Aksharica (अक्षरिका) is a Nepali Language Newsletter. Aksharica is made with a combination of two words “Akshar” and “America”. Akshar means “letter” in Nepali, thus goal of the Aksharica is to educate, inform, inspire, and empower the Nepali speaking community (Bhutanese and Nepalese) residing in America. Rajesh Koirala is working as an editor since it started on August 2010. This is 40th issue, published on November, 2012.

1. o; c+sdf s] s] <
g ^! xhf/ e"6fgL============@
g /]lk|mlh/]6/ vl/b=============@
g d x'F=================================#
g km;L{sf s'/f====================#
g rNtLsf c+u]|hL zAb====$
g c+s–1fg===========================$
g gful/s k|Zg–pQ/===========$
@)!@ gf]e]Da/
jif{ # c+s $)
gf]e]Da/sf] rf}yf] lalxjf/
cd]l/sfdf YofÍ;luleª
(Thanksgiving) dgfOG5 . ;g
!*^# b]lv cf}krfl/s kj{
ag]sf] YofÍ;luleª ;fj{hlgs
labfsf] lbg -o; jif{
gf]e]Da/ @@_ xf] . YofÍ;–
luleª b'O{ 7"nf kj{x?–
lqm;d; (Christmas) / gofF
jif{ (New Year) s}
xf/fxf/Lsf] kj{ xf] . of] kj{
kl/jf/, Oi6ldq / ;fyLefO{sf]
e]63f6 ug]{ kj{ klg xf] .
s;/L dgfpg yflnof] <
klxnf] YofÍ;luleª ;g
!^@! df dgfOPsf] Oltxf;
5 . cd]l/sfdf oxfFsf /}yfg]
cd]l/sLx? (Native Ameri-
cans) dfq a:y] . ;g !^@!
cl3 o'/f]kaf6 s]xL dflg;
oxfF cfP . tL cfuGt'sn],
…cfkm"nfO{ gofF ;'/lIft
;+;f/df NofOk'¥ofPsf]df O{Zj/
k|lt wGojfb–1fkg ug{Ú klxnf]
YofÍ;luleª # lbg dgfOof] .
klxnf] YofÍ;luleªdf %#
cfuGt's / () /}yfg]
cd]l/sL lyP . pgLx?n]
cfkm"nfO{ k'Ug] vfgf h'6fPsf
lyP . vfgfdf ljleGg hftsf
‘Yof°;luleª 8]’ gf]e]Da/
dlxgfsf] rf}yf] lalxjf/
dgfOG5 . /fi6«klt ca|fxd
lnªsgn] of] kj{nfO{
cf}krfl/s ¿kdf dgfpg]
k/Dk/f a;fNg'–
eof] . t/ ;g !(#( kl5
dfq of] /fli6«o kj{ aGof] .
df5f, l;kL ePsf] hn–hGt'
-3'FuL, lemFu]df5f cflb_, h+unL
r/f -xfF;, 6sL{ cflb_, d[usf]
df;', kmnkm"n, t/sf/L -s]/fp,
km;L{, ;v/v08, Kofh_, ux'F,
hf}F, ds} cflb lyof] .
pgLx¿ lsg cfP <
o'/f]k]nLx? wfld{s
:jtGqtfsf] vf]hLdf ToxfFaf6
lxF8]sf lyP . klxn] pgLx?
lgb/NofG8; (Netherlands)
uP . clg cfˆgf] pklgj]z
agfpg pgLx? ;g !^@) df
pQ/ cd]l/sf cfP . pgLx?
cfPsf] Tof] 7fpF df;fr';]6;
(Massachusetts) /fHosf]
lKnldy (Plymouth) sf gfdn]
lrlgG5 .
pgLx?sf] ;fd'lb|s–ofqf
sl7g lyof] . cd]l/sf cfO–
k'u]sf] klxnf] dlxgf klg
plQs} sl7g /Xof] . sl/a
Ps ;o o'/f]k]nL z/b Ct'
;lsP/ hf8f] z'? x'g]
a]nfdf oxfF cfOk'u]sf lyP .
hf8f] z'? eof], cfwf dflg;sf]
Hofg lr;f]n] nUof] .
ha j;Gt Ct' cfof],
pgLx?n] afnLgfnL nufP .
:SjfG6f] (Squanto) gfdsf Ps
/}yfg] cd]l/sLn] pgLx?nfO{
d2t u/] . udL{ ;lsof], ds} /
hf}F /fd|/L plAhof] . hf8f]nfO{
k'Ug] vfgf eof] . pgLx? v';L
eP/ YofÍ;luleª dgfpg]
lg0f{o u/] .
pgLx?sf cu'jf ljlnod
a|f8kmf]8{ (William Bradford) n]
kj{sf] ldlt to u/] . glhs}
a:g] /}yfg] cd]l/sLx?nfO{
klg af]nfP .
o'/f]kaf6 dfG5] cfpFb} ubf{
a:tL aflSnb} uof] / YofÍ;–
luleª Jofkstf eof] .
kj{nfO{ cf}krfl/stf
Toltcl3 b]lv dgfPsf] eP
klg of] kj{ cf}krfl/s kj{
lyPg . ;g !*@) df ;/fx
hf];]kmf x]n (Sarah Josepha
Hale) gfdsL n]lvsfn] of]
kj{nfO{ cf}krfl/s kj{
agfpg cfjfh p7fOg . ;g
!*^# df cd]l/sfdf pQ/ /
blIf0fsf /fHox?aLr u[xo'4
rln/x]sf] lyof] . /fi6«klt
ca|fxd lnªsg (Abraham
Lincoln) n] o;nfO{ cf}krfl/s
kj{sf ?kdf /fli6«o lbj;
-To;a]nf gf]e]Da/ @^_
3f]if0ff ug'{eof] . To;kl5
w]/} /fi6«kltsf kfnf;Dd o;
kj{nfO{ gf]e]Da/sf] clGtd
lalxjf/ dgfOof] .
;g !(#( df /fi6«klt
ˆ|ofªslng 8L= ?ha]N6
(Franklin D. Roosevelt) n] of]
kj{ kfFrf}+ lalxjf/sf] ;§f
rf}yf] lalxjf/ dgfpg] 3f]if0ff
ug'{eof] . To;kl5 of] rf}yf]
lalxjf/ g} sfod 5 .
Yof°;luleªsf] Oltxf;

2. @
of] cfly{s jif{df cd]l/sfdf !% xhf/ &)
e"6fgL z/0ffyL{sf] k'g:yf{kgf ePsf] 5 .
cd]l/sL cfly{s jif{ cS6f]a/ ! df z'?
eO{ ;]K6]Da/ #) df ;lsG5 . kl5Nnf]
cfly{s jif{ ;g @)!! cS6f]a/ ! df z'?
eP/ ;g @)!@ ;]K6]Da/ #! df ;lsof] .
s'g dlxgf slt <
;g @)!! cS6f]a/kl5sf !@ dlxgfdf
o;/L k'g:yf{kgf ePsf] 5 M
• ;g @)!! M
cS6f]a/ – ( ;o @%
gf]e]Da/ – ! xhf/ $^
l8;]Da/ – ( ;o *)
• ;g @)!@ M
hgj/L – ( ;o *)
km]a|'c/L – ! xhf/ @ ;o !%
dfr{ – & ;o (@
clk|n – ! xhf/ @ ;o *)
d] – ! xhf/ $ ;o &!
h'g – ! xhf/ # ;o *$
h'nfO{ – ! xhf/ % ;o #@
cu:t – ! xhf/ ( ;o %*
;]K6]Da/ – ! xhf/ % ;o &
cd]l/sfdf of] cfly{s jif{df !% xhf/ &)
e"6fgL k'g:yf{lkt, ca hDdf ^! xhf/ ! ;o *$ hgf
w w
cd]l/sfdf g]kfnL–efifL
e"6fgL ;+Vof ^! xhf/ !
;o *$ ePsf] 5 .
cfly{s jif{ @)!!÷@)!@ df
dfq !% xhf/ &) hgf
cd]l/sf cfpg'eof] .
w w
@)!@gf]e]Da/,jif{#c+s$)
s"n ;+Vof slt eof] <
;g @))* z'?b]lv cd]l/sfnufot ljZjsf
cGo * d'n'sdf e"6fgL z/0ffyL{ k'g:yf{kgf
yflnPsf] xf] . ;a}eGbf a9L -sl/a *&
k|ltzt_ cd]l/sfdf k'g:yf{kgf ePsf] 5 .
;g @)!@ ;]K6]Da/ #! ;Dd cd]l/sfdf
s"n ;+Vof ^! xhf/ ! ;o *$ k'u]sf] 5 .
s'g jif{ slt <
;g @))* b]lv ;g @)!@ M
• ;g @))* M % xhf/ #@)
• ;g @))( M !# xhf/ $#@
• ;g @)!) M !@ xhf/ #^#
• ;g @)!! M !$ xhf/ (((
• ;g @)!@ M !% xhf/ &)
o; jif{sf] bz}+df l6sf nufPkl5 o'6f /fHosf] ;fN6
n]s l;6Ldf tl:a/ lvrfp“b} g]kfnL–efifL e"6fgL 3g b'nfn
-k5f8L plePsfdWo] ;aeGbf cUnf]_ sf ;fy cGo .
tl:a/ M b'nfn kl/jf/
/]lk|mlh/]6/
vl/bsf nflu
kf“r 1fg
lr;f]df /fVbf ;'/lIft /xg]
vfBfGgsf nflu /]lk|mlh/]6/
cTofjZos x'G5 . 3/ef8fdf
lnFbf ;a}h;f] 7fpFdf
/]lk|mlh/]6/ aGbf]a:t ul/Psf]
x'G5 . t/ cfkm}+n] vl/b ug'{–
k/]df eg] o:tf s'/fdf Wofg
lbg'k5{ M
• lah'nL vr{ M 3/df nfUg]
s"n lah'nL vr{sf] sl/a *
k|ltzt /]lk|mlh/]6/sf nflu
nfU5 . To;}n] /]lk|mlh/]6/n]
slt lah'nL vkt u5{ eGg]
a'‰g h?/L x'G5 . cd]l/sfdf
a]lrg] /]lk|mlh/]6/x?df To;n]
vkt ug]{ lah'nL hfFRg ;lsg]
pkfo lbOPsf] x'G5 . o:tf]
hfFRgsf nflu energystar.gov
df klg x]g{ ;lsG5 .
• Ifdtf M /]lk|mlh/]6/df slt
;fdfg c6fpF5 eGg] dxÎjk"0f{
x'G5 . of] So'las lkm6df
n]lvPsf] x'G5 . of] So'las
lkm6df /]lk|mlh/]6/sf s]xL
efusf] gfk ;dfj]z x'Gg .
• efG;fsf] cfsf/M /]lk|mlh/]6/
lsGg hfg'cl3 cfˆgf] efG;fdf
Tof] c6fpF5 sL c6fpFGg
eGg] rfxL+ hfFRg h?/L 5 .
xfjf cfpg–hfg ;lhnf] xf];
eGgsf vflt/ /]lk|mlh/]6/
/fVg] 7fpFsf] rf/}lt/ Ps
OGrsf] rf}yfO{ efu vfnL
5f8g h?/L x'G5 .
• tfkqmdM /]lk|mlh/]6/df
/flvPsf vfg]s'/fnfO{ ;xL
tfkqmd -/]lk|mlh/]6/tkm{ #$
l8u|L kmx/]gxfO6 / lk|mh/,
hDg] efu, tkm{ $ l8u|L kmx/]–
gxfO6_ rflxG5 . s'g}–s'g}
-vf; u/L k'/fgf_ df]8nsf
/]lk|mlh/]6/df ! b]lv !)
c+sdfq lbOPsf] x'G5, h;n]
xfdLnfO{ cNdnfpF5 . o:tf]
df]8nsf] /]lk|mlh/]6/ k¥of] eg]
Pp6f ;:tf] vfnsf] ydf]{ld6/
lsGg'xf];, h;n] tkfO{+nfO{
/]lk|mlh/]6/sf] tfkqmd ldnfpg
d2t u5{ .
• ;lhnf]M /]lk|mlh/]6/ lsGbf Tof]
rnfpg slt ;lhnf] 5 klg
x]g'{k5{ . ;–;fgf kf]sfdf
/flvPsf vfgf kl/jf/n]
h;n] vf]Hbf klg e]l6g]
x'g'k5{ . vf;u/L j[4–j[4f
/ ;fgf gfgLx?nfO{ Wofg
lbg'k5{ .

3. #@)!@gf]e]Da/,jif{#c+s$)
/fi6«kltsf] pDd]bjf/
cf]afdf÷dfwju'?ª//f]DgL÷cIfl/sf
/fi6«klt af/fs cf]afdf
hGd M ;g !(^! cu:t $
hGd–:yfg M xjfO{ (Hawaii) /fHo
lzIff M cl:;8]G6n sn]h (Occidental College),
sf]nlDaof o'lgel;{6L (Columbia Univer-
sity), xfe{8{ n :s"n (Harvard Law School)
/ o'lgel;{6L ckm l;sfuf] (University of
Chicago)
pDd]bjf/ M 8]df]qm]l6s kf6L{ (Democratic Party)
klxnf]k6s lgjf{lrt M ;g !((^ df Olngf]o
/fHoaf6 l;g]6df .
/fi6«klt M ;g @))* df pDd]bjf/ . pxfF
ljhoL x'g'eof] / cd]l/sfsf] klxnf] clk|msg–
cd]l/sg /fi6«klt x'g'eof] .
kl/jf/ M pxfFn] ld;]n cf]afdf (Michelle
Obama) ;Fu ljjfx ug'{eof] . pxfFx?sf b'O{
5f]/L M ;fzf (Sasha) / dflnof (Malia) 5g .
ueg{/ ld§ /f]DgL
hGd M ;g !($& dfr{ !@
hGd–:yfg M ldl;ug (Michigan) /fHosf]
8]6«f]o6 (Detroit) zx/ .
lzIff M la|3fd of]ª o'lgel;{6L (Brigham Young
University), xfe{8{ n (Harvard Law)
pDd]bjf/ M l/klAnsg kf6L{ (Republican Party)
k]zf M Joj;foL . ;g !((( df ;fN6 n]s
l;6L (Salt Lake City) df ePsf] cf]nlDks
v]nsf] d'Vo sfo{sf/L clwsf/L .
ueg{/ M ;g @))$ df df;fr';]6; (Massa-
chusetts) /fHosf] ueg{/ kbdf lgjf{lrt .
kl5Nnf] lgjf{rg M ;g @))* df pDd]bjf/L lbP
klg kf6L{leq} k/flht .
kl/jf/ M Pg /f]DgL (Ann Romney) ;Fu ljjfx
ug'{ePsf] 5 . pxfFsf % 5f]/f / !* gflt–
gfltgf 5g .
• cd]l/sf a:g] hf]sf]xL
g]kfnL–efifLsf nflu pkof]uL .
• g]kfnL / c+u|]hL efiffdf
;fdu|L ePsf] .
• !( cWofodf # ;o $)
hLjgf]kof]uL ;fdu|L .
• d"No !$ 8n/ .
lstfa rflxPdf M
http://gyanjyotikendra.org
df uP/ ‘k':tssf] dfu’ jf
Order Books df lSns
ug'{xf]; . qm]l86÷8]la6–sf8{ jf
r]sdfkm{t lstfa kfpg] tl/sf
pNn]v 5 .
cd]l/sfdf
a;f]af;
km;L{
xnf]ljg (Halloween) clg
YofÍ;luleªdf km;L{nfO{
l;ufg]{ jf kl/sf/ agfP/ vfg]
ul/G5 . km;L{ cd]l/sfsf] /}yfg]
t/sf/L xf] .
km;L{ k|ltof]lutf
cd]l/sfsf ljleGg :yfgdf
km;L{ l;Fufg]{ k|ltof]lutf x'G5 .
o:t} s[lqd–ljlwaf6 kmnfOPsf
7"nf km;L{aLr klg k|ltof]lutf
ul/G5 .
;flxTodf km;L{
cd]l/sL ;flxTo, h:tf]–
syf, sljtf cflbdf klg
km;L{nfO{ ljifo agfPsf]
kfOG5 . lkmNd / gf6sdf klg
km;L{sf ljifo x'G5g .
km;L{df s] s] kfOG5 <
km;L{df sfaf]{xfO8«]6, lrNnf],
k|f]l6g, le6fldg P, le6fldg
aL, le6fldg ;L, SoflN;od,
cfO/g, DofUg]l;od, kmf];km/;
h:tf tÎj kfOG5g .
km;L{sf] laofF vfg] rng t
5Fb} 5 . oxL laofFaf6 t]n
klg agfOG5 . j}1flgsx?n]
oxL laofFaf6 cf}ifwL agfpg]
sf]lzz ul//x]sf 5g .
km;L{ sxfF a9L kmN5 <
Olngf]o, OlG8ofgf, cf]xfof],
k]G;neflgof, Go'of]s{ cflb
/fHodf a9L km;L{ kmN5 .

4. Gyan Jyoti Kendra, 10 Ashley Dr, Manchester, NH 03103, Ph: 603 661 1039, Email : info@aksharica.com,
Website : www. aksharica.com, Editor : Rajesh Koirala, Co-ordinator : Tara Acharya, Managing Director : Sattan Acharya
$
c+u|]hLdf ;fwf/0f af]nrfn ug{ sl/a # xhf/ zAb eP k'U5, tLdWo]sf] bzf}+ ;"rLM
efu !)
c+u|]hL zAb ;"rL -10_
• arise : p7g', pbfpg',
k'g{pTyfg x'g', cEo'bo x'g',
k|fb'ef{j x'g' .
• arm : kfv'/f, k|afx', xft,
afx'nLÙ xltof/, z:q, afx',
e'hf .
• armed : xltof/;lxt,
z:q;lxt, ;z:q .
• arms : ;}Go pks/0f,
xltof/ .
• army : ;]gf, ;}Goan, :yn–
;]gf .
• around : rf/}lt/, cf;kf;,
ghLs}, k|foM, nueu .
• arrange : ldnfpg', aGbf]a:t
ug{', tx nfpg', cfof]hg ug{',
h'/fpg', :ofxfg{', ;l/ofpg',
yfGsf]dfGsf] ug{', ;¥ofpg',
¥ofª7ofª ldnfpg', ;d]6g',
;hfpg', yfGsf] nfpg' .
• arrangement : aGbf]a:t,
OGthfd, ljGof;, /rgf,
kl/kf6L, rfFhf], lylt, tf/tDo,
rfFhf]kfFhf], txjx, 7Ls7fs,
¥ofª7ofª, Joj:yf, tof/L,
yfGsf]–dfGsf] .
• arrest : lu/ˆtf/L, y'gf,
/f]s, /f]syfd, kqmfp, w/ks8Ù
kqmg', ;dfTg', aGwgdf kfg'{ .
• arrival : cfudg, pkfud,
kx'Fr, pkl:ylt .
• arrive : k'Ug', cfOk'Ug',
cfudg x'g' .
• arrow : jf0f, tL/, sfF8 .
• art : snf, lzNk, sf}zn,
sf/Lu/L, rt'¥of{OFÙ lgk'0ftf,
lrqfªsg .
• article : j:t', rLh, yf]s,
@)!@gf]e]Da/,jif{#c+s$)
bkmf, wf/f, cg'R5]b, clws/0f,
ljifo, ;fdu|LÙ j0ff{Tds
ljZn]if0f .
• artificial : snf–pTkflbt,
lzNklgld{t, slNkt, s[lqd,
/r'jf, agfj6L, b]vfj6L, c;To,
cjf:tljs, gsnL .
• artillery : tf]k, tf]k;d"x,
tf]kvfgf .
• artist : snfsf/, lrq–
snfsf/, nlntsnfdWo] s'g}
ljifodf k|lj0f, cfˆgf] k]zfnfO{
nlntsnf agfpg] snfsf/,
5ljsf/.
• artistic : snfTds, ;'Gb/ .
• as : ;/L, h:tf], tyf, ha,
;dfg, k|sf/n] .
• as soon as : ljlQs},
hlt;Sbf] . qmdzM
la6 dfbf{dfb}{
gof“ :tDe cf/De
klxnf] ;Gbe{ M o; c+saf6
…cIfl/sfÚ Go'hn]6/n] …vr{–ar{Ú
gfds :tDe z'? u/]sf] 5 .
cfly{s–1fgsf ljleGg ljifo o;
:tDedf n]lvg]5 . o; :tDesf
/fVg ;lsg] ljifosf af/]df eg]
tkfO{+sf] ;'emfjsf] cfzf u/]sf
5f}+ .
bf];|f] ;Gbe{ M olta]nf b]ze/
/fi6«klt lgjf{rgsf] rrf{
5 . xfdLn] lgjf{rgaf/] yf]/}
ykyfk hfgsf/L lbg] k|of; u/]sf
5f}+ . rf/ jif{df cfpg] lgjf{rg–
nfO{ s;/L gb]v]em}+ ug'{ <Û
;fy}, dt lbg] clwsf/–k|fKt ;a}
-g]kfnL–efifL cd]l/sL gful/s_ n]
lgjf{rgsf] lbg -gf]e]Da/ ^_
la;{g' x'Gg / dtbfg ug'{x'G5
eGg]df 9'Ss 5f}+ .
wGojfb
6cd]l/sfdf b'O{ ;bg -;+;b_
5g . Pp6f l;g]6 (Senate)
xf] eg] csf]{ k|ltlglw–;ef
(House of Representatives)
xf] . dflyNnf] ;bg l;g]6df
Ps ;o ;b:o x'G5g .
k|ltlglw–;efdf $ ;o #%
;b:o /xG5g . b'j} ;bgnfO{
;+o'St ?kdf s+u|]; (Con-
gress) elgG5 . l;g]6sf
;b:o Ps /fHoaf6 @ hgfsf
b/n] r'lgG5g . To;}n] %)
/fHoaf6 Ps ;o hgf ePsf]
xf] . l;g]6 ;b:ox? ^ jif{sf
nflu lgjf{lrt x'G5g .
gful/s k/LIff (Civic Test) sf]
k':tssf yk k|Zg–pQ/ M
!= /fi6«klt–lgjf{rgdf dtbfg ug{
cd]l/sL gful/ssf] pd]/ slt
jif{sf] ePsf] x'g'k5{ < (How old
do citizens have to be to vote
for President ?)
– c7f/ -!*_ jif{ /
Tof]eGbf a9L pd]/ .
[Eighteen (18) and older]
Oltxf; x]bf{ w]/} jif{;Dd
/fi6«kltsf] lgjf{rgdf dtbfg
ug{]sf] pd]/ @! jif{ /x]sf]
b]lvG5 . ;g !(^)–!(&)
sf] bzssf] leotgfd o'4sf
bf}/fg Pp6f hfoh ljifo s]
p7of] eg] o'4df hfg ;Sg]
dfG5]n] lsg dtbfgdf efu
lng ;Sb}g <Û clg ;g !(&!
/fi6«kltnfO{
dt lbg] pd]/
df cd]l/sL ;+ljwfgsf] @^ cf}+
;+zf]wg eof] / ;+zf]wgn]
dtbfg ug]{ pd]/ @! af6
36fP/ !* agfof] . pSt
;+zf]wgn] /fli6«o -;+3Lo_,
/fHo:t/, / :yfgLo lgjf{rgdf
dtbfg ug]{ gful/ssf] pd]/
!* eP k'Ug] sfod u¥of] .
/fli6«o dtbftf btf{
P]g -g];gn ef]6/ /lhi6«];g
ofS6_– !((#, n] dtbfgsf
nflu gfd btf{ ;lhnf]
agfof] . pd]/ k'u]sf]
gful/sn] x'nfs, ;fj{hlgs
;xfotf sfof{nox? -klAns
cl;:6]G; clkm;];_ jf nfO–
;]G; hf/L jf gjLs/0f
ug]{ sfof{nodf cfˆgf] gfd
btf{ ug{ ;S5 .