Aksharica (अक्षरिका) is a Nepali Language Newsletter. Aksharica is made with a combination of two words “Akshar” and “America”. Akshar means “letter” in Nepali, thus goal of the Aksharica is to educate, inform, inspire, and empower the Nepali speaking community (Bhutanese and Nepalese) residing in America. Rajesh Koirala is working as an editor since it started on August 2010. This is 58th issue, published on April, 2014.

1. o; c+sdf s] s] <
(What is inside ?)
g /f]huf/x¿ a9bf sfd====#
(Growing Jobs in the US)
g w]/} tna lbg] sDkgL=====%
(Most paying companies)
g cf}ifwL lkmtf{ ug]{ lbg====^
(Drug Takeback Day)
g df;' gvfg] ;f]daf/=======^
(Meatless Monday)
g d x'FM cfOcf/P;===========&
(I am IRS)
g ltly–ldltM !(%%========&
(Date: 1955)
g cnL{ l/lnh s] xf] <====&
(What is Early Release
Day?)
g gful/s k|Zg–pQ/========*
(Civic Test - One Q/A)
g rNtLsf c+u|]hL zAb======*
(Most common English
words)
@)!$ clk|n
jif{ $ c+s %*
x/fpFb} uPsf k]zf–Joj;fo
s:tf sfd eg] a9bf 5g <
n n
sfd ;a} 7fpF / ;a} sfndf
Ps} /xFb}gg . o:t} oyfy{
5, cd]l/sfdf . s]xL sfd
x/fpFb} uPsf 5g eg] s]xL
a9bf 5g . of] o:t} /xnf
eGg klg ;lsGg .
n n afFsL csf]{ k]hdf
cfˆgf] k]zfsf] sfd kfpg 5f8]
s:tf] xf]nf < ul//x]sf sfddf
yk tflnd jf To;};DaGwL
yk k|ljlw ghfg] s] xf]nf <
sfdaf/] oL klg xfd|f ;d:of
x'g . o:tf ;d:ofx?af/]
xfdLn] hfGg}k5{ .
cd]l/sfdf ul/g] sltko
sfdsf gfd xfdLn] g;'g]sf,
gb]v]sf, gu/]sf, jf ghfg]sf
klg x'g ;S5g .
>d;DaGwL cd]l/sL
dGqfno l8kf6{d]G6 ckm n]a/
(US Department of Labor) xf] .
dGqfnosf] lgsfo …Ao'/f] ckm
n]a/ :6fl6l:6S;Ú (Bureau of
Labor Statistics) xf] . pSt
Ao'/f] cyf{t tYofªs ljefuaf6
k|sflzt tYofªsnfO{ @$÷&
jfn l:6«6, PnPn;L (24/7 Wall
St., LLC) gfds Ps ;+:yfn]
s]nfpFb} k|ltj]bg ;fj{hlgs
u/]sf] 5 .
;+:yfsf b'O{ k|ltj]bgdf
cd]l/sfdf x/fpFb} uPsf k]zf
/ s'g sfd ljz]ifdf /f]huf/L
a9bf] 5 elgPsf] 5 .
sfd vf]Hg] jf cfkm"n]
hfg]sf sfddf
yk tflnd jf
lzIff lnP/
cfˆgf] j[lQ–
ljsf; ug{
rfxg]n] o:tf hfgsf/L /fVg
cfjZos klg x'g;S5 .
nf]k eO/x]sf k]zf
pSt ljefusf ;g @))@
d] dlxgfb]lv ;g @)!@ d]
dlxgf;Ddsf tYofªs s]nfP/
jfn l:6«6n] lgsfn]sf] nf]k
eO/x]sf k]zfsf] ;"rL -sd
sdfOaf6 w]/}tkm{_ o:tf] 5M
• ;]ldsG8S6/ k|f];];;{ (Semi-
conductor processors)
;]ldsG8S6/ Pp6f ljB'tLo
pks/0f xf], h;sf] k|of]u
df]afOn kmf]g, sf/, Nofk6k
cflbdf x'G5 . ;]ldsG8S6/
k|f];];/n] oxL pks/0fsf]
lgdf{0fsf] sfd x]5{g .
df]afOn kmf]g, sf/, Nofk6k
k|of]u a9] klg ;]ldsG8S6/
k|f];];/sf] hflu/ 36g'sf]
sf/0f ;]ldsG8S6/ ;fgf x'Fb}
hfg', o;sf] lgdf{0fdf dflg;sf]
;§f oGqsf] k|of]u ul/g' /
;:tf sfdbf/ kfOg] ePsfn]
o;sf] lgdf{0f cGo b]zdf ul/g'
xf] .
;g @))@–@)!@ df o:tf]
sfd ug]{sf] ;+Vof %! Ü
36of] / @@ xhf/ @%) sf]
hflu/ uof] . ;g @)!@ df of]
k]zfdf @! xhf/ #*) lyP /
pgLx?sf] jflif{s tna ##
xhf/ @) 8n/ /Xof] .
ljefun] ;g @)@@ ;Dd
@& Ü sdL cfpg] / sl/a yk
^ xhf/sf] hflu/ hfg ;Sg]
cg'dfg u/]sf] 5 .
• lk|k]|; 6]lSgl;oG; (Prepress
technicians)
s'g} klg k|sfzg
-lstfa, kf]:6/, kqklqsf,
l:6s/ cflb_ cl3 ul/g] sfdsf
k|fljlwsnfO{ lk|k|]; 6]lSgl;og
elgG5 . sDKo'6/, 6]An]6 cflbdf
k9g]sf] ;+Vof a9gfn] 5fKg]
sfd sd x'Fb} uPsf] 5 . t/
pkef]Uo ;fdu|Lsf vf]n, krL{
5fKg] sfd eg] a9bf] 5 .
;g @))@–@)!@ df o:tf]
sfd ug]{sf] ;+Vof %$ Ü
36of] / $& xhf/ (%) hgfsf]
bls.gov
*k[i7
o;k6s

2. @
@)!$clk|n,jif{$c+s%*
• c+u|]hLaf6 g]kfnL !@ xhf/
zAbsf] cy{ / g]kfnLaf6
c+u|]hL !% xhf/ zAbsf] cy{
ePsf] .
• %)$ k[i7sf] .
• d"No !^ 8n/ .
lstfa rflxPdf M
http://gyanjyotikendra.org
df uP/ ‘k':tssf] dfu’ jf
Order Books df lSns
ug'{xf]; . ToxfF qm]l86÷
8]la6–sf8{ jf r]sdfkm{t
lstfa kfpg] tl/sf
pNn]v 5 .
c+u|]hL–g]kfnL,
g]kfnL–c+u|]hL
l8S;g/L
n n
o:tf sfd x/fpFb} 5g
• ;]ldsG8S6/ k|f];];/
• lk|k]; 6]lSgl;og
• j8{ k|f];];/ / 6fOlk:6
• 6]S:6fOn lgl6ª / ljleª
dl;g ;]6/, ck/]6/ /
6]G8/ • sDKo'6/ ck/]6/
• la|sd];g, Ansd];g,
:6f]gd];g, 6fon / dfa{n
;]6/ – x]Nk/ • l8«lnª /
af]l/ª dl;g 6'N; ;]6/,
ck/]6/ / 6]G8/, d]6n /
Knfl:6s • Knf:6// /
:6Ssf] d];g • sfk]{G6;{’
x]Nk/ • P8e6f{Olhª /
k|f]df];g d]g]h/
n n
afFsL csf]{ k]hdf
hflu/ uof] . ;g @)!@ df
$! xhf/ $@) hgf of] k]zfdf
5g, h;sf] jflif{s cfDbfgL
#& xhf/ @^) 8n/ 5 .
• j8{ k|f];];;{ / 6fOlk:6; (Word
processors and typists)
oL k]zfjfnn] v];|faf6
lr67L–kq, kmf/d, l/kf]6{,
jf cGo ;fdu|L 6fOk u/]/
sDKo'6/df ptfg]{, 6fOk ePsfdf
z'4fz'l4 x]g]{ jf cfjfh /]s8{
ePsf] ;fdu|L ptfg]{ u5{g . o:tf
k]zfjfnn] slxn]sfxL sfof{no–
;xfossf ?kdf klg sfd
u5{g .
;g @))@–@)!@ df o:tf]
sfd ug]{sf] ;+Vof %$ Ü
36of] / ! nfv !@ xhf/
^$) hgfsf] hflu/ uof] . ;g
@)!@ df (^ xhf/ %^) hgf
of] k]zfdf 5g, h;sf] jflif{s
cfDbfgL #% xhf/ @&) 8n/
5 .
of] k]zfjfn x/fO/x]sf d'Vo
!) sfddf ;aeGbf a9L xf] .
ljB'tLo dfWodaf6 o;sf] sfd
x'g] ePsfn] of] k]zf x/fpg]
cj:yfdf k'u]sf] xf] . o:tf]
k]zfdf /x]sf w]/}n] gofF k|ljlw
l;s]/ cfkm"nfO{ To;cg';f/sf]
sfd ug]{ klg agfpFb} nu]sf
5g .
• 6]S:6fOn lgl6ª / ljleª dl;g
;]6;{, ck/]6;{ / 6]G8;{ (Textile
knitting and weaving ma-
chine setters, operators and
tenders)
oL k]zfjfnn] sk8f a'Gg]
sf/vfgfdf sfd u5{g .
oGq–h8fg, lgl/If0f h:tf
sfd u5{g . oL k]zfjfn
k|fljlws / cw{–k|fljlws
x'G5g . cfw'lgs k|ljlw, cGo
b]zdf sfd u/fpg] a9bf] rng
cflbsf sf/0f
o:tf k]zf–
jfn cK7of/fdf
k/]sf 5g .
;g @))@–@)!@ df o:tf]
sfd ug]{sf] ;+Vof %& Ü 36of]
/ @* xhf/ # ;osf] hflu/
uof] . ;g @)!@ df @! xhf/
!!) hgf of] k]zfdf 5g,
h;sf] jflif{s cfDbfgL @^
xhf/ %$) 8n/ 5 .
• sDKo'6/ ck/]6;{ (Computer
operators)
oL k]zfjfnn] sDKo'6/x?aLr
;Dks{ u/fpg] / 8f6f ljZn]if0f
ug]{ k|0ffnLsf] lgu/fgL u5{g .
k|ljlwdf ePsf] cfw'lgsLs/0f
/ oGqx?sf] ;'wf/n] of] k]zf
;+s6 k/]sf] 5 .
;g @))@–@)!@ df o:tf]
sfd ug]{sf] ;+Vof %( Ü 36of]
/ ! nfv ! xhf/ *) hgfsf]
hflu/ uof] . ;g @)!@ df
&! xhf/ %^) hgf of] k]zfdf
5g, h;sf] jflif{s cfDbfgL
#* xhf/ #() 8n/ 5 .
• la|sd];G;, Ansd];G;, :6f]g–
d];G;, 6fon / dfa{n ;]6;{ –
x]Nk;{ (Brickmasons, block-
masons, stonemasons, tile
and marble setters-helpers)
oL k]zfjfnnfO{ w]/}
;Lk cfjZos x'Gg . 3/–
lgdf{0f ;xfosh:tf oL
k]zfjfnsf] sfd 3/
agfpg] Joj;fodf sdL cfPsfn]
36]sf] xf] . o;df k|ljlwsf] vf;
e"dLsf 5}g . 3/–lgdf{0fn] ult
lnP, sfd kfpg yfN5g .
;g @))@–@)!@ df o:tf]
sfd ug]{sf] ;+Vof ^) Ü
36of] / #^ xhf/ $#) hgfsf]
hflu/ uof] . ;g @)!@ df
@$ xhf/ #!) hgf of] k]zfdf
5g, h;sf] jflif{s cfDbfgL
@* xhf/ @@) 8n/ 5 .
• l8«lnª / af]l/ª dl;g 6'N;
;]6;{, ck/]6;{ / 6]G8;{, d]6n /
Knfl:6s (Drilling and Boring
Machine Tool Setters, Op-
erators, and Tenders, Metal
and Plastic)
hldgd'lgaf6 kfgL cflb
lgsfNgsf nflu Knfl:6s jf
wft'sf 6'qmfx? hf]8g] ;Lk
ePsf k]zfjfnnfO{ oGqsf]
cfw'lgsLs/0fn] kl5 kf/]sf]
5 .
;g @))@–@)!@ df o:tf]
sfd ug]{sf] ;+Vof ^) Ü 36of]
/ #! xhf/ &) hgfsf] hflu/
uof] . ;g @)!@ df @) xhf/
^^) hgf of] k]zfdf 5g /
pgLx?sf] jflif{s cfDbfgL ##
xhf/ ($) 8n/ 5 .
bls.gov
bls.gov
bls.gov

3. #@)!$clk|n,jif{$c+s%*
afFsL csf]{ k]hdf
s:tf sfd a9bf 5g <
h;df /f]huf/sf] ;+Vof al9/x]5
• Knf:6/;{ / :6Ssf] d];G; (Plas-
terers and stucco masons)
oL k]zfjfnsf] sfd 3/
sf] kvf{n jf cGo ;tx÷
e'OF lrNofpg], l;ufg]{ jf cGo
k|of]hg–of]Uo agfpg' xf] . 3/–
lgdf{0fdf sdL cfPsf sf/0f
logsf] sfd 36]sf] xf] .
;g @))@–@)!@ df o:tf]
sfd ug]{sf] ;+Vof ^! Ü
36of] / ## xhf/ @%) hgfsf]
hflu/ uof] . ;g @)!@ df
@! xhf/ $) hgf of] k]zfdf
5g, h;sf] jflif{s cfDbfgL
#& xhf/ !#) 8n/ 5 .
• sfk]{G6;{’ x]Nk;{ (Carpenters’
Helpers)
oL l;sdL{sf ;xof]uL
x'g . sf7 sf6g], lrNofpg]
h:tf sfd u5{g . l;sdL{sf
;xof]uL ePsfn] w]/} ;Lk
cfjZos x'Fb}g .
;g @))@ df logLx?sf]
;+Vof sl/a (* xhf/ lyof]
eg] ;g @)!@ df #% xhf/
*&) df em¥of] . of] sdL ^# Ü
xf], h;df ^@ xhf/eGbf a9Ln]
sfd u'dfP . ;g @)!@ df
logsf] jflif{s cfo @% xhf/
%%) 8n/ /Xof] .
• P8e6f{Olhª / k|f]df];g d]g]h;{
(Advertising and promotions
managers)
kqklqsfdf ul/g] lj1fkg
36gfn] of] k]zf ufx|f]df 5 .
cfly{s ;+s6 /x]sf a]nf To;}
klg lj1fkgsf] ahf/ ;':tfPsf]
lyof] .
;g @))@–@)!@ df o:tf]
sfd ug]{sf] ;+Vof ^% Ü
36of] / %@ xhf/ ^&) hgfsf]
hflu/ uof] . ;g @)!@ df
@* xhf/ $@) hgf of] k]zfdf
5g, h;sf] jflif{s cfDbfgL
** xhf/ %() 8n/ 5 .
;g @))@ b]lv @)!@ ;Dddf
u}/–s[lif sfdbf/ % Ü a9] .
uPsf bzsdf ePsf] cfly{s
;+s6df s]xL k]zf cK7of/fdf
k/] klg s]xL sfd eg] bf]Aa/
eGbf a9L sfdbf/sf] wgL x'g
k'u] .
oxfF a9f]Q/Lsf cfwf/
df ;aeGbf a9L j[l4 ePsf
-w]/} /f]huf/ JolSt agfPsf_
k]zfdWo] sdaf6 w]/}tkm{ ;"rL
tntkm{ k|:t't 5M
• l:sg s]o/ :k]l;oln:6; (Skin
Care Specialists)
;g @)!@ ;Ddsf] bz
jif{df 5fnfsf] :ofxf/
ug]{ Joj;foL 7ofSs} bf]Aa/
eP . :j/f]huf/sf ?kdf
;]n'g (salon)
/ :kf (spa)
x?df sfd
ug]{ oL
Joj;foLn] 5fnf
;kmf ug]{, 5fnfsf]
;'/Iffsf] ;'emfj lbg], /
cgfjZos /f}+ x6fpg]
sfd u5{g . o:tf k]zf–
jfnn] Jofj;flos lzIff lbg]
;+:yfx?af6 5fnf;DaGwL
tflnd jf lzIff lbG5g . w]/}
h;f] o:tf Joj;foLsf nflu
of] lzIff clgjfo{ h:t} x'G5 .
w]/} /fHodf of] lzIff / nfO;]G;
clgjfo{ ul/Psf] 5 .
;g @))@ b]lv ;g
@)!@ df of] k]zfjfn !)$
Ü a9]/ !^ xhf/ @#)
ylkP . ;g @)!@ df l:sg
s]o/ :k]l;oln:6x? #! xhf/
*!) hgf lyP, h;n] jif{sf]
cf};t @* xhf/ ^$) 8n/
sdfPsf] kfOof] .
• k;{gn s]o/ P8; (Personal
Care Aides)
aRrf hGdfpg] k':tf
-a]aL a'd;{, ;g !($^–^$ df
hGd]sf_ j[4j[4fsf] ;+Vof
a9]sfn] JolStut :ofxf/
ug]{ otf k]zfjfn a9]sf 5g .
;g @))@ / ;g @)!@ aLr
o:tf k]zfjfnsf] ;+Vof bf]Aa/
eof] . clxn] em08} bz
nfv o:tf] Joj;fodf
5g . yf]/} Hofnf / efjgfTds
d"No ePsfn] o;df /f]huf/
a9]sf] xf] . ;g @)!@ df o:tf
k]zfjfndWo] sd kfpg] !) Ü
n] jif{sf] @& xhf/ %*) 8n/
dfq sdfPsf] kfOof] .
;g @))@ b]lv ;g @)!@
df of] k]zfjfn !!* Ü a9]/ %
nfv #$ xhf/ !() ylkP .
;g @)!@ df oL k]zfjfnx?
( nfv *% xhf/ @#) hgf
lyP, h;n] jif{sf] cf};t !(
xhf/ (!) 8n/ sdfPsf]
kfOof] .
• k;{gn kmfOg]lG;on
P8efOh;{ (Personal Financial
Advisors)
a]aL a'd;{x? ;]jf–lgj[Q
x'g] ;do ePsf] / cfˆgf]
ljQLo Joj:yfkgdf nfu]sfn]
pgsf ;xof]uL ag]sf 5g,
JolStut ljQLo ;Nnfxsf/–
x? . o:t} lghL If]q klg
;]jflgj[Qsf] ;xfotfdf sfd ug{
yfn]sfn] klg JolStut ljQLo
;Nnfxsf/sf] sfd a9]sf] 5 .
of] k]zfsf nflu Go'gtd klg
bls.gov

4. $
@)!$clk|n,jif{$c+s%*
n n
o:tf sfd a9bf 5g
• l:sg s]o/ :k]l;oln:6
• k;{gn s]o/ PO8
• k;{gn kmfOg]lG;on
P8efOh/ • sf]r PG8
:sfp6 • xo'dg l/;f];{];
:k]l;oln:6 • d;fh
y]/flk:6 • OG6/k|]6/ /
6«fG;n]6/ • Do'lhs
l8/]S6/ / sDkf]h/
• k]6«f]lnod OlGhlgo/
• ;le{; o'lg6 ck/]6/,
cfon, Uof; / dfOlgª
n n
:gfts tx ;s]sf] x'g'k5{ .
ul0ft, n]vf, cy{zf:q, ljQ
jf sfg'gdf hfgsf/L /fv] of]
k]zf ;xh x'G5 . o; k]zfsf
w]/} sdfpg] @% Ü sf] jflif{s
cfo ! nfv !! xhf/ $%)
8n/ 5 .
;g @))@ b]lv ;g @)!@
df of] k]zfjfn !@* Ü a9]/
(* xhf/ $^) ylkP . ;g
@)!@ df oL k]zfjfnx? !
nfv &% xhf/ $&) hgf lyP,
h;n] jif{sf] cf};t ^& xhf/
%@) 8n/ sdfPsf] kfOof] .
• sf]r]h PG8 :sfp6; (Coaches
and Scouts)
v]ns'bsf k|lzIfs /
:sfp6x?sf] ;g @))@ b]lv
;g @)!@ k'Ubf Ps nfvaf6
b'O{ nfv k'u] . cfpFbf jif{df
klg o;} ultdf a9g] cg'dfg
ug{ ;lsG5 .
;]jflgj[Q hf] cfkm}+
v]N5g / c?nfO{ l;sfpg]
Ifdtf /fV5g, sf sf/0f
of] k]zfjfnx? a9]sf x'g .
;]jflgj[Qx? uNkm / 6]lg;
a9L v]N5g .
o:tf k|lzIfsx?n] :s"n /
o'lgel;{6Ldf v]ns'b lqmof–
snfk a9]sf sf/0f hflu/
kfO/x]sf 5g . sn]hdf dlxnf
v]ns'bx? a9]sf] klg kfOPsf]
5 .
;g @))@ b]lv ;g @)!@
df of] k]zfjfn !#) Ü a9]/ !
nfv !$ xhf/ *) ylkP .
;g @)!@ df oL k]zf–
jfnx? @ nfv ! xhf/ * ;o
hgf lyP, h;n]
jif{sf] cf};t
@* xhf/ #^)
8n/ sdfPsf]
kfOof] .
• ≈o'dg l/;f];{];
:k]l;oln:6; (Human Re-
sources Specialists)
oL k]zfjfnn] s'g} sfdsf
nflu JolStsf] rog, egf{
/ pgLx?sf] Ifdtfcg';f/
sfd ljz]if lbg] u5{g . ;g
@))@ kl5sf bz jif{df @
nfv @% xhf/eGbf a9L dfgj
;|f]t ljz]if1 -Xo'dg l/;f]–
;]{; :k]l;oln:6_ a9] . o;sf
nflu :gfts tx k"/f u/]sf],
/ JolSt cGt/;+jfb Ifdtfdf
s'zn x'g cfjZos 5 .
;g @))@ b]lv ;g @)!@
df of] k]zfjfn !#$ Ü a9]/ @
nfv @% xhf/ *#) ylkP .
;g @)!@ df oL k]zfjfnx?
# nfv ($ xhf/ #*) hgf
lyP, h;n] jif{sf] cf};t %%
xhf/ * ;o 8n/ sdfPsf]
kfOof] .
• d;fh y]/flk:6; (Massage
Therapists)
:kf / d;fh lSnlgssf]
;+Vof a9]sfn] oL Joj;foL
a9]sf 5g . j[4j[4fsf]
hg;+Vof a9g' / pgLx?n]
d;fh rfxgfn] oL :j/f]huf/
Joj;foL a9]sf] Ao'/f]sf] egfO
5 . ;g @)!@ df k"/f ;do
sfd gug]{ logLx?sf] 3G6fsf]
cf};t cfDbfgL !& 8n/ @(
;]G6 /Xof] .
;g @))@ b]lv ;g @)!@
df of] k]zfjfn !^@ Ü a9]/
$# xhf/ **) ylkP . ;g
@)!@ df oL k]zfjfnx? &!
xhf/ $) hgf lyP, h;n]
jif{sf] cf};t #% xhf/ (&)
8n/ sdfPsf] kfOof] .
• OG6/k|]6;{ / 6«fG;n]6;{ (Inter-
preters and Translators)
cGt/f{li6«o ahf/ a9bf] 5
/ ljZjJofkLs/0f hf/L 5 .
o;}n] klg bf]efif] / cg'jfbssf]
sfd a9bf] 5 . ;g @))@
df sl/a @) xhf/ /x]sf]df
bf]efif] / cg'jfbssf] ;+Vof
a9]/ %) xhf/eGbf a9L ePsf]
5 . cd]l/sfdf lx:Koflgs
hg;+Vof a9]sfn] bf]efif]
/ cg'jfbs a9L rflxPsf
x'g . o:tf Joj;foLsf]
kfl/>lds lglZrt 5}g . w]/}
sdfpg] !) Ü sf] jflif{s sdfO
(! xhf/ * ;o;Dd 5 eg]
sd sdfpg] !) Ü sf] sdfO
@# xhf/ %&) 8n/ 5 .
;g @))@ b]lv ;g @)!@
df oL k]zfjfn !&! Ü a9]/
#! xhf/ &@) ylkP . ;g
@)!@ df oL k]zfjfnx? %)
xhf/ #@) hgf lyP, h;n]
jif{sf] cf};t $% xhf/ $#)
8n/ sdfPsf] kfOof] .
• Do'lhs l8/]S6;{ /
sDkf]h;{ (Music Directors and
Composers)
;+uLtk|lt cd]l/sLx?sf]
ef]sn] oL k]zfjfn a9]sf]
afFsL csf]{ k]hdf
Sattan
bls.gov
bls.gov

5. sDkgLsf] gfd======================================================================hflu/bf/sf] ;+Vof===========jflif{s cf};t tna
%@)!$clk|n,jif{$c+s%*
w]/} tna lbg] !% sDkgL
-yf]/} tna lbg]af6 w]/} tnatkm{_
cf};t cd]l/sLsf] cf};t
jflif{s cfo eg] #$ xhf/ &
;o %) 8n/ -;g @)!@_
lyof] . t/ s]xL sDkgL
cd]l/sLsf] cf};t cfoeGbf
kfFr u'0ff a9L tna lbg
)!= afs{lnh Soflk6n (Barclays Capital) ===============================!#(,^)) ==================== $ !@#,)))
)@= PKkn (Apple) =======================================================================*),#)) ===================== $ !@#,@*$
)#= ofx' Û (Yahoo!) =====================================================================!@,@)) ===================== $ !@%,)))
)$= l6j6/ (Twitter) ====================================================================@,&!@ ======================== $ !@%,)))
)%= DofslsG;] PG8 sDkgL (McKinsey & Co.) ========================!&,))) ===================== $ !@%,)))
)^= u'un (Google) ====================================================================== $&,&%^ ==================== $ !@%,)))
)&= jfndf6{ Osd;{ (Walmart eCommerce) ==============@) nfv -Osd;{df !,%))_ ===== $ !@%,)))
)*= c6f]–8]:s (Autodesk) =========================================================== &,#)) ===================== $ !@*,)))
)(= lnªs8Og (LinkedIn) =============================================================%,)$% ===================== $ !#),)))
!)= le;f OGs (Visa Inc.) ==============================================================(,%)) ===================== $ !#),)))
!!= h'lgk/ g]6js{; (Juniper Networks) =====================================(,$*# ==================== $ !#$,@!*
!@= P=6L= sgL{ (A.T. Kearney) ======================================================#,@)) ===================== $ !#%,)))
!#= a'h PG8 sDkgL (Booz & Company) ====================================#,))) / yk ========== $ !$),)))
!$= af]:6g sG;lN6ª u|'k (Boston Consulting Group) ============== ^,@)) ===================== $ !$#,&%)
!%= PkhL d]l8sn (Apogee Medical) ===========================================&%) ======================= $ @@),)))
;Sg] Ifdtfsf 5g .
/fd|f] tna lbg] tLg} !% j6f
sDkgLsf] 5f]6f] ;"rL oxfF
lbOPsf] 5 . ;"rLdf ePsf]
gDa/ ! sf] sDkgL a]nfotL
xf] eg] afFsL ;a} cd]l/sL
x'g . kfFr sDkgLx? ;"rgf–
k|ljlw / sl/a Tolt g} ljQLo
sfd;DaGwL 5g . gDa/ #–&
sf] cf};t tna ! nfv @%
/ gDa/ (–!) sf] cf};t !
nfv #) xhf/ 5 .
k]h $ sf] afFsL ==================
atfOG5 . Jofj;flos tyf
lj1fkgdf ;+uLt lbgfn] klg
oL Joj;foLsf] sfd a9bf] 5 .
w]/} sdfpg] !) Ü sf] jflif{s
sdfO *^ xhf/ !!) ;Dd 5
eg] sd sdfpg] !) Ü sf]
sdfO @! xhf/ $%) 8n/
5 .
;g @))@ b]lv @)!@
;Dd !&* Ü a9]/
!% xhf/ (^)
ylkP . ;g @)!@
df oL k]zfjfnx?
@$ xhf/ ($)
hgf lyP, h;n] jif{sf] cf};t
$& xhf/ #%) 8n/ sdfPsf]
kfOof] .
• k]6«f]lnod OlGhlgo;{ (Petro-
leum Engineers)
k]6«f]lnod OlGhlgo/x?
cd]l/sfdf w]/} sdfpg] k]zf–
jfn x'g, h;sf] cf};t jflif{s
cfDbfgL ! nfv #) xhf/
@*) 8n/ 5 .
o;sf nflu :gfts
tx k"/f u/]sf] / sfd ug{
nfO;]G; k|fKt u/]sf] x'g'–
k5{ . nfO;]G; kfpg $ jif{ sfd
u/]sf] cg'ej x'g cfjZos
x'G5 .
;g @))@ b]lv ;g @)!@
df of] k]zfjfn @@& Ü a9]/
@% xhf/ @*) ylkP . ;g
@)!@ df oL k]zfjfnx? #^
xhf/ $!) hgf lyP .
• ;le{; o'lg6 ck/]6;{, cfon,
Uof; / dfOlgª (Service Unit
Operators, Oil, Gas and
Mining)
k|fs[lts ;|f]tsf] pkof]u
ug]{ sfo{df ;+nUg Joj;foLdWo]
;aeGbf a9L /f]huf/ a9]sf
k]zf …;le{; o'lg6 ck/]6/Ú
xf] . hldgaf6 t]n lgsfNg]
sfd a9]sfn] 6]S;;, cf]Snxfdf,
n'Olhofgf / gy{ 8sf]6fdf oL
k]zfjfnsf] dfu a9]sf] 5 .
;g @))@ b]lv ;g @)!@
df of] k]zfjfn #^% Ü a9]/
$$ xhf/ *&) ylkP . ;g
@)!@ df oL k]zfjfnx? %!
xhf/ !*) hgf lyP, h;n]
jif{sf] cf};t $! xhf/ (&)
8n/ sdfPsf] kfOof] .
bls.gov

6. ^
@)!$clk|n,jif{$c+s%*
cf}ifwL lkmtf{ ug]{ lbg
clk|nsf] @^ nfO{ /fli6«o
l;kmfl/z ul/Psf cf}ifwL lkmtf{
ug]{ lbg (National Prescription
DrugTake-BackDay)sf ?kdf
lrlgG5 . of] lbj;sf]
p2]Zo 8fS6/n] n]lvlbPsf t/
ldlt gf3]sf jf sfd gnfUg]
cf}ifwLsf] ;'/lIft, ;'ljwfhgs,
/ lhDd]jf/k"0f{ lj;h{g ug'{
-tx nufpg'_ sf ;fy} o:tf
cf}ifwLsf] ;+efljt b'?kof]uk|lt
cfdgful/snfO{ ;r]t u/fpg'
xf] .
o; jif{ clk|n @^ zlgaf/
k/]sf] 5 . o;/L cf}ifwL tx
nufpg] ;do laxfg !) ah]–
b]lv @ ah];Dd tf]lsPsf]
5 . ;a} /fHosf ljleGg
:yfgdf o:tf cf}ifwL lkmtf{
ug]{ jf tx nufpg] 7fpF
tf]lsPsf x'G5g . o:tf :yfg
sxfF 5g egL yfxf kfpg
www.dea.gov df lSns
ug'{xf]; jf *))–**@–(%#(
df kmf]g ug'{xf]; .
dea.gov
‘jf6; ck <’ (What’s Up ?)
clejfbg ug]{ Ps tl/sf
e]6 x'Fbf xfdLnfO{ s;}n] jf
s;}nfO{ xfdLn] …jf6; ckÚ
(What’s Up) eG5f}+ . ;'Gbf jf
eGbf cln cgf}7f] nfu]
-xKsfP/ eg]sf] xf] h:tf]
nfu]_ klg of] ;fdfGo
clejfbg xf] .
sf6'{gn] k|l;4 agfof]
o;/L clejfbg ug]{ tl/sf
k'/fgf] xf] . slxn]b]lv rNof]
eg]/ eGg ;lsb}g . t/ ;g
!($) sf] bzsdf sf6'{g
rnlrq aU; aGgL (Bugs
Bunny) n] …jf6; ck 8s <Ú
(What’s up Doc?) eg]/ of]
clejfbgsf] y]uf]nfO{ k|l;4
agfof] .
kof{ox¿
o;nfO{ jf;;k (wassup),
Xjf6 ck (what up), jfh ck
(waz up), Xjf:;ck (whas-
sup), jfhck (wazzup),
cflb eg]/ klg k|of]u u/]sf]
kfOG5 .
cy{
o;sf] k|of]u em§ e]6bf
ul/g] clejfbg xf] .
o;sf] cy{ o:tf] x'G5M …s]
ub{5f} <Ú, …s] 5 va/ <Ú, …s]
eO/x]5 <Ú, …s:tf] nflu/x]
sf] 5 <Ú, …s] 5 gofF gf}nf] <Ú
cflb xf] .
df;'
gvfg] lbg
xKtfdf b'O{ lbg labf . labfdf
cln a9L vfgf, To;df df;'
vfg] w]/}sf] cg'ej 5 .
To;}n] ;f]daf/ df;' gvfg] rng
cd]l/sfaf6 yflnPsf] 5 .
…df;'lagfsf] ;f]daf/Ú (Meat-
less Monday) ;g @))# df
cd]l/sL Joj;foL l;8 ng{/
(Sid Lerner) n] z'? u/]sf
x'g . z'qmaf/ e'StfgLsf] lbg
(payday), zlgaf/ v]Ng] lbg
(play day) / cfOtaf/ k|fy{gf
ug]{ lbg (pray day) ePkl5
;f]daf/ s] t < eGg] pQ/sf
?kdf df;' gvfg] ;f]daf/sf]
cjwf/0ff NofPsf x'g .

7. &@)!$clk|n,jif{$c+s%*
d cfOcf/P; (IRS) x'F .
cfOcf/P;sf] k"/f cy{
OG6/gn /]leGo' ;le{;
(Internal Revenue Ser-
vice) xf] .
n n n
d]/f] d cd]l/sfsf] cy{
-/fHosf]if_ dGqfno (De-
partment of the Treasury)
sf] ljefu -Ph]G;L_ x'F. d
;/sf/sf] s/;DaGwL
sfd ug]{ lgsfo x'F . o;
Ph]G;Ln] s/ ;+sng
tyf s/sf] lgod–sfg'g
sfof{Gjog ug]{ h:tf
s/;DaGwL ;a} sfd u5{ .
n n n
o;sf] d'Vo sfof{no
b]zsf] /fhwfgL jfl;+u6g
l8;L (Washington, D.C.)
df 5 eg] b]ze/ o;sf
zfvfx¿ 5g.
n n n
cd]l/sfdf u[xo'4 rln–
/x]sf a]nf km/s gfddf
;g !*^@ h'nfO{ ! df
o;sf] :yfkgf ePsf] xf] .
n n n
o;sf k|d'vdf cfo'St
(Commissioner) /xG5g .
cfOcf/P; sfof{nodf sfd
ug]{ sl/a ! nfv ^ xhf/
-;g @)!)_ sd{rf/L 5g .
n n n
cfOcf/P;sf] j]a;fO6
www.irs.gov xf] .
cfOcf/P;
(IRS)
cnL{ l/lnh (Early Release
Day) dfqsf] k|of]u cGo 7fpFdf
eP klg :s"n;DaGwL Ps
;Gbe{df w]/} k|of]u x'G5 .
:s"ndf k9fO x'g] k"/f ;do
gk9fO labf lbg] lbgnfO{ cnL{
l/lnh 8] (Early Release Day)
elgG5 . ;fdfGo af]nLrfnLdf
o;nfO{ cnL{ l/lnh dfq klg
eGg] ul/G5 .
o:tf] labf ;fdfGotM b'O{
p2]Zosf nflu x'G5 . tL x'gM
à df};d lau|bf jf s'g}
ljklQsf sf/0f o;/L labf
lbOG5 . df};dsf sf/0f ;a}–
nfO{ oyfl:yltdf 3/ k'¥ofpg
ufx|f] x'g] cg'dfg eP, cnL{
l/lnh x'G5 . To:t} ckem{6
lg0f{o s'g} ljklQ cfOk/] klg
x'g;S5 .
rfF8f] labf lbg] lbg
(Early Release Day)
à :s"nn] cfˆgf] ljleGg sfd
ug{ cltl/St ;do rflxPdf
klg k"j{–;"rgf lbP/ cnL{
l/lnh u5{g . o:tf] ;oddf
:s"ndf lgdf{0f x'g ;S5,
lzIfs–lzlIfsfsf tflnd,
of]hgf tof/Lsf sfd, jf cGo
sfd x'g;S5g jf pxfFx?
;lDdlnt a}7s x'g;S5 jf
Joj:yfkgsf ljifodf s'g}
sfd x'g;S5 .
bf];|f] p2]Zosf nflu :s"n g}
aGb u/]/ sfdx? u/]sf] kfOG5,
h;nfO{ …gf] :s"n 8]Ú (No
School Day) elgG5 . gf] :s"n
8]sf] clu|d hfgsf/L :s"nsf]
Sofn]G8/ -kfqf]_, ;"rgf,
:s"nsf] j]a;fO6, :s"n;DaGwL
jflif{s k':ts, jf :s"n–8fo/L
cflbdf x'g ;S5 .
1955
clk|n !% s/ km:of}{6 ug]{
clGtd lbg xf] .
Oltxf;
sl/a Ps ;o jif{cl3sf]
;Gbe{ xf] . ;g !(!# df
of] Dofb dfr{ ! lyof] . ;g
!(!# km]a|'c/L # df s+u|];n]
o;nfO{ ;+zf]wg u/L kfl/t
u¥of] / ^ xKtf ;do lbof] .
ToxL eP/ s/ a'emfpg] ;do
dfr{ ! ePsf] lyof] . of] Dofb
w]/}sf nflu /x]g . s/;DaGwL
P]g !(!* n] of] DofbnfO{
dfr{ !% k'¥ofof] . ;g !(%%
cfOk'Ubf s]xL s/–;+lxtf
;+zf]wgn] Ps dlxgf yk]/
clk|n !% df k'¥ofOof] .
To;kl5 clk|n !% aGof] .
;do klg ylkG5
;g @)!@ clk|n !& /
;g @)!! clk|n !* ;Dd
Dofb ylkPsf] lyof] . of] eg]
/fhwfgL jfl;+u6g l8=;L=df
k/]sf] d'lSt lbj; (Emancipa-
tion Day) sf sf/0f ePsf]
lyof] . ;g @)!@ clk|n !%
df pSt lbj; cfOtaf/ k¥of]
/ o;sf] Dofb !& df ;¥of] .
;g @)!! clk|n !% df pSt
lbj; z'qmaf/ k¥of] / Dofb
!* df ;fl/Psf] lyof] .

8. *
@)!$clk|n,jif{$c+s%*
• cage :
gfd– lk+h8f, s}b,
‰ofnvfg÷‰ofnvfgf, vf]/,
l7ªu'/f], sf]qmf .
lqmof– lk+h8fdf y'Gg', s}b ug{',
‰ofnVffgdf xfNg' .
• cake :
gfd– /f]6L, ld7fO{, s]s,
dfnk'cf .
lqmof– s]s h:tf] cfsf/÷?k
lbg', s]s agfpg', s8f x'g' .
• calculate :
gfd– cg'dfg, u0fgf, lx;fa .
lqmof– lx;fa ug'{, u0fgf ug'{,
uGg' .
• calculation :
gfd– u0fgf, uGtL, lx;fa,
kl/sNkgf, n]vf .
• California :
gfd– cd]l/sfsf] Ps /fHo,
Soflnkmf]lg{of .
• call :
gfd– af]nfx6, cfXjfg,
cfjfxg, lrRofx6, af]n, 8fFs,
k'sf/ .
lqmof– af]nfpg', lemsfpg', ;+1f
lbg', sf}nf:g', k'sfg'{, sxg',
xsfg'{, xkfg'{, e]6g' .
la6 dfbf{dfb}{
sfdM x/fpFbf / km}nFbf
cd]l/sfdf sfd g} hLjgsf]
kof{o xf] . sfdsf nflu
ljleGg :t/sf] ;Lk
cfjZos x'G5 . ;Lk geO
sfd ug{ sl7g x'G5 .
;Lksf nflu lzIff, tflnd
cflb rflxG5 .
;LknfO{ a]nf–avt
rDsfpg] ug'{k5{ . ;Lk;Fu
;DalGwt yk tflnd jf
lzIff lng'k5{ . olt ln+bf
cfkm" sfd ul//xg ;lsG5 .
;Lk l;+ufg]{ sfd ubf{–
ub}{ klg s'g} sfd x/fP/
hfg ;S5g .
To;}n] klg cd]l/sfdf
xfdLn] sfdaf/] yf]/–ax't
hfgsf/L /fVg cfjZos
x'G5 .
wGojfb
bf;bf;L d'lStsf] sfd
gful/s k/LIff (Civic Test) sf]
lstfasf] k|Zg &^ / pQ/M
à d'lSt -bf;k|yf pGd'ng_ sf]
3f]if0ffn] s] sfd u¥of] < (What
did the Emancipation Proc-
lamation do?)
– bf;bf;Lx¿nfO{ :jtGq u/]sf]
lyof] (freed the slaves)
– blIf0fL dxf;+3sf /fHoaf6
bf;bf;Lx¿ d'St u/]sf] lyof]
(freed slaves in the Con-
federacy)
c+u|]hL zAb ;"rL -26_
c+u|]hLdf ;fwf/0f af]nrfn ug{ sl/a # xhf/ zAb eP k'U5, tLdWo]sf zAbsf] 5AaL;f}+ ;"rL
-efu @^_
– ;+uL /fHox¿af6 bf;bf;Lx¿
d'St u/]sf] lyof] (freed
slaves in the Confederate
states)
– blÔ0fsf w]/} /fHox¿af6
bf;bf;Lx¿ d'St u/]sf] lyof]
(freed slaves in most
Southern states)
• •
s'g} Pp6f atfP x'G5 .
• •
;g !*^# df u[xo'4
rln/x]sf] lyof], /fi6«klt
ca|fxd lnªsg (Abraham
Lincoln) n] bf;k|yf pGd'ngsf]
3f]if0ff ug'{eof] . pSt
3f]if0ffn] blIf0f jf blIf0fsf]
:j3f]lift dxf;+3sf /fHodf
a:g] bf;bf;L d'St eP . w]/}
d'St–bf;bf;L pQ/sf] kIfsf
;]gf etL{ eP . ;g !*^%
df u[xo'4 ;lsof] . blIf0fsf
bf;bf;Lx?n] d'lStsf]
3f]if0ffnfO{ Jojxf/df kfP .
;+ljwfgsf] !# cf}+ ;+zf]wgdf
bf;–pGd'ngnfO{ ;d]l6of] .
• calm :
ljz]if0f– 7G8f, zfGt, l:y/,
9'Ss, lgw{Ss, lglZrGt,
lg:t's, lagf x8a8L, lagf
xfjfsf] .
gfd– zflGt .
lqmof– zfGt kfg'{, l:yt x'g',
9'Ss x'g' .
• camera :
gfd– Sofd/f, t:jL/oGq,
5ljoGq, PsfGt sf]7f .
• camp :
gfd– lzlj/, SofDk, pklgj]z,
s6s, 8]/f, af; .
lqmof– af; a:g', kfn 6fªg',
8]/f ug'{ .
• campaign :
gfd– cleofg, o'4, cfGbf]ng .
lqmof– n8fOF ug'{ .
• camping :
gfd– lzlj/ af;, alx{jf; .
• can :
gfd– efF8f], l6g, 8Aaf, l8Aaf,
l;udf+u .
lqmof– l6g÷8Aaf÷l8Aafdf
/fVg'÷xfNg', ;Sg', ;+ej x'g' .
• Canada :
gfd– Sofg8f, cd]l/sfb]lv
pQ/sf] d'n's .
• canal :
gfd– gx/, s'nf], k}gL÷k}g
Sof/L, gn, s'n];f], gfnf÷gfnL,
kgfnL÷kgfnf], vf]N;f], vfFb .
lqmof– gx/, s'nf], k}gL÷k}g,
Sof/L, gn, s'n];f], gfnf÷gfnL,
kgfnL÷kgfnf] jf vf]N;f]
agfP/ af6f] lbg' .
• cancel :
gfd– /2, vfl/h÷vf/]h, ab/,
lkmtf{ .
lqmof– /2 ug'{, vfl/h÷vf/]h
ug'{, ab/ ug'{, sf6g', w'nfpg',
d]6g', lkmtf{ lng' .
• cancer :
gfd– SofG;/ -/f]u_, ss{6
/flz .
• candidate :
gfd– pDd]bjf/, k|fyL{, cfj]bs,
ofrs, kbflenfifL, k/LIffyL{,
k|TofzL, k|j]zfyL{, cyL{ .
• candy :
gfd– ld>L, u'lnof], ld7fO,
lkk/-n_d]G6, k'i6sf/L .
lqmof– ld7fO agfpg' .
qmdzM
Gyan Jyoti Kendra, 49 Lane Road, Chichester, NH 03258, Email : aksharica.communication@gmail.com, URL : http://gyanjyotikendra.org/
Editor : Rajesh Koirala, Co-ordinator : Tara Acharya, Managing Director : Sattan Acharya