Aksharica (अक्षरिका) is a Nepali Language Newsletter. Aksharica is made with a combination of two words “Akshar” and “America”. Akshar means “letter” in Nepali, thus goal of the Aksharica is to educate, inform, inspire, and empower the Nepali speaking community (Bhutanese and Nepalese) residing in America. Rajesh Koirala is working as an editor since it started on August 2010. This is 61st issue, published on July, 2014.

1. o; c+sdf s] s] <
(What is inside ?)
g dxFuf–;:tf sn]hx¿=========!
(Most and least affordable
colleges)
g k9g dxFuf–;:tf /fHo=======@
(States with the most and
least affordable colleges)
g lskmfot d"Nodf lstfa===#
(Books on affordable price)
g ljBfyL{nfO{ ;'emfj==============$
(Tips for college students)
g cd]l/sfdf ljb]zL ljBfyL{===$
(Foreign students in the US)
g tl:a/, ;dfrf/ / ;dLIff===%
(Photo, news and review)
g gful/s k|Zg–pQ/=============^
(Civic Test - One Q/A)
g rNtLsf c+u|]hL zAb=========^
(Most common English
words)
@)!$ h'nfO{
jif{ $ c+s ^!
afFsL csf]{ k]hdf
cd]l/sL lzIff dGqfno (Department of Educa-
tion) n] ;g @)!! kl5 jif{]lg b]zsf dxFuf /
;:tf sn]hsf] ;"rL lgsfNg] u/]sf] 5 .
sn]h–egf{sf] ;donfO{ dWogh/ /fVb}
lgsflng] of] ;"rLn] w]/}nfO{ pRr–lzIffsf nflu
lg0f{o lng ;xfotf u5{ . ;/sf/n]
sn]hx?sf] pknlAw d"Nofªsgsf nflu o:tf]
;"rL k|of]u u5{ .
sn]h–lzIffdf nufgL Ifdtf tyf kf/blz{tf
(College Affordability and Transparency) gfds
k|ltj]bgdf ( k|sf/sf leGgfleGg} ;"rL 5g .
o;k6ssf] k|ltj]bgsf cg';f/ rf/ jif{
k9fpg] ;fj{hlgs pRr–lzIffnox? (tuition at
public, four-year institutions) n] ;g @)!)–!!
af6 ;g @)!@–!# k'Ubf cf};t !# k|ltzt
;fpy8sf]6f:6]6o'lgel;{6L.tl:a/Mk|jL0fuf}td
s'g sn]h dxFuf / ;:tf 5g <
sn]h k9g dxFuf / ;:tf /fHo
^k[i7
o;k6s
MS
sn]h ljz]if
z'Ns j[l4 u/]sf 5g . oxL cjlwdf gLlh,
gfkmf gsdfpg], rf/ jif]{ pRr–lzIffnox?
(private, nonprofit, four-year institutions) df
cf};t !)=( k|ltzt z'Ns j[l4 ePsf] 5 .
ljleGg ( k|sf/df ;"rLdf sd z'Ns lng]x?
o:tf 5gM rf/ jif{ k9fpg] ;fj{hlgs pRr–
lzIffnox?tkm{ sG;f; (Kansas) /fHosf]
xf:s]n OlG8og g];G; o'lgel;{6L (Haskell
Indian Nations University) n] ;g @)!@–!#
df *) 8n/ dfq z'Ns lnPsf] 5 eg] oxL
cjlwdf gLlh, gfkmf gsdfpg], rf/
jif]{ pRr–lzIffnox? gy{ 8sf]6f (North Da-
kota) sf] 66{n dfpG6]g sDo'lg6L
sn]h (Turtle Mountain Community College)

2. @
@)!$h'nfO{,jif{$c+s^!
• c+u|]hLaf6 g]kfnL !@ xhf/
zAbsf] cy{ / g]kfnLaf6
c+u|]hL !% xhf/ zAbsf] cy{
ePsf] .
• %)$ k[i7sf] .
• d"No !^ 8n/ .
lstfa rflxPdf
(If you want to buy
this book, visit fol-
lowing website)M
http://gyanjyotikendra.org
df uP/ ‘k':tssf] dfu’ jf
Order Books df lSns
ug'{xf]; . ToxfF qm]l86÷
8]la6–sf8{ jf r]sdfkm{t
lstfa kfpg] tl/sf
pNn]v 5 .
c+u|]hL–g]kfnL,
g]kfnL–c+u|]hL
l8S;g/L
English-Nepali,
Nepali-English
Dictionary
n] @,@%) 8n/ z'Ns lnPsf] 5 . t/ gfkmf
gsdfpg], rf/ jif]{ pRr–lzIffnox?df
;aeGbf dxFuf] ed{G6 /fHosf] NofG8dfs{ sn]h
b]lvPsf] 5 .
o; jif{sf] ;"rL
pSt k|ltj]bgdf ;dfj]z ( k|sf/sf
leGgfleGg} ;"rLdWo] d'Vo $ ;"rLsf % d'Vo
sn]hx? o:tf 5gM
s"n z'Nssf cfwf/df w]/} dxFufM rf/ jif]{, gLlh
u}/gfkmfd'ns (Most Expensive Net Price:
Four-Year, Private Nonprofits)
!= xN6 OG6/g];gn lahg]; :s"n (Hult
International Business School), Dof;fr';]6;
(MA) M z'Ns– $^,&$^ 8n/
@= :s"n ckm b cf6{ OlG:6Ro'6 ckm
l;sfuf] (School of the Art Institute of Chi-
cago), Olngf]o (IL) M z'Ns – $$,*#* 8n/
#= b af]:6g sGh/e]6/L (The Boston
Conservatory), Dof;fr';]6;M z'Ns– $#,*($
8n/
$= Soflnkmf]lg{of OlG:6Ro'6 ckm b cf6{;
(California Institute of the Arts),
Soflnkmf]lg{of (CA) M z'Ns – $@,^!^ 8n/
%= NofG8dfs{ sn]h (Landmark College),
ed{G6 (VT) M z'Ns – $!,$#& 8n/
s"n z'Nssf cfwf/df w]/} dxFufM rf/ jif]{,
;fj{hlgs (Most Expensive Net Price: Four-
Year Publics)
!= dfofdL o'lgel;{6L (Miami University) –
cS;kmf]8{ (Oxford), cf]xfof] (OH) M
z'Ns – @$,^&$ 8n/
@= k]G;ne]lgof :6]6 o'lgel;{6L (Pennsylva-
nia State University), d'Vo SofDk;,
k]G;ne]lgof (PA) M z'Ns – @@,%^) 8n/
#= sf]nf]/f8f] :s"n ckm dfOG; (Colorado
School of Mines), sf]nf]/f8f] (CO) M z'Ns –
@!,(*) 8n/
$= o'lgel;{6L ckm lk6;au{ (University of
Pittsburgh) – lk6;au{ SofDk;, k]G;ne]lgofM
z'Ns – @!,^$! 8n/
%= o'lgel;{6L ckm Go' XofD;/ (University
of New Hampshire) – d'Vo SofDk;, Go'
XofD;/ (NH) M z'Ns – @!,$@$ 8n/
;jf{lws dxFuf] ;"rL d"NoM rf/ jif]{, gLlh u}/
gfkmfd'ns (Most Expensive List Price: Four-
Year, Private Nonprofits)
!= NofG8dfs{ sn]h, ed{G6M z'Ns – $(,&(#
8n/
@= sf]nlDaof o'lgel;{6L (Columbia Univer-
sity), Go'of]s{ (NY) M z'Ns – $&,@$^ 8n/
#= ;/fx n/]G; sn]h (Sarah Lawrence Col-
lege), Go'of]s{M z'Ns – $^, (@$ 8n/
$= ef:;/ sn]h (Vassar College), Go'of]s{M
z'Ns – $^,@&) 8n/
%= j];lng o'lgel;{6L (Wesleyan Universi-
ty), sg]6Ls6 (CT) M z'Ns – $%,(@* 8n/
;jf{lws dxFuf] ;"rL d"NoM rf/ jif]{, gLlh
u}/;fj{hlgs (Most Expensive List Price:
Four-Year Publics)
!= o'lgel;{6L ckm lk6;au{ – lk6;au{
SofDk;, k]G;ne]lgofM z'Ns – !^,%() 8n/
@= k]G;ne]lgof :6]6 o'lgel;{6L, d'Vo
SofDk;, k]G;ne]lgofM z'Ns – !^,$$$ 8n/
#= o'lgel;{6L ckm Go' XofD;/ – d'Vo
SofDk;, Go' XofD;/M z'Ns – !^,$@@ 8n/
$= sf]nf]/f8f] :s"n ckm dfOG;, sf]nf]/f8f]M
z'Ns – !%,^%$ 8n/
%= o'lgel;{6L ckm ed{G6 (University of
Vermont), ed{G6M z'Ns – !%,@*$ 8n/
à à
o;sf] k"0f{–;"rL x]g{ of] lnªsdf hfg'xf];M
http://collegecost.ed.gov/catc/
dx“uf / ;:tf sn]h ePsf /fHo
s]xL dlxgfcl3 @$÷& jfn l:6«6, PnPn;L
(24/7 Wall St., LLC) gfds Ps ;+:yfn] dxFuf
/ ;:tf sn]h ePsf /fHox?sf] ;"rL tof/
kf/]sf] lyof] . of] ;"rLn] Go' XofD;/
;aeGbf dxFuf] /fHo / jfof]ldª ;aeGbf ;:tf]
/fHo eg]sf] 5 .
cfˆgf /fHosf jfl;Gbf ljBfyL{nfO{ eGbf
aflx/L /fHosf ljBfyL{nfO{ lng] z'Ns eg] ;a}
/fHodf a9L 5 . gy{ Sof/f]nfOgfn] t leqL
ljBfyL{eGbf aflx/sf nfO{ sl/a # u'0ff a9L
z'Ns lng] u/]sf] 5 .
lzIff dGqfno -l8kf6{d]G6 ckm Ph's];g_ sf
tYof+s;Fu s]xL ldNbf] / s]xL gldNbf] eP klg
oL ;"rLsf] hfgsf/L /fVbf /fd|f] x'G5 .
dxFuf sn]h ePsf /fHo
o; ;"rLdf cf};t z'Nssf cfwf/df dxFuf
sn]h -sdaf6 pRr z'Nstkm{_ ePsf bz
afFsL csf]{ k]hdf

3. #@)!$h'nfO{,jif{$c+s^!
/fHox? oL x'gM
!)= jfl;+u6g
cf};t z'NsM !),*!! 8n/
/fHoaflx/sf ljBfyL{sf nfluM @%,!*( 8n/
)(= /f]8 cfONofG8
cf};t z'NsM !),(@@ 8n/
/fHoaflx/sf ljBfyL{sf nfluM @^,^$^ 8n/
)*= ;fpy Sof/f]nfOgf
cf};t z'NsM !!,!#* 8n/
/fHoaflx/sf ljBfyL{sf nfluM @&,!(* 8n/
)&= 8]nfj/
cf};t z'NsM !!,@^! 8n/
/fHoaflx/sf ljBfyL{sf nfluM @&,*!* 8n/
)^= ldl;ug
cf};t z'NsM !!,^)) 8n/
/fHoaflx/sf ljBfyL{sf nfluM #!,$^# 8n/
)%= Olngf]o
cf};t z'NsM !@,%%) 8n/
/fHoaflx/sf ljBfyL{sf nfluM @^,^!& 8n/
)$= Go'h;L{
cf};t z'NsM !@,&!% 8n/
/fHoaflx/sf ljBfyL{sf nfluM @%,@#^ 8n/
)#= k]G;ne]lgof
cf};t z'NsM !@,*)@ 8n/
/fHoaflx/sf ljBfyL{sf nfluM @$,)$@ 8n/
)@= ed{G6
cf};t z'NsM !#,(%* 8n/
/fHoaflx/sf ljBfyL{sf nfluM #$,)%% 8n/
)!= Go' ÅofD;/
cf};t z'NsM !$,^%% 8n/
/fHoaflx/sf ljBfyL{sf nfluM @$,(*& 8n/
;:tf sn]h ePsf /fHo
o; ;"rLdf cf};t z'Nssf cfwf/df ;:tf
sn]h -a9Laf6 sd z'Nstkm{_ ePsf bz
/fHox? oL x'gM
!)= gy{ Sof/f]nfOgf
cf};t z'NsM ^,%!$ 8n/
/fHoaflx/sf ljBfyL{sf nfluM @!,#%@ 8n/
)(= g]ef8f
cf};t z'NsM ^,#*& 8n/
/fHoaflx/sf ljBfyL{sf nfluM @),#(( 8n/
)*= ˆnf]l/8f
cf};t z'NsM ^,##^ 8n/
/fHoaflx/sf ljBfyL{sf nfluM @),#() 8n/
)&= cfO8fxf]
cf};t z'NsM ^,#%% 8n/
/fHoaflx/sf ljBfyL{sf nfluM !*,*(^ 8n/
)^= j]:6 elh{lgof
cf};t z'NsM ^,@%! 8n/
/fHoaflx/sf ljBfyL{sf nfluM !&,*)! 8n/
)%= df]G6fgf
cf};t z'NsM ^,@!! 8n/
/fHoaflx/sf ljBfyL{sf nfluM @),!%) 8n/
)$= Go' d]lS;sf]
cf};t z'NsM %,(*& 8n/
/fHoaflx/sf ljBfyL{sf nfluM !&,$)! 8n/
)#= o'6f
cf};t z'NsM %,()^ 8n/
/fHoaflx/sf ljBfyL{sf nfluM !*,$!^ 8n/
)@= cnf:sf
cf};t z'NsM %,**% 8n/
/fHoaflx/sf ljBfyL{sf nfluM !*,*%^ 8n/
)!= jfof]ldª
cf};t z'NsM $,$)$ 8n/
/fHoaflx/sf ljBfyL{sf nfluM !$,!@$ 8n/ tl:a/McIfl/sfl6d
lskmfot d"Nodf lstfa
sn]h:t/sf kf7ok':tsx? cGo k':ts em}
hxfF klg pknAw x'Fb}gg . oL k':ts cln
dxFuf x'G5g . k'/fgf kSs} klg ;:tf jf
w]/} ;:tf x'G5g . cflv/ k':ts kfpg] s]xL
pkfox? 5gM
» lsGg'eGbf ef8fdf lng] ;f]r agfP
cfkm"nfO{ cfly{s ef/ kb}{g / k};f art
ug{ ;lsG5 . t/ klg lsGg'eGbf
afFsL csf]{ k]hdf

4. $
@)!$h'nfO{,jif{$c+s^!
ljBfyL{n] o;f] ug{ ;S5g
sn]h:t/df k'Ubf ljBfyL{sf] ;f]Rg] Ifdtf a[xt x'G5 . cfˆgf /
cfkm"j/k/sf ;a} kl/l:yltdf ldNbf]h'Nbf] eP/ hfg o:tf
;'emfjx? ;xof]uL x'g ;S5gM
► cfly{s Joj:yfkg / cfktsflng ah]6sf] aGbf]a:t ug'{
a'l4dfgL 7x5{ .
► ;Fu} a:g] ;fyL;Fu ;do ldnfP/ ;/;kmfO{ ug]{ / Ps–cfk;df
emu8f gug]{ .
► k|z:t ;'Tg], ;dodf vfg], kf]lifnf] vfgf vfg], Jofofd ug]{ /
dfgl;s ?kdf tGb'?:t -tgfj sd ug]{_
/xg] .
► cfˆgf b}lgs ultljlw Jojl:yt ug{ PKk
(Apps) x? k|of]u ug]{ .
► k9fOdf ;d:of eP jf k/LIffdf sd
k|fKtfªs cfP, k|fWofks;Fu 5nkmn
ug'{xf]; . o;sf w]/} kmfObf 5g, To;df klg
k|fWofksn] tkfO{+nfO{ lrGg] df}sf
ldN5 . k|fWofkssf ;fd'Gg] k'Ubf
Jou|÷cfz+lst gx'g'xf]; . tkfO{+sf] k9fOsf
ljifodf k|fWofkseGbf c? sf]xL JolSt
tkfO{+sf] ;xof]uL x'g ;Sb}g . Jou|÷cfz+lst
ePsf] cg'ej eP, a? ˆof§ eGg'xf]; .
► cK7of/f kl/l:yltx?df ;fyLx?nfO{ ;xfotf ug'{xf]; .
► jif]{ labf -cu:t–;]K6]Da/_ df gofF sfd ug'{xf]; . gofF 7fpF
3'Dg'xf]; .
► sIffdf hfg] / ;/f;/ sf]7f lkmg]{ dfq gug'{xf]; . sn]hdf
slkm vfg] 7fpF, kfs{, 5tx?, d'eL–lyo6/, rd]gf–u[x cflb
7fpF x'G5g . rf]7f–sf]7f rxfbf{ a9f] /dfOnf] x'G5 .
► b'O{6f km/s wf/df hfg ;lsG5 . d'Vo sfd k9g' xf] .
k9fO /fd|f] t kfg}{k5{ . o;sf cltl/St ;+uLt, n]vg,
kl/sf/ tof/L cflb k9g]eGbf km/s sfd l;Sg ;lsG5 .
o;f] ubf{ gofF ;Lk hflgG5 / k9fOdf dfq Psf]xf]/f] nfUbf
lbSs nfUb}g .
ef8fdf lng' ;:tf] jf
ef8fdf lng'eGbf lsGg'
;:tf] a'‰g'xf]; . ef8fdf
kf7ok':ts lbg] ljleGg
j]a;fO6x? 5g .
oLgLx?n] Pp6f ;]d]:6/
-!% xKtf_ jf Ps rf}yfO{
-!) xKtf_ sf] lx;fadf
ef8f lnG5g . ef8fdf
k':ts ln+bf cfkm";Dd
cfOk'Ug] / lkmtf{
k7fpg] vr{ t'ngf
ug'{xf]nf . s'g}
sDkgLaf6 k':ts
ef8fdf ln+bf
cfkm";Dd cfOk'Ug] /
lkmtf{ k7fpg] vr{
dxFuf] kg{ ;S5 .
» k':tsfnodf
cltl/St -kmfNt'_
;+Vofdf k':ts x'g
;S5g .
» k|fWofksx?;Fu klg rflxg]
eGbf a9L k':ts x'g
;S5g . pxfFx?;Fu k'/fgf
;+:s/0fsf lstfa 5g eg]
tL ;:tf x'G5g .
» cfkm"eGbf cl3Nnf] sIff
k9]sfx?;Fu klg
lstfax? x'g ;S5g .
sn]hsf] ;"rgf–kf6Ldf
k'/fgf k':ts a]Rg] ;"rgf
6fFl;Psf x'g;S5g .
cd]l/sfdf ljb]zL ljBfyL{, g]kfnL !$ cf}+ :yfgdf
cd]l/sfdf ljb]zL ljBfyL{ w]/}
cfpF5g . o;/L k9g cfpg]
ljb]zL ljBfyL{sf] kl5Nnf]
;"rLdf ;aeGbf a9L rLg,
ef/t, blIf0f sf]l/of, ;fpbL
c/]laof, Sofg8f, tfOjfg,
hfkfg, leotgfd, d]lS;sf],
6sL{, a|flhn, hd{gL /
a]nfotsf 5g . To;kl5
g]kfnsf ljBfyL{ cfpF5g .
g]kfnnfO{ k5ofpFb} O/fg,
k|mfG;, xªsª, OG8f]g]lzof,
gfOh]l/of, yfONofG8, dn]lzof,
sf]nlDaof, e]g]h'onf, s'a]t /
:k]gsf 5g .
rLg / ef/tsf qmdzM @
nfv #% xhf/ % ;o (& /
(^ xhf/ & ;o %$ ljBfyL{
cd]l/sf k9g cfPsf] tYofªs
5 . ;g @)!# sf] kl5Nnf]
k|ltj]bgdf g]kfn !$ cf}+
:yfgdf /x], h;cg';f/ ;g
@)!@÷!# df * xhf/ ( ;o
@) hgf g]kfnL lyP . To;
jif{ ljZje/sf s"n * nfv
!* xhf/ ^ ;o $$ ljBfyL{
cd]l/sf cfP . To;}u/L
cd]l/sL ljBfyL{ klg ljb]z
k9g hfg] u/]sf 5g .
OlG:6Ro'6 ckm OG6/g];gn
Ph's];g gfds ;+:yfn] lzIff
dGqfno -l8kf6{d]G6 ckm
Ph's];g_ ;Fu ldn]/ jif]{lg
…cf]kg 8'c;{Ú gfds k|ltj]bg
k|sflzt u5{ .
;|f]tM http://www.iie.org/

5. %@)!$h'nfO{,jif{$c+s^!
dxfo1 M pQ/–k"jL{ /fHo Go' XofD;/sf] /fhwfgL s+s8{df xfn} >L dbefujt ;Ktfx 1fg dxfo1
eof] . lxGb" ;dfh, Go' XofD;/sf] cfof]hgfdf !$ SofG6/a/L l:6«6df ePsf] pSt dxfo1 h'nfO{
!) df z'? eO{ h'nfO{ !^ df ;lsPsf] lyof] . lbgx'F sl/a % ;o eSthgx? cfpg] ug'{x'GYof] .
dxfo1sf] ;dfkgsf lbg Go' XofD;/sL ueg{/ DofuL x;g;d]t pkl:yt x'g'ePsf] lyof] .
s+s8{df ;Ktfx 1fg dxfo1
cu{gfOh];g ckm e"6lgh cd]l/sg
of]Y; (Organization of Bhutanese
American Youths; OBAY) sf]
cfof]hgfdf k]G;ne]lgofdf
cfof]lht cGt//fHo km'6andf
hlh{of :6f;{ (Georgia Stars) ljhoL
ePsf] 5 . klxnf] x'g]n] 6«lkm;lxt
@ xhf/ ! 8n/ xft kf/]sf] 5 .
hlh{of :6f;{n] cf]xfof]sf] ;d"xnfO{ $–! n]
k/flht u/]sf] lyof] . bf];|f] x'g] 6«lkm;lxt !
xhf/ % ;o ! 8n/af6 ;Ddflgt eof] .
cfof]hssf tkm{af6 b]jL ;'j]bLn] lbPsf]
hfgsf/Lcg';f/ ljleGg $) ;d"xn] ljleGg
r/0fsf] v]n v]n]sf lyP . !! uf]n ug]{ l8NnL
e§/fO{ …Dofg ckm b 6'gf{d]G6Ú eP . hlh{ofsf
nf]s]Gb| v8sf …Dofg ckm b kmfOgn DofrÚ
eP . l;gl;gf6L, cf]xfof]sf] ;d"x …pTs[i6
;d"xÚ af6 ;Ddflgt eof] . @* k|lt:kwf{df &
;o ^) v]nf8L d}bfgdf lyP .
h]=Pg= bfxfnsf] uhn sfJo
…;GWofÚ k|sflzt ePsf] 5,
h;nfO{ v08sfJo eGg
;lsG5 .
bfxfnsf] o; s[ltdf
Pp6f syf au]sf]
5 . ;f}/j o'js, ;GWof
tyf ;ljgf o'jtL x'g . ;a}
kfqsf] dgf]efjnfO{ uhndf k|:t't
5 . e"6fgdf hlGdPsf sfJosf/n] n]vgsf]
k[i7e"dL e"6fg klg agfpg'ePsf] 5 .
^$+$ k[i7sf] sfJosf] cfj/0f b'O{ /+usf]
5 . cfj/0f u+uf clwsf/L, l8«D; OG6/6]g–
d]G6 -ldh'/L_ n] tof/ kfg'{ePsf] 5 eg] efiff–
;Dkfbg df]xg e08f/Ln] ug'{ePsf] 5 . efiff /
leqL k[i7–;Hhfdf yf]/} d]x]gt gk'u]sf]
b]lvG5 . g]kfndf k|sflzt !# 8n/ d"Nosf]
of] s[lt sfJosf/ (jn.dahal1477@gmail.com)
af6 k|fKt x'g;S5 .
uhn s[lt ;GWofcGt//fHo km'6an
BeckyField,FieldWorkPhotos

6. ^
@)!$h'nfO{,jif{$c+s^!
la6 dfbf{dfb}{
Ifdfk|fyL{
…cIfl/sfÚ df ;do–;fk]If
/ cln a9L ;fdu|L k:sg]
tof/Ldf nfUbf w]/} ;do
nfu]sf] 5 . ;do km'Ts]/
uPkl5 xft nfUg s'g}
cj:yf /xFb}g .
;g @)!# z'? ePotf
lgoldt c+seGbf km/s
/ lgoldt k[i7eGbf a9L
lbg] sfdn] …cIfl/sfÚsf]
lgoldttf k|efljt ePsf]
5 . ;g @)!# sf] hgj/Ldf
cltl/Stfªs / gf]e]Da/ c+s
^ k[i7sf] lyof] .
;g @)!$ clk|n / h'g
c+s *–* k[i7 tyf of]
c+s ^ k[i7 ul/gfn] l9nf]
x'g uPsf] 5 . o;sf nflu
;Dkfbs–d08n kf7s–
ju{;Fu Ifdf dfU5 . s]xL
c+sleq} k'gM ;dod} lgsfNg
yfNg] k|ltj4tf hfx]/ u5{ .
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Gyan Jyoti Kendra, 49 Lane Road, Chichester, NH 03258, Email : aksharica.communication@gmail.com, URL : http://gyanjyotikendra.org/
Editor : Rajesh Koirala, Co-ordinator : Tara Acharya, Managing Director : Sattan Acharya
klxnf] ljZjo'4sf a]nf cd]l/sfsf /fi6«klt
gful/s k/LIff (Civic Test)
sf] lstfasf] k|Zg gDa/ &(
/ pQ/M
à klxnf] ljZj o'4sf a]nf
cd]l/sfsf] /fi6«klt sf]
x'g'x'GYof] < (Who was Presi-
dent during World War I ?)
– p8«f] ljN;g
((Woodrow) Wilson)
• •
p8«f] ljN;g cd]l/sfsf @*
cf}+ /fi6«klt x'g'x'GYof] . pxfFn]
klxnf] / bf];|f] sfo{sfn u/L
cf7 jif{ /fi6«;]jf ug'{ePsf]
lyof] . Tof] cf7 jif{ ;g
!(!# df z'? eP/ ;g
!(@! df ;lsPsf] lyof] .
klxnf] sfo{sfnsf bf}/fg
pxfFn] cd]l/sfnfO{ ljZjo'4af6
6f9} /fVg ;Sg'eof] . ;g
!(!& k'Ubf gk'Ub} pxfFnfO{
o;/L cd]l/sfnfO{ ljZjo'4af6
6f9f /fVg' ;lhnf] x'Gg eGg]
nfUof] .
/fi6«kltn] s+u|]; (Con-
gress) nfO{ o'4sf] 3f]if0ff
ug{'k5{ eGg'eof] . ;g !(!*
hgj/L * df pxfFn] s+u|];nfO{
;Daf]wg ug'{eof] . rf}w a'Fbfsf]
of]hgf cl3 ;fl/of] / o'4df
hfg] lg0f{o ul/of] . hd{gL;Fu
o'4 z'? eof] .
o'4kl5 zflGtsf nflu sfd
ug]{ k|ltj4tf;lxt cd]l/sf
o'4df uPsf] lyof] . ToxL jif{
o'4 ;lsof] .
/fi6«klt ljN;g k|mfG;
(France) sf] /fhwfgL k]l/;
(Paris) ;Dd hfg'eof] . o'4df
hd{gL (Germany) k/flht
eof] . pxfFn] o'4kl5 hd{gL;Fu
jftf{ ug'{eof] .
cd]l/sfdf @* cf}+ /fi6«klt p8«f] ljN;g
whitehouse.gov
• case :
gfd– d'2f, dfldnf, xfnt,
cj:yf, v08, kIf, ljifo,
l:ylt, Aofu, sf08, s'/f,
ldl;n, k]6L, a§f, afs;,
;Gb's, pbfx/0f, kl/l:ylt,
;d:of, cfj/0f . of] zAb
cbfnt d'2f–dfldnf /
c:ktfn la/fdLaf/] -/f]u jf
/f]usf] lsl;d_ pNn]v x'Fbf
k|of]u x'G5 .
lqmof– ;Gb'sdf /fVg', a§fdf
/fVg', k/LIf0f ug'{ .
• Casey :
gfd– o'/f]k / cd]l/sfdf
k|rlnt k'?ifsf] Ps gfd,
s];L .
c+u|]hL zAb ;"rL 29
c+u|]hLdf ;fwf/0f af]nrfn ug{ sl/a # xhf/ zAb eP k'U5, tLdWo]sf zAbsf] pgGtL;f}+ ;"rL
-efu @(_
• cast :
gfd– bfp, cfs[lt, gf6s jf
rnlrqsf snfsf/, cfsf/
k|sf/, vfsf, 9nfgdf k|of]u
ul/g] ;fFrf], e"ldsf .
lqmof– ˆofFSg', xfNg', -dt_
v;fNg', km}nfpg', If]k0f ug'{,
e"ldsf lbg', 5f]8g', 9fNg',
9nfg ug'{, .
• castle :
gfd– lsNnf, b'u{, sf]6, 7"nf]
dxn, Sof;n, a'l4rfnsf]
Pp6f uf]6L .
lqmof– lsNnf :yfkgf ug'{,
lsNnf aGbL ug'{, a'l4rfnsf]
v]ndf Sof;n uf]6L rnfpg' .
• cat :
gfd– la/fnf], laNnL, Dofp,
ss{zf :qL, O{iof{n' dlxnf,
sf]/f{ .
lqmof– sf]/f{ xfGg', afGtf ug'{ .
• catch :
lqmof– ;dfTg', nfUg', ;dfpg',
kS8g', kqmg', pDsg glbg',
km;fpg', ;'g]/ a'‰g',
clNemg', /f]u nfUg', df]lxt kfg'{,
cfslif{t ug'{ .
gfd – kS8fO, kqmfO, ;dfTofO,
ks8, r's'n, u'Kt, sl7gfO,
5sfpg] k|Zg, w]/} :j/x?n]
ufpg ;lsg] uLt .
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