Aksharica (अक्षरिका) is a Nepali Language Newsletter. Aksharica is made with a combination of two words “Akshar” and “America”. Akshar means “letter” in Nepali, thus goal of the Aksharica is to educate, inform, inspire, and empower the Nepali speaking community (Bhutanese and Nepalese) residing in America. Rajesh Koirala is working as an editor since it started on August 2010. This is 76th issue, published on October, 2015.

1. @)!% cS6f]a/
jif{ ^ c+s &^
cfly{s jif{ @)!$÷)!% df
cd]l/sfdf % xhf/ & ;o &%
e"6fgL k'g:yf{lkt x'g'ePsf]
5 . of] ;+Vof;d]t pQm
cjlw;Dd -;g @))* kl5_
cd]l/sfdf k'g:yf{lkt x'g]sf]
;+Vof *$ xhf/ % ;o $&
k'u]sf] 5 . cd]l/sfsf] cfly{s
jif{ cS6f]a/ ! df z'? eP/
csf]{ jif{sf] ;]K6]Da/ #! df
;lsG5 .
;g @)!$ cS6f]a/ !
b]lv ;g @)!% ;]K6]Da/ #!
;Ddsf] k'g:yf{lktsf] tYofÍ
x]bf{ ;aeGbf a9L ;g @)!%
cu:tdf ( ;o @! / slDtdf
d] @)!% df z'Go /Xof] .
c? b]zaf6 k'g:yf{kgf
cd]l/sfn] ljleGg d'n'saf6
jif]{lg a9Ldf *) xhf/
z/0ffyL{ a;f]af; u/fpF5 . of]
l;df z'?df lyPg, s'g} jif{ @
nfv / s'g} jif{ !( xhf/dfq
k'g:yf{lkt u/]sf] kfOG5 . ;g
!(&% cd]l/sfn] cf}krfl/s
¿kdf z/0ffyL{ k'g:yf{kgf
yfn]sf] xf] . ;g @)!@
km]a|'c/Ldf cd]l/sfn] #) nfv
o; c+sdf s] s] <
(What is inside ?)
à cd]l/sf *$ xhf/ e"6fgL=========!
(US has 84 thousands Bhutanese)
à gful/s k/LIffsf] c+u|]hL @=======#
(English section of Civic Test 2)
à k'?if k|hgg k|0ffnLsf c+u=====$
(Organs of male reprod. system)
à rNtLsf c+u|]hL zAb $$==========$
(Most common Eng. words 44)
cd]l/sfdf s"n *$
xhf/ % ;o $& e"6fgL
5cf}+
jflif{sf]T;j
cfly{s jif{ @)!$÷)!% df
dfq % xhf/ & ;o &%
cf]xfof]sf] sf]nDa;glhs} /]gf]N8;ju{ (Reynoldsburg) l:yt uf}td
lgjf;df @)&@ ;fn -;g @)!%_ sf] bz}+ dgfpFb} uf}td kl/jf/ .

2. @
@)!%cS6f]a/,jif{^c+s&^
z/0ffyL{ a;f]af; u/fof] .
;g !(*) sf] bzsdf
leotgfd, nfcf]; tyf ;f]leot
;+3 -xfnsf] ¿; tyf cGo
ljeflht d'n's_ af6 z/0ffyL{
cd]l/sf NofOGy] . ;g !(()
sf] bzsdf k"j{–o'uf]:nfleof
o'4kl5 w]/} af]l:gofnL z/0ffyL{
cd]l/sf cfP . @! ztfAbL
z'¿ ePkl5 adf{, e"6fg, O/fg,
jfl;ªu6gsf] l;of6n (Seattle) l:yt bjf8L lgjf;df lktf b]jLeSt
tyf dftf ;/:jtLaf6 @)&@ ;fnsf] bz}+sf] l6sf yfKb} ob' bjf8L .
;g @))* kl5 dlxgflkR5] k'g:yf{lkt e"6fgL
O/fs / ;f]dflnofaf6 z/0ffyL{
NofP/ cd]l/sfdf k'g:yf{lkt
ul/Psf] kfOG5 .
cd]l/sfafx]ssf b]zdf
;/sf/sf] bdgsf sf/0f
g]kfnL–efifL e"6fgL ;g !(()
bzsdf b]z 5f8g'eof] . g]kfn
cfP/ a:g'eof] . Ps nfveGbf
a9L e"6fgLn] & j6f lzlj/df
z/0ffyL{sf] hLjg latfpg'eof] .
cd]l/sfn] /fi6«;+3Lo
z/0ffyL{ pRrfo'Stsf] sfof{no
(United Nations High Com-
missioner for Refugees;
UNHCR), cGt/f{li6«o cfk|jf;
;+u7g (International Organi-
zation for Migration; IOM) /
cGo & d'n'ssf] ;xsfo{df
;g @))* dfr{df k'g:yf{kgf
k|lqmof ;'? u/]sf] lyof] . of]
k|lqmof hf/L 5 .
cfOcf]Pdsf cg';f/
cd]l/sfafx]s Sofgf8fdf ^
xhf/ % ;o, ci6«]lnofdf %
xhf/ % ;o %$, Go"lhNof08df
! xhf/ @, 8]gdfs{df * ;o
&$, gj]{df % ;o ^^, ;+o'Qm
clw/fHo -a]nfot_ df # ;o
%* / g]b/Nof08df # ;o @&
hgf k'g:yf{lkt x'g'ePsf] 5 .
o;/L Ps nfv e"6fgL t];|f]
b]zdf k'g:yf{lkt eO;Sg'ePsf]
5 . ca sl/a !^ xhf/
e"6fgL g]kfndf x'g'x'G5 .
;g @)!# dfr{b]lv
g]kfnL–efifL e"6fgLx?
cd]l/sL gful/s aGg
yfNg'ePsf] 5 . cd]l/sfdf
s'g jif{ / slt ;+VofM
à ;g @))*
% xhf/ # ;o @),
à ;g @))(
!# xhf/ $ ;o #@,
à ;g @)!)
!@ xhf/ # ;o ^#
à ;g @)!!
!$ xhf/ ( ;o ((
à ;g @)!@
!% xhf/ &)
à ;g @)!#
( xhf/ ! ;o #$
à ;g @)!$
* xhf/ $ ;o #$, /
à ;g @)!%
% xhf/ & ;o &% .
cd]l/sfdf
s'g jif{ slt
k'g:yf{lkt<

3. #@)!%cS6f]a/,jif{^c+s&^
c+u|]hL–efêfsf] k/LIff, efu @
gful/stf k/LIff
(Civic Test) df
;xefuL x'Fbf
tkfO{+;Fu
c+u|]hL–efiffsf]
1fg s] slt 5
eg]/ hfFlrG5 .
c+u|]hL–efiff1fgsf] tof/Lsf
nflu cIfl/sfn] gful/stfsf]
k/LIffsf] k':tsaf6 c+u|]hL
hfFr (English Test) sf] c+z
cg'jfb ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . o;
c+sdf xfd|f] bf];|f] c+zM
• •
c+u|]hL–efiff k/LIffdf tLg
c+zdWo] k7g efu (reading
portion) sf] afFsL c+z oxfF
lbOPsf] 5M
gful/s–zf:q (Civics)
▪ cd]l/sL em08f
(American flag)
▪ s+u|]; -b'j} ;+;bsf] ;+o'St
gfd_
(Congress)
▪ b]z÷/fi6«
(country)
▪ xfd|f] b]zsf /fi6«lktf
(Father of Our Country)
▪ ;/sf/
(government)
▪ /fi6«klt
(President)
▪ clwsf/
(right)
▪ l;g]6 -dflyNnf] ;bg_
sf ;b:o, l;g]6/x?
(Senators)
▪ /fHo÷/fHox¿
(state/states)
▪ XjfO6 xfp;
(White House)
labfx¿ (Holidays)
▪ /fi6«klt lbj;
(Presidents’ Day)
▪ ;+:d/0f lbj;
(Memorial Day)
▪ em08f lbj;
(Flag Day)
▪ :jtGqtf lbj;
(Independence Day)
▪ >lds lbj;
(Labor Day)
▪ sf]nDa; lbj;
(Columbus Day)
▪ Yofªs;luleË
(Thanksgiving)
k|Zgjfrs zAbx¿
(Question Words)
qmdzM
⋲jfO6 xfp;
(White House)
cd]l/sfsf] em08f
(American flag)
▪ clwsf/ ljlgodx¿
(Bill of Rights)
▪ /fhwfgL
(capital)
▪ gful/s
(citizen)
▪ zx/÷gu/
(city)
7fpFx¿ (Places)
▪ cd]l/sf
(America)
▪ ;+o'Qm /fHo
(United States)
▪ o'=P;=
(U.S.)
▪ s;/L
(How)
▪ s]
(What)
▪ slxn]
(When)
▪ sxfF
(Where)
▪ sf]
(Who)
▪ lsg
(Why)

4. $
@)!%cS6f]a/,jif{^c+s&^
la6 dfbf{dfb}{
() xhf/tkm{
cd]l/sfdf k'g:yf{lkt e"6fgLsf]
;+Vof *$ xhf/ s6of] .
g]kfnsf lzlj/ kftln+b} uPkl5
cd]l/sf lelqg]sf] ;+Vof
jif]{lg sd x'Fb} uPsf] 5 .
ut cfly{s jif{sf] t'ngfdf
;g @)!$÷)!% df @ xhf/
# ;o %( hgf sd k'g:yf{lkt
x'g'eof] . ;g @)!@ ;Dd a9b}
uPsf] k'g:yf{lktsf] ;+Vof
To;kl5 36b} uPsf] 5 . d"n
;'Sb} uPkl5 s'jfdf kfgL sxfF
b]lvG5 / <
cfly{s jif{ @)!$÷)!%
;lsFbf *$ xhf/ % ;o $&
k'u]sf] b]Vbf / k'g:yf{kgfsf]
ult x]bf{ cfly{s @)!%÷)!^
;lsbf cd]l/sfdf () xhf/sf]
xf/fxf/Ldf k'g:yf{lkt x'g] cfzf
ug{ ;lsG5 . casf] csf]{ 7"nf]
;+Vof …xfdL () xhf/Ú x'g]5 Û
wGojfb
c+u|]hL zAb ;"rL 44
c+u|]hLdf ;fwf/0f af]nrfn ug{ rflxg] sl/a # xhf/ zAbdWo]af6 rjfnL;f}+ ;"rL -efu $$_
• company :
gfd– ;d'Tyfg, ;+:yfg, u"6,
u'Nd, k|lti‍7fg, bn, ;+ult,
;+ut, ;dfh, sDk", sDkgL,
sf]7L, d08nL, s;}sf] ;fy
kfpg] jf lbg] sfd .
• compare :
gfd– t'ngf .
lqmof– tf}ng', e]§fpg', t'ngf
ug{', bfFHg', t'No x'g', ;dfgtf
b]vfpg' .
• comparison :
gfd– t'ngf, ;dfgtf, bfFhf],
bFhfO, ldnfg, pkdf .
• compass :
gfd– kl/lw, lbS;"rs, sDkf;,
3]/f, ;Ldf, xb, If]q .
ljz]if0f– aflËPsf], afËf], j[Q,
cw{j[Q, aqm .
• compete :
lqmof– :kwf{ ug{', n8g', 6]s
ug{', l6/L{ ug{', l6l/{g', 6Ss/
lng', k|ltof]lutf ug{', hf]/L
vf]Hg', hf]8tf]8 ug{', xfgyfk
ug'{, t5f8d5f8 ug{', k|lt:kwf{
ug'{, k|ltof]lutfdf efu lng',
d'sfanf ug'{.
• competition :
gfd– k|lt:kwf{, k|ltof]lutf,
d'sfanf, :kwf{, k|ltålGåtf,
xf]8afhL .
• competitive :
ljz]if0f– k|ltof]lutfTds,
k|lt:kwf{Tds, k|ltålGåtfTds,
k|ltof]lutfd'ns .
• complain :
lqmof– ph'/ ug{', lkm/fb
ug{', ugyg ug'{, u'gf;f] ug'{,
c;Gt'li6 k|s6 ug'{, kl/j]bgf
k|s6 ug'{, c;Gtf]if JoSt ug'{,
ugug ug'{ .
• complaint :
gfd– ph'/L, lkm/fb, ugyg,
u'gf;f], c;Gt'li6, kl/j]bgf,
c;Gtf]if, l;sfot, gflnz,
ladf/L .
• complete :
lqmof– k"/f ug'{, k"0f{ ug'{,
;DkGg ug'{, ;dfKt ug'{, vQd
ug'{ .
ljz]if0f– ;Dk"0f{, k"/f, ;a},
cfBf]kfGt, k"/fk"/, k"0f{, clvn,
;jf{ËL0f, lans'n, vQd,
;d'Rrf, hDd}, ;DkGg .
• completely :
ljz]if0f– lgd6ofGg}, l;lgQ,
k"0f{tof, -la;{g'_ e';'Ss,
r'n{'Dd, cfBf]kfGt, z'?b]lv
cflv/;Dd, k"/fk"/, lans'n,
hDd} .
• complex :
gfd– >[+vnf, ;+s'n, Ps}
:jfldTj, jf Ps}
p2]Z‍oåf/f :yflkt cg]s
pBf]pwGwf, lzIf0f ;+:yf,
lj>fd dgf]/~hg ;fwg,
OToflb /x]sf ejgx?sf] ;d"x,
u'hd'Hh .
ljz]if0f– hl6n, ;+sL0f{, ljifd,
;+o'Qm, ldl>t, /rgf, ljifd
l:ylt, ;d"x, b'?x, ;+ldl>t,
k]lrnf], 5'6ofpg ufx|f] kg]{,
b'1]{o, of}lus .
• complicate :
lqmof– hl6n kfg{', ;+sL0f{
agfpg', sl7g agfpg', ufx|f]
agfpg', b'?x kfg'{ .
• complicated :
ljz]if0f– ?dlnPsf], ufx|f],
hl6n, c;lhnf], sl7g,
cJojl:yt . qmdzM
lrlsT;sLo zAbx¿
k'?if k|hgg k|0ffnL
ljleGg k|0ffnLdWo] k'?if
k|hgg k|0ffnL (Male Re-
productive System) cGtu{t
c08sf]ifx? (testes) x'G5g,
hf] c08f cfsf/sf u|GyL
x'G5g . oL u|GyLx? lnªu
(Penis) eGbf tn em'l08Psf
x'G5g . k'?if sl/a !#
jif{sf] ePkl5 z'qmsL6÷z'qmf0f'
(sperm) agfpg yfN5g /
oL z'qmsL6x? Olkl88fOld;
(epididymis) df e08f/0f
eP/ a:5g . z'qmsL6x?
k'?if u|GyL (protaste gland)
n] agfPsf Ps k|sf/sf] t/n
kbfy{df ldl;P/ d"qdfu{ (ure-
thra) x'Fb} lnªuaf6 em5{g .
Editor : Rajesh Koirala, Advisors : Doug Hall, Sattan Acharya, Tara Acharya, Tika Acharya, and Bhagirath Khatiwada
Bhutanese Community of New Hampshire, 510 Chestnut Street, Manchester, NH 03101, Email: aksharica.communication@gmail.com