Skip to main content
UploadLanguage (EN)Support
BusinessMobileSocial MediaMarketingTechnologyArt & PhotosCareerDesignEducationPresentations & Public SpeakingGovernment & NonprofitHealthcareInternetLawLeadership & ManagementAutomotiveEngineeringSoftwareRecruiting & HRRetailSalesServicesScienceSmall Business & EntrepreneurshipFoodEnvironmentEconomy & FinanceData & AnalyticsInvestor RelationsSportsSpiritualNews & PoliticsTravelSelf ImprovementReal EstateEntertainment & HumorHealth & MedicineDevices & HardwareLifestyle
Uploaded byRomaJoshi9
PPTX, PDF17,397 views

Pharmacognosy of Atropa belladona

Atropa belladonna, also known as belladonna leaf, is a herb from the Solanaceae family, indigenous to Europe and found in the Western Himalayas in India. It contains alkaloids like atropine and scopolamine, which have anticholinergic properties and are used to reduce secretions and spasms as well as an antidote for poisoning. The plant's morphology includes green to brownish green leaves, purple to yellowish brown flowers, and sub-globular fruits, with various microscopic features such as anisocytic stomata and glandular trichomes.

Education◦
Atropa belladonna PRESENTED BY: ROMA M. SHARMA ASSISTANT PROFESSOR GES’S SIR DR.M.S.GOSAVI C.O.P.E.R NASHIK
Atropa belladonna  SYNONYMS : Belladonna Leaf, Belladonna Folium.  Biological Source : Belladonna herb consists of dried leaves and other aerial parts of Atropa belladonna (Europian belladona)and Atropa acuminate (Indian belladona).  It belongs to family Solanaceae.  Geographical Source : It is indigenous to and cultivated in England and other European countries.  In India, it is found in the Western Himalayas from Shimla to Kashmir and adjoining areas of Himachal Pradesh.
MORPHOLOGY  COLOUR : LEAVES – Green to brownish green.  FLOWERS – Purple to yellowish brown.  FRUITS – Green to brown.  ODOUR : Slight and characteristics  TASTE : Bitter and acrid.
 SIZE : LEAVES – 5 to 25 cm long and 2.5 to 12 cm wide. FLOWERS – Corolla 2.5 cm long and 1.5 cm wide. FRUITS – About 10 cm in diameter.  SHAPE : LEAVES – Ovate, lanceolate, with acute apex, decurrent lamina, entire margin. FLOWERS – Campanulate and small reflexed lobes of corolla. FRUITS – Sub-globular in shape with numerous flat seeds.
Morphology of flower, fruit and leaves
Microscopy • Epidermal cellswith slightly, sinuousanticlinal wall • Striated cuticle • Anisocyticstomata • Uniseriate multicellularcovering trichomes • Glandular trichomes which are uniseriate and with unicellularheads • The palisaderatio is 5 to 7
T.S. of Belladona
Chemical constituents: Total alkaloids – 0.4-1% Atropine(racemic form of hyoscyamine) hyoscine (scopolamine), and hyoscyamine, pyridine, N-methyl homotropine(synhetic compound).
uses  (1) It is the parasympatholytic drug with anticholinergic properties.  (2)It is used to reduce the secretions such as sweat, saliva, and gastric juice and also to reduce spasm in cases of intestinal gripping due to strong purgatives.  (3) It is also used as an antidote in opium and chloral hydrate poisoning.
Mechanism of Action: Atropine and scopolamine are competitive antagonists with acetylcholine on the common binding site of muscarinic receptors. Atropine has limited affects on the CNS, whereas scopolamine has prominent central effects due to passage through the blood–brain barrier. Effects: Ingestion may cause dry mouth, dysphagia, dysphonia, tachycardia, urinary retention, mydriasis, headache, and confusion
THANK YOU