This document discusses pharmaceutical creams. It defines what a cream is and describes the anatomy of skin. It outlines different types of creams including cleansing, vanishing, foundation, night, massage, hand, body, and all-purpose creams. It discusses the components and manufacturing processes of creams and provides examples of formulations. Finally, it covers the uses of creams and some novel advances in cream technology.

1. PHARMACEUTICAL CREAMS
ANUPRIYA SINGH
B.PHARM(Ay)-4th YEAR
BANARASA HINDU UNIVERSITY 1

2. context-
 What is cream.
 Anatomy of skin.
 Types of cream.
 Components of cream.
 Manufacturing of cream.
 Uses of cream.
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3. •WHAT IS CREAM????
 Cream consist of medicament dissolved or suspended
in water removable or emollient bases, classified as
water-in-oil or oil-in-water and intended for
application on the skin or accesible mucous membrane
to provide localized and sometimes systemic effects at
the site of application.
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4. ANATOMY OF SKIN
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5. TYPES OF CREAM.
On the basis of phase-
 OIL- IN-WATER ( O/W)-
As- Fluocinolone acetonide cream
• WATER-IN-OIL (W/O)-
As- cold cream
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6. CLEANISING CREAMS-
 Keeping the body clean is the most important and
primitive need to on account of personal hygiene and
beautification which leads to the need of cosmetics.
 USES-
 Cleanishing cream is required for removal of facial
make up, surface grime,oil.
 DESIRABLE PROPERTIES OF CLEANISING CREAM-
 It should be shoften on application to the skin.
 It should spread easily without draging.
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7. TYPES OF CLEANISING CREAM-
 White ,emuslsified cold cream (Bee wax-borax type)-
 These are white, of high lusture,and free from
graininess.
 These are o/w type of emulsion.
 The cream have firm consistency.
 They liquefy on application to the skin and spread
with ease.
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8. .
 Liquefying cleansing creams-
 These are translucent liquefying anhydrous type of
cleanising cream.
 They have a mixture of oil and waxes and have such
consistency that they liquefy when gently massaged on
the skin.
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9. VANISHING AND FOUNDATION CREAMS
 Vanishing creams- Creams which spread easily and
seem to disappear rapidly when rubbed are termed as
vanishing cream.
 The basic ingredients are - 65%-75% water ,15%-20%
stearic acid ,8-12% glycerol, 0.5-15% alkali
(KOH),preservative and perfume.
 Foundation creams-
 Creams which provide base makeup to hold the
powder or other make up above it.
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10. NIGHT AND MASSAGE CREAMS-
 Creams which are generally applied on skin and left for
few and several hours mostly overnight, known as
night cream.
 Creams which act by providing emollient action by
rubbing ,called as massage cream.
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11. HAND AND BODY CREAMS-
 Hand and other body parts skin may be exposed to
water, water soap, detergents causes removal of lipids
and others secretions from the skin.
 Skin dry, scaly , infections due to microbes can leads to
dermatitis, so to control all these hand body creams
are applied.
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12. .
 Main function of hand and body creams are-
 Provide an oily film to protect the skin.
 Keep the skin smooth but not greasy.
 Easy to apply.
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13. ALL PURPOSE CREAMS-
 They act nourishing or night cream when applied
excessively, they function as hand creams when
applied sparingly, thus they are called All purpose
cream.
 These were also known as sports cream, as they were
used by sportsman in skiing and outdoor activities.
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14. THE COMPOSITION OF THESE CREAM IS SUCH
THAT IT CAN ACT-
 As a foundation cream to provide a foundation base for
make up.
 As a Cleanishing cream and liquefy easily.
 As a hand cream and should have emollient
characters.
 As a protective cream and should form a non occlusive
film.
 As a cream to smooth the rough surface of the skin.
 So, therefore called All purpose cream.
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15. CLASSIFICATION OF CREAM ON THE BASIS
OF FUNCTION-
 Cleansing and cold cream.
 Foundation and vanishing cream.
 Night and massage cream.
 Head and body cream.
 All purpose and general cream.
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16. FORMULATIONS COMPONANTS-
 ANTIOXIDANT- ex.-TBHT, Ascorbic acid.
 BASE- ex. White petrolium, Lanolin, cholesterol.
 BUFFER- ex. Citrate buffer ,phosphate buffer.
 CHELATING AGENTS- ex. EDTA , Citric acid.
 EMULSIFYING AGENT- ex. Detergent ,Cetostearyl
alchohol.
 HUMECTANT- ex. Glycerin,propylene glycol, PEG.
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17. .
 PERMEATION ENHANCER- ex. Ethanol , oleic acid,
PEG
 PRESERVATIVE – ex. Benzoic acid,phenyl ethyl
alchol.
 THICKENING AGENT- ex. Cellolose, pectin
,carbopol.
 FRAGRANCES- ex. Lavender oil,rose oil, lemon oil.
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18. CLASSIFICATION OF BASE-
 Hydrocarbon base.
 Absorption base.
 Emulsion base.
 Water soluble base.
 Water removable base.
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19. MANUFACTURING PROCESS-
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20. TRITURATION METHOD-
 TRITURATION METHOD :
 Used for finely divided insoluble powder particles or
liquids.
 Insoluble powders are added by geometric dilution.
 Liquids are added by making well in centre.
 Air pocket formation avoided.
 Mortar and pestle used when we have large quantities.
 Involved use of glass slab when small quantities are
used.
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21. LEVIGATION-
 Incorporation of insoluble coarse particles.
 Insoluble coarse powder is rubbed with molten base or
liquid or semisolid base.
 Also knows as Wet grinding.
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22. FUSION METHOD-
• The fusion method is followed when the drugs and
other solid are soluble in the ointment bases.
• The base is liquefied and the soluble components are
dissolved in the molten base.
 The congeal mixture is then speculated or triturated to
obtain a smooth texture.
 Care is taken to avoid thermal degradation of the base
or other components during the fusion process.
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23. MECHANICAL ADDITION-
 Water- removable creams are basically hydrophilic
type emulsions.
 A hydrophilic emulsifying agent is included in the
aqueous phase in order to obtain stable oil-in-water
dispersion.
 Sodium lauryl sulfate is used in the preparation of
hydrophilic ointment.
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24. MACHINES-
 A wide range of machines are available are for the large
scale production of creams.
 Creams are produced with the help of low-shear and
high emulsifiers.
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26. Ayurvedic fairness cream-
 FAIRNESS CREAM-
KEY INGREDIENTS
 Persian rose.
 Walnut.
 Aloe vera.
 Mandarin orange.
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27. USES OF CREAMS:
• Cleanising creams is a facial care product that is use to
remove dead skin cells ,oil , dirt, and other types of
pollutants from the skin of the face.
• Vanishing creams are used in hot climates which cause
perspiration on the face.
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28. .
 The provision of a barrier to protect the skin.
 To aid in the retention of moisture (especially water –
in –oil ).
 Creams can be used for administering drugs via the
vaginal route (e.g. Triple sulfa vaginal creams ).
 Creams are used to help sun burn.
 Emollient effects.
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29. NOVEL ADVANCES AND RECENT
DEVELOPMENT
 CREAMS CONTAINING MICROSPHERES:
 Albumin microsphere containing vitamin A can be
administered by using creams 222 +_25 micrometer
size of microsphere of vitamin A were produced by
emulsion method.
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30. .
 LAMELLAR FACED CREAMS:
 They are liquid parafin in water emulsion prepared
from certified/fatty alcohol.
 CREAMS CONTAINING LIPID NANOPARTICLES:
 The develpoment of a water-in oil cream containing
small particles of solid paraffin was studied.
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