
sd .
• ate : vfof] -vfg' lqmofsf]
e"tsfn_
• Atlantic : cfGw| -dxf;fu/sf]
gfd_, P6nflG6s .
• atmosphere : jfo'd08n,
k[YjLsf] j/Lk/L /x]sf] jfo'sf]
tx, jfo', cfsfz, jftfj/0f .
• atom : k/df0f', s0f .
qmdzM
la6 dfbf{dfb}{
lgjf{rg ;lsP klg=====
/fi6«klt lgjf{rg ;lsPkl5
kl/0ffdsf ljifodf yf]/} n]Vg'
cfjZos 7flgof] . kl/0ffd /
/fi6«klt rogsf] csf]{ Pp6f
dxTjk"0f{ sbdsf] rrf{ plQs}
h?/L eof] . To;}n] o;k6s
/fi6«klt af/fs cf]afdfn] s;/L
lhTg'eof] < pxfFsf] hLjgL s:tf]
5 <
gf]e]Da/ ^ kl5 csf]{ k|lqmof 5,
h;af6 /fi6«klt lgjf{rgsf] sfo{
k"/f x'G5 . h;nfO{ …On]S6f]/n
sn]hÚ sf] lgjf{rg elgG5 .
xfdLn] To;nfO{ 5n{ª kfg]{ sf]lz;
u/]sf 5f}+ . ;fydf r'gfjdf efu
lng kfpg] clwsf/ ePsf
gful/sn] c¿ s:tf
clwsf/ k|of]u u5{g, ToxL k|Zg–
pQ/ o;k6s .
wGojfb
gful/s k/LIff (Civic Test) sf]
k':tssf yk k|Zg–pQ/ M
!= cd]l/sLx¿ s'g b'O{ tl/sfaf6
pgLx¿sf] cfgf] k|hftGqdf ;fd]n
x'G5g < (What are two ways
that Americans can partici-
pate in their democracy ?)
• dtbfg u/]/ (vote)
• s'g} Ps /fhgLlts bndf
;xefuL eP/
(join a political party)
• r'gfjL cleofgdf
;xof]u u/]/
(help with a campaign)
• gful/s ;d"xdf ;xefuL
eP/ (join a civic group)
• ;fd'bflos ;d"xdf
;xefuL eP/
cd]l/sL k|hftGqsf
gful/ssf] bfloTj
(join a community group)
• lgjf{lrt k|ltlglwnfO{ s'g}
ljifodf cfˆgf] ljrf/
k|:t't u/]/
(give an elected official your
opinion on an issue)
• l;g]6/x? / k|ltlglw;ef
;b:ox?nfO{ cfXjfg u/]/
(call Senators and
Representatives)
• s'g} dfdnf jf gLltnfO{
v'nf ?kdf ;dy{g jf
lj/f]w u/]/
(publicly support or oppose an
issue or policy)
• s'g} ;fj{hlgs kbdf pDd]b/
jf/L lbP/ (run for office)
• kqklqsfdf n]v]/
(write to a newspaper)
gful/sn] ;d'bfodf
;lqmo e"ldsf lgjf{x ug{
;S5g . ha cd]l/sL gful/s
/fhgLlts k|lqmofdf cfkm"nfO{
;xefuL u/fpF5g, ta dfq
cd]l/sL k|hftGq hLljt /
alnof] /xG5 . gful/sn]
k|hftGqdf ;xefuL x'g] ljleGg
tl/sf 5g . pgLx?n]
cd]l/sf cfPsf gjcfuGt'snfO{
c+u|]hL / gful/s–zf:q
k9fpg ;S5g . cfˆgf
gfgLx?sf nflu …cleefjs–
lzIfs ;+u7gÚdf cfˆgf]
;xeflutf hgfpg ;S5g .
:yfgLo :s"nsf] af]8{ ;ldltsf]
kbflwsf/Lsf] pDd]bjf/L lbg
;S5g . dtbfg x'g] lbg
dtbfg–s]Gb|df :jo+;]jssf
?kdf sfd ug{ ;S5g . oL
afx]s dfly n]lvPsf sfd,
st{Jo lgjf{x ug{ ;S5g .