Aksharica (अक्षरिका) is a Nepali Language Newsletter. Aksharica is made with a combination of two words “Akshar” and “America”. Akshar means “letter” in Nepali, thus goal of the Aksharica is to educate, inform, inspire, and empower the Nepali speaking community (Bhutanese and Nepalese) residing in America. Rajesh Koirala is working as an editor since it started on August 2010. This is 38th issue, published on September, 2012.

1. o;leq s] s] <
g c+s 1fg========================@
g s] xf] M k|f]8o';===============@
g d x'FM s]G6sL=================#
g udL{af6 aRg] pkfo=======#
g gful/s k|Zg–pQ/=========#
g rNtLsf c+u|]hL zAb======$
g cu:tsf rf8kj{===========$
@)!@ ;]K6]Da/
jif{ # c+s #*
;Dkfblso
t];|f] jif{tkm{sf] ofqf
…cIfl/sfÚ Go'hn]6/ lg:sg
yfn]sf] b'O{ jif{ k'u]sf] 5 . ;g
@)!) cu:tdf o;sf] gd'gf
c+s / ;]K6]Da/df klxnf] c+s
lg:s]sf] lyof] . z'?df o;nfO{
!%–!% lbgdf lgsfNg yflnPsf]
lyof] . ;g @)!! cS6f]a/b]lv
eg] dlxgfdf Psk6s lgsfNg
yflnPsf] xf] . :jo+;]jL k|of;sf
?kdf z'? ul/Psf] of] Go'hn]6/n]
cd]l/sf / Sofg8fsf w]/}
kf7ssf] dfof kfPsf] 5 .
kf7ssf] ;'emfjsf cfwf/df
ljifo 5gf}6 ub}{ cfPsf 5f}+ . o;
bf}/fgdf tkfO{n] lbPsf] dfofn]
xf};nf ldNb} cfPsf] 5 . To;}n]
dfof / xf};nf hf/L /xg] cfzf
u5f}{+ . wGojfb
clxn] dR58sf sf/0f …j]:6
gfOn efO/;Ú (West Nile
Virus) dflg;df km}lnPsf]
5 . kl5Nnf] tYof+scg';f/
of] efO/;n] $! hgfsf] d[To'
eO;s]sf] 5 eg] sl/a !
xhf/ @ ;o hgf k|efljt
ePsf 5g . of] cnf:sf,
xjfO{, ed{G6 h:tf /fHo /
e"efuafx]s $& /fHodf
b]lvPsf] l;l8;L (Centers for
Disease Control and Preven-
tion, CDC) n] hgfPsf] 5 .
sxfFaf6 ;5{ <
of] efO/; r/fx?af6
dR58df / efO/; ePsf
dR58n] 6f]s]kl5 dflg;df
;5{ . pkrf/sf qmddf x'g]
c+u–k|Tof/f]k0f, /f]uLsf] /ut,
gofF hGd]sf] lzz'df la/fdL
cfdfaf6 klg /f]u ;5{ .
…j]:6 gfOn efO/;
s;}nfO{ 5'Fb}df jf r'Dag ubf{
eg] ;b}{g,Ú l;l8;L eG5 .
To;}n] st} d/]sf] r/f
b]lvof] eg] vfnL xftn]
g5'g'xf]; . :jf:Yo–s]Gb|af6
;xfotf dfUg'xf]; .
slxn] a9L x'G5 <
o;af6 k|efljt x'g]sf]
j]:6 gfOn efO/;af6 aRg]
;aeGbf pQd pkfo dR58n]
cfkm"nfO{ g6f]sfpg' g} xf] .
;+Vof udL{df XjfQ} a95 /
z/b Ct';Dd hf/L /xG5 .
/f]syfdsf nflu
xfdL a;]sf 7fpFx?df
nfdv'§]–lgoGq0fsf nflu
ljiffbL l5l6G5 . o;af6 j]:6
gfOn efO/; a9g lb+Ob}g .
JolStut ?kdf cfkm"n]
cfˆgf] /Iff ug'{k5{ . nfdv'§]
6f]Sg ;Sg] 7fpF / ;dodf
cfkm" ;r]t /xg' k5{ .
laxfg÷a]n'sf dR58 ;lqmo
x'G5g, To;a]nf jf 3/aflx/
sfd ug'{x'G5 jf a:g'x'G5 eg]
dR58 h:tf ls6 wkfpg]
cf]vtL (Insect repellent)
k|of]u ug'{k5{ . k"/f afx'nf
ePsf n'uf nufpg'k5{ .
3/sf ‰ofn–9f]sf ;w}+
nufO/fVg'k5{ . ‰ofn–9f]sfdf
hfnLdf Kjfn k/]sf] 5 sL
Vofn ug'{k5{ . 3/j/k/ kfgL
hDg lbg'x'Gg . 3/kfn'jf jf
r/fsf] kfgL vfg] efF8f]df kfgL
km]l//xg'k5{ .
s;nfO{ ;fx|f] kf5{ <
;fgf gfgLsf ;fy} %) jif{
k'u]sf dflg;df o;sf] k|efj
rfF8f] x'g] / o;n] lgs}
unfpg] u5{ .
nIf0f s] x'g <
j]:6 gfOn efO/;sf] nIf0f
o:tf] /f]uaf6 ;+qmldt dR58n]
6f]s]sf] # b]lv !$ df
b]lvG5 . ladf/n] lgs}
Rofk]sf] eP Hj/f] cfpg],
6fpsf] b'Vg], z/L/ b'Vg],
sDkg, emgSs l/;fpg],
df+zk]zL sdhf]/ x'g], a]xf];
x'g], afGtf cfpg] cflb x'G5 .
t/ *) k|ltztnfO{ o:tf s'g}
nIf0f gb]lvg ;S5 .
pkrf/ s] xf] <
t'?Gt} yfxf kfP, lgsf]
kfg{ ;lhnf] 5 . ladf/ w]/}
lbgsf] ePkl5 yfxf eof] eg]
c:ktfn egf{ x'g'k5{ . To;}n]
;fx|f] 6fpsf] b'Vof], Hj/f] cfof]
eg] lrlsT;ssf] ;xfotf
lnFbf /fd|f] x'G5 . ue{jtL cfdf
/ ;fgf gfgLnfO{ b"w v'jfpg]
cfdfn] eg] lgs} ;r]t x'g
l;l8;Ln] cfu|x u/]sf] 5 .
dR58n] Nofp“b}5
j]:6 gfOn efO/;
cdc.gov

2. @
5w]/}h;f] /fHodf :s"n hfg yfNg]
gfgLsf] pd]/ :s"n hfg] jif{sf]
;]K6]Da/ ! df % jif{ k'u]sf] x'g'k5{ .
olb s'g} gfgL ToxL jif{sf] cS6f]a/df
% jif{ k'U5 eg] :s"n hfg ldNb}g .
csf]{ jif{dfq :s"n hfg ldN5 . To:t}
cfpFbf] jif{ clk|ndf % jif{ k'U5 eg]
klg :s"n v'Ng] ;do;Dd s'g'{k5{ .
k|To]s /fHo (State)÷:s"n l8l:6«S6
(School District) n] :yfgLo :s"nsf
lgod agfpF5g . /fHo / :s"n
l8l:6«S6n] s] s:tf] lgod agfPsf 5g
a'‰g'xf]; . glhssf] :s"n hfg'xf];,
cfkm"eGbf klxn] cd]l/sf cfPsf
Oi6ldq÷;fyLefO{nfO{ ;f]Wg'xf]; .
Aofs 6' :s"n
udL{–labf ;lsPkl5 gfgLx¿ :s"n÷sn]h
kms{G5g . o;sf tof/Ldf gfgLx¿sf nflu
lsgd]n ug]{ sfdnfO{ ‘Aofs 6' :s"n’ (Back
to school) sf] lsgd]n elgG5 . of] lsg–
d]ndf gfgLx¿n] cfgf] cfjZostfcg';f/
ljleGg ;fdu|L, n'ufkmf6f vl/b u5{g .
cd]l/sL :s"nx¿ Ps jif{df ;fdfGotM !
;o *) lbg nfU5g . :s"n nfUg] lbg / labf
/fHolkR5] km/s x'g;S5 . :s"n–labf
/ :s"n nfUg] lbgsf] lg0f{o /fHo ;/sf/
jf :s"n l8l:6«S6n] u5{g .
pQ/sf ;a}h;f] :s"n n]a/ 8]
-;]K6]Da/sf] klxnf] ;f]daf/_ kl5 v'N5g /
csf]{ jif{ h"gdf udL{–labfsf nflu aGb
x'G5g . blIf0fsf :s"n dWo–cu:tdf v'N5g
/ csf]{ jif{ dWo–d]df aGb x'G5g .
cfgf gfgLsf :s"n÷
sn]hdf k9fO{ yflng] hfgsf/L
cfkm}+ lng'xf]; . :s"n v'Ng] /
aGb x'g] ;do oxf“ elgPeGbf
km/s x'g;S5 .
Ps k|ltj]bgdf lxGb' cd]l/sg
cd]l/sfdf a:g] PlzofnL d"nsf
afl;Gbfaf/] k|sflzt Ps k|ltj]bgn] lxGb'
wdf{jnDaL ;d'bfosf] cfly{s–;fdflhs
cj:yf c? wd{df cf:yf /fVg]eGbf pRr
/x]sf] pNn]v u/]sf] 5 . pQm k|ltj]bg
…lkp kmf]/d cg l/lnhg PG8 klAns
nfOkmÚ (Pew Forum on Religion and
Public Life) ;+:yfn] k|sflzt u/]sf] xf] /
k|ltj]bgsf] gfd …Plzog cd]l/sG; M c
df]hfOs ckm km]Y;Ú (Asian Americans: A
Mosaic of Faiths) xf] .
Plzog–cd]l/sgdWo] !) k|ltzt lxGb'
5g . sl/a *% k|ltzt lxGb'–cd]l/sgn]
sn]h jf ljZjljBfnosf] cWoog k"/f
u/]sf 5g . %& k|ltztn] Tof]eGbf
dflyNnf] tx k"/f u/]sf 5g . %& k|ltzt
lxGb'–kl/jf/sf] cfDbfgL Ps nfv 8n/ jf
;f]eGbf a9L 5 . &) k|ltztsf] jflif{s
cfDbfgL &% xhf/ 8n/ 5 .
of] k|ltj]bg tof/ kfbf{ Plzofaf6
cfPsf ljleGg wd{df cf:yf /fVg]
dflg;x?;Fu k|Zgx? /flvPsf] /
jgef]h M pQ/–k"jL{ /fHo Go' XofD;/df a:g] g]kfnL–efifLx¿sf nflu :yfgLo ;dfh;]jL 8un;
xn (Douglas Hall) / pxfFsL wd{kTgL s]6 xn (Kate Hall) n] cu:t !@ df cfof]hgf u/]sf]
jgef]hdf g[To ub}{ dlxnfx? . ;dfh;]jL xnnfO{ o; If]qdf 8u xn (Doug Hall) sf gfdn]
lrlgG5 . xn–bDklQn] jif]{lg udL{sf a]nf g]kfnL–efifLx¿sf nflu Pp6f jgef]h cfof]hgf
ub}{ cfpg'ePsf] 5 . o; jif{sf] jgef]hdf kfFr ;oeGbf a9Lsf] ;xeflutf lyof] .
o; jif{sf] jgef]h
cIfl/sf
ef/tLo d"nsf lxGb'nfO{ a9L k|Zg
/flvPsfn] pgLx?sf] a9L hfgsf/L
cfPsf] 5 . g]kfnL d"nsf lxGb'sf] tYof+s
cfPsf] 5÷5}g :ki6 5}g .
&* k|ltzt lxGb'sf 3/df k"hf
ug]{ 7fpF 5 . ;a}h;f] OlG8og–
cd]l/sgn] lbkfjnL agfpg] u/]sf]
atfP . ;/b/ &# k|ltzt lxGb'n] lqm;d;
agfpg] u/]sf] atfP . #) k|ltzt lxGb'n]
c? wdf{jnDaLsf] ljleGg wfld{s
;+:sf/df hfg] u/]sf] atfPsf lyP .
cd]l/sfn] lnPsf] cfk|jf;–lgltsf
sf/0f lxGb'–cd]l/sgnfO{ ;lhnf] ePsf]
lj1 atfpF5g . ;g !(^% sf] cfk|jf;
sfg'g / Pr!–aL le;fn] lxGb' a9]sf
x'g . oxL ;'ljwfsf sf/0f k|z:t 8fS6/
/ OlGhlgo/x? cd]l/sf cfPsf 5g .
lxGb'–cd]l/sgaf/] o:tf] lj:t[t
k|ltj]bg cfPsf] of] klxnf] xf] .
PewForumonReligionandPublicLife

3. #
d z/b Ct' x'F . z/b Ct'nfO{ c+u|]hLdf
c6d (Autumn) jf kmn (Fall) eG5g .
cd]l/sfdf rf/ j6f dfq Ct' x'G5g .
z/bafx]s cGo tLg Ct' M j;Gt
(Spring), u[id (Summer), lxpFb
(Winter) 5g.
Ct'nfO{ c+u|]hLdf l;hg (Season)
elgG5 .
n n n
of] Ct'df cd]l/sfsf] pQ/sf /fHosf
s]xL ?vsf kft /ftf, kx]+nf x'G5g .
clg kftx¿ lj:tf/} em5{g .
n n n
o; jif{sf] z/b Ct' ;]K6]Da/ @# df
z'? x'G5 . k|To]s jif{ z/b z'? x'g]
lbg km/s k5{ .
n n n
z/bdf km]l/Psf] df};d x]g{ cd]l/sfsf]
blIf0faf6 dflg;x¿ pQ/sf /fHox¿df
cfpF5g .
n n n
o; Ct'nfO{ udL{af6 lxpF kg]{ Ct'df
hfg] cGtl/d ;dosf ?kdf x]l/G5 .
n n n
k[YjLnfO{ t];f]{af6 cfwf–cfwf kfbf{
pQ/tkm{ kg]{ efunfO{ pQ/L uf]nf4{
(Northern Hemisphere) elgG5 eg]
blIf0ftkm{sf] efunfO{ blIf0fL uf]nf4{
(Southern Hemisphere) elgG5 .
z/b Ct' pQ/L uf]nf4{df ;]K6]Da/df
z'? x'G5 eg] blIf0fL uf]nf4{df dfr{df
z'? x'G5 .
z/b Ct'
cu]gf] -kmfo/–lk6_
df cfuf] afNbf
lr;f] a9g yfn]kl5 3/–aflx/ cfuf]
afNg] rng 5 . cfuf] afNbf xf]lzof/L
ckgfpg'k5{ . cfuf] afNg cd]l/sfdf
…tof/L cu]gf]Ú (Fire Pit_ kfOG5g .
o;df cfuf] afNbf ;'/lIft x'G5 .
;'/lIft x'Fbfx'Fb} klg xfdLn] o:tf s'/fdf
xf]lzof/ x'g'k5{M
• ;'/lIft 7fp“ M cfuf]n] l6kL xfNg] j:t'–
Uof;f]lng, l8h]n, dl§t]n cflb /fv]sf]
7fpFglhs kmfo/–lk6 gafnf}+ .
• Hjnglzn k|of]u gu/f}+ M cfuf] afNg jf
gful/s k/LIff (Civic Test) sf]
k':tssf yk k|Zg–pQ/ M
!= xfdLn] lgi7fsf] zky -/fi6«elQm÷
/fi6«–lgi7fsf] k|lt1f_ lng' jf xfdLn]
akmfbf/L b]vfpg' eg]sf] s]÷s;df lgi7f
b]vfPsf] xf] < (What do we show
loyalty to when we say the Pledge of
Allegiance?)
– • /fi6« jf ;+o'Qm /fHo cd]l/sf
(The United States) sf nflu .
• /fli6«o–em08f (The Flag) sf nflu .
– – – – – –
-/fli6«o–em08f cd]l/sfsf] dxÎjk"0f{
lrXg xf] . /fli6«o–em08fnfO{ ;Ddfg
k|s6 ubf{ of] cfbz{–jfSo;lxt lgi7f
k|s6 ul/G5– ‘I pledge allegiance
to the Flag of the United States of
/fi6«/em08fsf]akmfbf/L
cfuf] hufpg – Uof;f]lng, l8h]n, dl§t]n
cflb k|of]u gug'{xf]; .
• ;fgf gfgL 6f9f M ;fgf gfgLnfO{ kmfo/–lk6
rnfpg glbg'xf]; . 3/–kfn'jf hgfj/ klg
6f9} /fVg'xf]; .
• sk8f M cfuf]n] l6kLxfNg] vfnsf v's'nf
h:tf] – gfOng (Nylon_ sf n'uf
gnufpg'xf]; .
• h] klg gxfnf}+ M cfuf]df kmf]xf]/, kft, sfuh,
sf8{af]8{ jf KnfOp8 gxfnf}+ . ;Nnf] (Pine)
/ w"kL (Cedar) sf sf7 gafnf}+ . s8f
sf7sf bfp/f k|of]u u/f}+ .
• 9Ssg M kmfo/–lk6df 9Ssg x'G5 . cfuf]
afNbf jf o;sf] vt/f a9] 9Ssg nufcf}+ .
• gsf]rf}+ M sf7 w]/} gxfnf}+ . cu]gf]df sf7
gsf]rf}+ .
• xfjf M cfuf] afNg'cl3 xfjf stfaf6
rn]sf] Vofn ug'{xf]; .
• cfuf] lgefpg] M cfuf] lgefpg] /ftf] efF8f]
(Fire extinguisher or garden hose) glhs}
/fVg'xf]; .
;|f]t M fema.gov
America and to the Republic for which it
stands, one Nation, under God, indivisible,
with liberty and justice for all.’ of] jfSodf
/fli6«o–em08f, b]zsf] ;+3Lotf, /fi6«, OZj/,
/fli6«o–Pstf, :jtGqtf / Gofok|lt cfkm"
lgi7fjfg /xG5' elgPsf] 5 . of] cfbz{–
jfSo ;g !*(@ df klxnf]k6s …b of]Y;
sDKoflgogÚ df k|sflzt ePsf]
lyof] . o;sf n]vs k|mflG;; a]nfdL
x'g . sf]nDa;n] cd]l/sf kQfnufPsf]
jflif{sf]T;jdf afnaflnsfsf nflu of] tof/
kfl/Psf] lyof] . ;g !($@ h"g @@ df
cd]l/sL ;+;b …s+u|];Ú n] cf}krfl/s dfGotf
k|bfg u¥of] . of] z'?df n]lvPeGbf km/s
5 . o;df rf/k6s s]xL ;+zf]wg
ul/Psf] 5 . ‘I pledge allegiance to my
Flag’ nfO{ ‘I pledge allegiance to the Flag
of the United States of America' agfOof] /
kl5Nnf]k6s ;g !(%$ h"g !$ df ‘un-
der God’ yk]/ ;+zf]wg ul/Psf] xf] ._
n ;|f]t – Learn About the United
States : Quick Civics Lessons for the
Naturalization Test
cIfl/sfcIfl/sf
cIfl/sf

4. Gyan Jyoti Kendra, 10 Ashley Dr, Manchester, NH 03103, Ph: 603 661 1039, Email : info@aksharica.com,
Website : www. aksharica.com, Editor : Rajesh Koirala, Co-ordinator : Tara Acharya, Managing Director : Sattan Acharya
$
c+u|]hLdf ;fwf/0f af]nrfn ug{ sl/a # xhf/ zAb eP k'U5, tLdWo]sf] cf7f}+ ;"rLM
efu *
c+u|]hL zAb ;"rL -8_
• ankle : uf]nLufF7f] .
• Ann : Pg -klZrdsf b]zx?df k|rlnt
5f]/Lsf] gfd xf] ._
• anniversary : jflif{sf]T;j, jflif{sL,
hoGtL .
• announce : 3f]if0ff ug'{, 3f]lift ug'{,
k|sflzt ug'{ .
• annoy : si6 lbg', b'Mv lbg', lememf] ug{',
s'8ofpg', lr9fpg', lh:Sofpg',
emf]+s p7fpg' .
• annual : ;flnGbf, ;fnlkR5], jif]{lg .
• another : csf]{, cGo, bf];|f] .
• answer : pQ/, hjfkm, egfO .
• anti- prefix : pN6f] cy{ lbg] pk;u{,
h:tf] M k|lt, lg, ck cflb . o:tf pk;u{
hf]8]kl5 zAbsf] cy{ pN6f] x'G5, h:tf] M
k|ltzf]w, lgM;Gtfg, ckzAb cflb .
• anticipate : cl3 g} hfGg', cGbfh ug{'Ù
nv sf6g', c6sn ug'{ .
• ant : sldnf, AofFu] .
• anxiety : lrGtf, pTs07f, Jou|tf, ;f]r,
kL/, kL/nf], ;Gtfk, lkmlqm, cfs'ntf, ;'tf{ .
• anxious : ljXjn, b'd{g, lrGtfu|:t,
Jofs'n, lrlGtt, Jou| .
• any : s'g}, sf]xL, h'g;'s}, h:tf] M
anybody - hf]sf]xL, hf];'s}, anyone - s'g}
JolSt, anything - s'g} lrh, s'g} j:t',
anyway- h;/L eP klg, anywhere -
htf;'s}, hxfF eP klg, hxfF ;'s} .
• apart : k[ys, cnu, 5'§} .
• apart from : afx]s, Tof]eGbf km/s,
cnUu} .
• apartment : ckf6{d]G6 -slxn]sfxLF
sf]7fnfO{ klg ckf6{d]G6 elgG5_ .
• apologize/apologise : Ifdf dfUg', bf]if
l:jsfg'{, v]b k|s6 ug'{ . apologize
cd]l/sL c+u|]hL / apologise a]nfotL
c+u|]hLdf k|of]u x'G5 . (qmdzM_
• cd]l/sf a:g] hf]sf]xL
g]kfnL–efifLsf nflu pkof]uL .
• g]kfnL / c+u|]hL efiffdf ;fdu|L ePsf] .
• !( cWofodf # ;o $) pkof]uL ;fdu|L .
• d"No !$ 8n/ .
lstfa rflxPdf M
http://gyanjyotikendra.org df uP/
‘k':tssf] dfu’ jf Order Books df
lSns ug'{xf]; . ToxfF qm]l86÷8]la6–sf8{ jf
r]sdfkm{t lstfa kfpg] tl/sf pNn]v 5 .
cd]l/sfdf a;f]af;
;8sdf leGg vfnsf hgfj/ cfpF5g .
o:tf hgfj/sf sf/0f wghgsf] Iflt
x'G5 . cd]l/sfsf ;8sdf cfP/ ;jf/Ldf
7f]lSsg] hgfj/df tLg rf}yfO{ d[u
x'G5g . ufO{j:t', 3f]8f, s's'/, efn' cflb
klg ;8sdf cfpF5g . cnf:sf h:tf]
lr;f] /fHodf afx|l;+u] a9L cfpF5g .
cS6f]a/b]lv l8;]Da/;Dd d[ux¿
cfpF5g . hf8f]sf] of] a]nf efn]n] kf]yL
/ kf]yLn] efn] vf]Hg] ePsfn] o;f] ePsf]
xf] .
;8s ;ts{sf zt{
hgfj/sf sf/0f ;8s–b'3{6gf x'g
glbg o:tf ;'emfj lbOPsf] 5 M
• d[u hlxn] klg b]lvg ;S5g .
b]lvof] eg] klg cfˆgf] Psfu|tf sf/af6
cGoq gn}hfg'xf]; . d[ux? ;8s cfpg]
dlxgfx?df laxfg / ;fFemdf uf8L b|'t
ultdf gxfFSg'xf]; .
• uf8L rnfpFbf l;6a]N6 rfxL kSsf
nufpg'xf]; . d[u 7f]lSsbf x'g] b'3{6gfdf
l;6a]N6 gnufPsf sf/0f rfxL+ a9L d[To'
x'g] u/]sf] 5 .
• ;8s–5]p d[u b]lvP uf8Lsf] ult sd
ug'{xf]; . lgs} ;fx|f] aHg] u/L Psk6s
‰jf§ xg{ ahfP/ p;nfO{ wkfpg'xf]; .
• ;8sdf Pp6f d[u b]Vg'eof] eg]
csf]{ klg x'g;S5 . slxn]sfxL+ dfq d[u
PSn} bf}8G5g . o:tf] cj:yfdf efn]n]
kf]yL k5ofPsf] x'g;S5 .
• uf8Lsf] aQLdf d[u b]lvof] eg] d[u
ltld{/fP/ efUnf g;f]Rg'xf]; . d[u t
cNdlnG5 / l7ªu pleG5 .
• ;8sdf d[u b]lvof] eg] a|]s lj:tf/}
nufpg'xf]; .
• uf8L xfFSbf d[u b]lvP, csf]{ af6f] hfg]
sf]lzz gug'{xf]; . cflQP/ uf8L ?v
jf cGo sf/ cflbdf 7f]lSsg;S5 .
df]6/;fOsn eg] df]8g ;lhnf] x'G5 .
lj:tf/} a|]s nufpg'xf]; . gcflQg'xf]; .
df]8g ;Sg] 7fpF 5 eg] df]8]/ afOs
n}hfg'xf]; . d[uaf6 t aRg'eof], c? s]xL
j:t';Fu 7f]lSsg ;S5 .
• d[u 7f]lSsof] eg] uf8LnfO{ ;8s–5]pdf
n}hfg'xf]; . ;xfotfsf nflu k|x/L, ladf
sDkgL cflbnfO{ kmf]g ug'{xf]; . /fhdfu{df
k}bn lx+8g' ;lhnf] x'Gg . uf8Lleq}
a:g'xf]; .
• d[u jf s'g} c? hgfj/ ;8sdf
nl8/x]sf] b]lvP . p7fpg
ghfpg'xf]; . Tof] 9n]sf] dfq x'g;S5 .
gd/]sf] x'g;S5 .
;8s–;+s]t,
hgfj/ / ;ts{tf