4. SYNONYM : Indian valerian
Valerian Jatamansi
Valerian roots
Valerian rhizome
Rhizome valerianae
European valerian
Biological sources : It is consists of dried roots of
rhizomes and stolons of VALERIANA OFFICINALIS and
VALERIANA WALLICHII .belonging to family
VALERIANACEAE.
5. Geographical Sources: It is found abundant in
the western Himalayas and is reported in
Afganistan and Pakistan .Indian valerian is
collected in kashmir ,Garhwal and other places
in north west Himalaya in India.
Cultivation and Collections: It is found in
Himalaya in wild conditions it is propagated from
root stocks, it needs deep rich soil and
flourishious in moist and shady locations .the
roots and rhizomes are dug out in autum.
6. Morphological Characters:
Colour : yellowish brown ,yellowish
gray ,dull yellowish brown
Odour: Characteristics
Taste: Bitter and Camphorious
Size: about 2 to 5 cm in length and 1
mm in width
Shape: Sub- cylindrical and flattened
Dorsiventrally curve and unbranched.
7. Microscopical Characters: A T.s of
roots shows an epidermis with
papillae and roots hairs ,and an
Endodermis containing globules if
oils.
The cortex and pith containing starch
.
The starch is present ,mainly in
compound grains with 2 or 4
component having 3 to 20 micro
meter in diameter .
8. Chemical Constituents:
Valerian contains pale brown to
amber coloured oil (about 1%).
Alkaloids-
chatanene,
valerine,
chatinine ,
2 –acetyl-pyrrole ,
ketone ,
Valerianine.
10. Uses:
1.Valerian roots have antispasmodic and
depressant action and the CNS
2.it can be used as stimulant and carminative .
3.oil used as a tonic and a stimulants in
pharmaceutical preparation and also in perfumery.
4.It is also used in preparation of tincture extracts
,infusions ,medicinal tea, and extraction of volatile
oil.
5. Solvent extract of valerian are used for
flavouring of tobacco and beer.
6.It also treats fever and inflammation .
14. REFERENCES:
1.PHARMACONOSY TEXTBOOK BY C.K KOKATE, ,A.P.PUROHIT,S.B.GPKHALE
47TH EDITION ,PAGE NO -1.93-1.94,BY NIRALI PRAKASHAN.
2. TEXTBOOK OF PHARMACOGNOSY ,VOLUME -1 BY MOHAMAD ALI ,PAGE NO 466-
467.
3.TREASE AND EVANS PHARMACOGNOSY,16TH EDITION ,PAGE NO 335-336.
