Antiperspirant & Deodorant:A deodorant is a substance applied to the body to prevent body odor caused by the bacterial breakdown of perspiration in armpits, feet, and other areas of the body. A subgroup of deodorants, antiperspirants, affect odor as well as prevent sweating by affecting sweat glands.
Antiperspirants are typically applied to the underarms, while deodorants may also be used on feet and other areas in the form of body sprays. In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration classifies and regulates most deodorants as cosmetics, but classifies antiperspirants as over-the-counter drugs.
Mechanism perspiration control
Sweating allows the body to regulate its temperature. Sweating is controlled from a center in the periotic and anterior regions of the brain's hypothalamus, where thermo sensitive neurons are located. The heat-regulatory function of the hypothalamus is also affected by inputs from temperature receptors in the skin.
cosmetic and cosmeceutical
Classification of cosmetic and cosmeceutical products
Definition of cosmetics as per Indian and EU regulations, Evolution of cosmeceuticals from cosmetics, cosmetics as quasi and OTC drugs
Cosmetic excipients: Surfactants, rheology modifiers, humectants, emollients, preservatives. Classification and application
Skin: Basic structure and function of skin.
Hair: Basic structure of hair. Hair growth cycle.
Oral Cavity: Common problem associated with teeth and gums
Deodorants and antiperspirants Cosmetic SciencePranjal Saxena
This presentation contains about description of Deodorants and antiperspirants with their Action, Evaluation, Difference between Deodorants and antiperspirants.
cosmetic and cosmeceutical
Classification of cosmetic and cosmeceutical products
Definition of cosmetics as per Indian and EU regulations, Evolution of cosmeceuticals from cosmetics, cosmetics as quasi and OTC drugs
Cosmetic excipients: Surfactants, rheology modifiers, humectants, emollients, preservatives. Classification and application
Skin: Basic structure and function of skin.
Hair: Basic structure of hair. Hair growth cycle.
Oral Cavity: Common problem associated with teeth and gums
Deodorants and antiperspirants Cosmetic SciencePranjal Saxena
This presentation contains about description of Deodorants and antiperspirants with their Action, Evaluation, Difference between Deodorants and antiperspirants.
Sun Protection (Classification of Sunscreen and SPF)Rahul Kushwaha
Introduction
Skin Damage
Sun Radiation Summary
Sunscreen Defination
Classification Of Sunscreen
Sunscreen Agents
Sun Protection Factor
Sun Protection Factor Classification
When to re-apply the sunscreen
Classification of Sunscreens and SPF and Role of herbs in cosmetics:Priya Patil
Sun protection,
Classification of Sunscreens and SPF.
Role of herbs in cosmetics:
Skin Care: Aloe and turmeric
Hair care: Henna and amla.
Oral care: Neem and clove
Analytical cosmetics:BIS specification and analytical methods for shampoo, sk...Steffi Thomas
Analytical cosmetics:BIS specification and analytical methods for shampoo, skin-cream and toothpaste, Indian standards, Schedule S and Schedule Q, Drugs and cosmetic act, standards for heavy metals in cosmetics, standards for coloring agents in cosmetics, annexures, list of approved colours and dyes as per schedule Q Part 1, list of colours permitted to be used in soaps, types of toothpaste, general requirements for ECO mark and BIS mark, BIS certification marking
Yesterday we covered “normal” skin, but since not all of us are blessed with such straightforward skin types, let’s talk about what’s going on with skin types that are a bit more complicated.
ANTIPERSPIRANTS AND DEODORANTS : MECHANISM OF ACTIONojaswinihemane
Antiperspirants and deodorants are personal care products used to manage body odor and sweat. Antiperspirants reduce sweat production, while deodorants mask or neutralize odor. They come in various forms and are widely used for daily hygiene and comfort.
Sun Protection (Classification of Sunscreen and SPF)Rahul Kushwaha
Introduction
Skin Damage
Sun Radiation Summary
Sunscreen Defination
Classification Of Sunscreen
Sunscreen Agents
Sun Protection Factor
Sun Protection Factor Classification
When to re-apply the sunscreen
Classification of Sunscreens and SPF and Role of herbs in cosmetics:Priya Patil
Sun protection,
Classification of Sunscreens and SPF.
Role of herbs in cosmetics:
Skin Care: Aloe and turmeric
Hair care: Henna and amla.
Oral care: Neem and clove
Analytical cosmetics:BIS specification and analytical methods for shampoo, sk...Steffi Thomas
Analytical cosmetics:BIS specification and analytical methods for shampoo, skin-cream and toothpaste, Indian standards, Schedule S and Schedule Q, Drugs and cosmetic act, standards for heavy metals in cosmetics, standards for coloring agents in cosmetics, annexures, list of approved colours and dyes as per schedule Q Part 1, list of colours permitted to be used in soaps, types of toothpaste, general requirements for ECO mark and BIS mark, BIS certification marking
Yesterday we covered “normal” skin, but since not all of us are blessed with such straightforward skin types, let’s talk about what’s going on with skin types that are a bit more complicated.
ANTIPERSPIRANTS AND DEODORANTS : MECHANISM OF ACTIONojaswinihemane
Antiperspirants and deodorants are personal care products used to manage body odor and sweat. Antiperspirants reduce sweat production, while deodorants mask or neutralize odor. They come in various forms and are widely used for daily hygiene and comfort.
Design of cosmeceutical products for body odor.pptxBrijithaGokula
Design of cosmetic products for body odor.
what is body odor
causes of body odor
the biology behind body odor
prevention of body odor
natural remedies
cosmetics for body odor
properties of deodorants and antiperspirants
deodorants- formula and mechanism of action, manufacturing process
antiperspirants - formula and mechanism of action
deodorants vs antiperspirants
quality control tests
perfumes
when to consult a doctor
references
Uk Data Centre Cleaning commercial cleaning technicians have a reputation for being highly professional, pleasant and very efficient in the way they perform their duties.
People are generally suffering from excess sweating problems due to heat, anxiety, and exertion. Moreover, this condition is affecting several body parts such as the underarms, hands, feet, palms, and face. Thus, the condition may cause your skin to become pink or slightly blue as well as make it soft, scaly, or cracked. Go through the slide to know about the different types of non-invasive sweat reduction procedures provided by the cosmetician or skin professional.
Discover the world of Bulk Essential Oils through our comprehensive presentation. Uncover the benefits, usage, and quality assurance behind purchasing essential oils in bulk quantities. Explore the aromatic journey that awaits as we delve into the essence of pure and potent oils.
Quality control (QC) is a procedure or set of procedures intended to ensure that a manufactured product or performed service adheres to a defined set of quality criteria or meets the requirements of the client or customer. In a pharmaceutical organization a quality control deals with testing, sampling, specification, and documentation, release procedure which ensure that all tests are actually carried out prior to release of material for sale or use. There are several types of hormonal product in different dosage form. These hormonal product quality control and maintaining lies on their specific dosage system. The achievement of these test for hormonal product provides a significant challenge to ingenuity and creativity of hormonal scientist and technologist.
Introduction
Cause for establishing the model pharmacy
Model Pharmacy initiatives
Objectives
Target Audience
Design of model pharmacy
Importance of model pharmacy
Future prospects
Conclusion
Anti-viral Drug and their important usesZahir Khan
Antiviral drugs are a class of medication used specifically for treating viral infections rather than bacterial ones. Most antivirals are used for specific viral infections, while a broad-spectrum antiviral is effective against a wide range of viruses.
TYPES OF OPTHALMIC PRODUCTS
Eye drops - Ophthalmic drops (eye drops) are sterile aqueous or oily solutions, suspensions, or emulsions intended for instillation into the conjunctival sac. Ophthalmic drops are considered isotonic when the tonicity is equal to that of a 0.9% solution of sodium chloride.
Eye lotion – Eye lotions are the aqueous solutions used for washing the eyes. The eye lotions are supplied in concentrated form and are required to be diluted with warm water immediately before use.
v
Eye Ointments - Ophthalmic ointments are sterile, homogeneous, semi-solid preparations intended for application to the conjunctiva or the eyelids. They are
Drug interaction is defined as the pharmacological activity of one drug is altered by the concomitant use of another drug or by the presence of some other substance.
1.Drug-drug interactions.
2.Drug-food interactions.
3.Chemical-drug interactions.
4.Drug-laboratory test interactions.
5.Drug-disease interactions.
Introduction of Spectroscopy
Spectroscopy is the study of the interaction between matter and radiated energy or radiation.
IR spectroscopy: Infrared spectroscopy (IR spectroscopy) is the spectroscopy that deals with the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum, that is light with a longer wavelength and lower frequency than visible light.
Principle of IR spectroscopy
Molecules are made up of atoms linked by chemical bonds. The movement of atoms and the chemical bonds like spring and balls (vibration)
IR radiation does not have enough energy to induce electronic transitions as seen with UV
Types of IR region
Infrared region
LIMIT OF RED LIGHT: 800 nm, 0.8 m, 12500 cm-1
NEAR INFRARED: 0.8 -2.5 m, 12500 - 4000 cm-1
MID INFRARED: 2.5 - 25 m, 4000 - 400 cm-1
FAR INFRARED: 25 - 1000 m, 400 - 10 cm-1
Molecular vibrations
There are 2 types of vibrations:
1. Stretching vibrations
2. Bending vibrations
Stretching vibrations Vibration or oscillation along the line of bond
Change in bond length
Occurs at higher energy: 4000-1250 cm-1
2 types:
a) Symmetrical stretching
b) Asymmetrical stretching
Symmetrical stretching: 2 bonds increase or decrease in length simultaneously
Bending vibrations
Vibration or oscillation not along the line of bond
These are also called as deformations
Occurs at low energy: 1400-666 cm-1
2 types:
a) In plane bending: scissoring, rocking
b) Out plane bending: wagging, twisting
Filtration maybe defined as a nonthermal mechanical process in which undissolved particulates or suspended solid particles are separated from a solid liquid mixture by passing through a porous fibrous or granular permeable known as Filtration.
Filtration and filters maybe classified in a number of ways
By driving Force
By Function
By filtration Mechanism
By operating Cycle
By nature of Solid
Omega -3 & Omega -6 Fatty acids and their Health EffectsZahir Khan
Omega-3 fatty acids are essential fatty acids, a class of nutrients needed for our body to function normally.
These are the fats of life which help our cells to function properly.
Omega-3 cannot be produced be our body and should be supplied through the diet
There are 3 very important types of Omega 3 acids
1.Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA)
2.Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)
3.Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)
which have amazing health benefits
Omega 3 plays a major role in a number of functions in our body. Here are they:-
Relaxation and contraction of muscles
Blood clotting
Digestion
Fertility
Cell division
Growth
Movement of calcium and other substances in and out of cells.
Vitamin k is a group of lipophilic hydrophobic vitamins. Fat soluble compound necessary for the synthesis of several proteins required for blood clotting.
Occurs in several forms:
Vitamin K1 (Phylloquinone)
Vitamin K2 (Menaquinone)
Vitamin K3 (Menadione) – synthetic form
A biopharmaceutical, also known as a biological medical product, biological, or biologic, is any pharmaceutical drug product manufactured in, extracted from, or semi synthesized from biological sources are called protein drugs.
Irreversible protein aggregation is problematic in the biotechnology industry, where aggregation is encountered throughout the lifetime of a therapeutic protein, including during refolding, purification, sterilization, shipping, and storage processes. The purpose of the current review is to provide a fundamental understanding of the mechanisms by which proteins aggregate and by which varying solution conditions, such as temperature, pH, salt type, salt concentration, cosolutes, preservatives, and surfactants, affect this process.
Omega -3 & omega -6 acids and their health effects.Zahir Khan
Omega-3 fatty acids are essential fatty acids, a class of nutrients needed for our body to function normally.
These are the fats of life which help our cells to function properly.
Omega-3 cannot be produced be our body and should be supplied through the diet
Media planing & selection for Products promotionZahir Khan
Media planning is generally outsourced to a media agency and entails sourcing and selecting optimal media platforms for a client's brand or product to use.
Hello Guys this slide show are created by the atl type of product promotion and there stratagy. on the other hand the other type is BTL product promotion .
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
3. Antiperspirant & Deodorant
A deodorant is a substance applied to the body to
prevent body odor caused by the bacterial breakdown
of perspiration in armpits, feet, and other areas of the body.
A subgroup of deodorants, antiperspirants, affect odor as
well as prevent sweating by affecting sweat glands.
4. Antiperspirants
Antiperspirants are typically applied to the under arms,
while deodorants may also be used on feet and other areas
in the form of body sprays. In the United States, the food
and drug administration classifies and regulates most
deodorants as cosmetics but classifies antiperspirants
as over-the-counter drugs.
5. Perspiration physiology
When the body temperature rises, the sympathetic nervous
system stimulates the sweat glands to secrete water to the
skin surface, where it cools the body by evaporation. Thus,
sweat is an important mechanism for temperature control.
6. Mechanism perspiration control
Sweating allows the body to regulate its
temperature. Sweating is controlled from a center in the
periotic and anterior regions of the brain's hypothalamus,
where thermo sensitive neurons are located. The heat-
regulatory function of the hypothalamus is also affected by
inputs from temperature receptors in the skin.
9. Aerosols
a substance enclosed under pressure and able to be
released as a fine spray, typically by means of a propellant
gas
10. Types of aerosol
Primary aerosols contain particles introduced directly into
the gas; secondary aerosols form through gas-to-particle
conversion. Various types of aerosol, classified according
to physical form and how they were generated,
include dust, fume, mist, smoke and fog. There are several
measures of aerosol concentration.
11. Formulation of typical aerosols antiperspirant:
An aerosol formulation consists of two components: the
product concentrate and the propellant. The product
concentrate is the active drug combined with additional
ingredients or co-solvents required to make a stable and
efficacious product. The concentrate can be a solution,
suspension, emulsion, semisolid, or powder.
12. Sticks
A sticks is a solid delivery vehicle cast in an
elongated form. By rubbing a sticks onto a skin a
variety of cosmetics ingredients can be delivered
such as fragrances, coloring agent, and emollients.
15. Cream
a substance applied to the body to suppress or mask the
odor of perspiration or other body odors. (As modifier):
a deodorant spray Compare antiperspirant.
17. Aerosol Deodorants:
a system of colloidal particles dispersed in a gas; smoke
or fog. Of or containing a liquid or gas under pressure for
dispensing as a spray or foam: a deodorant available
in aerosol cans.
18. General mechanism of deodorants
Most antiperspirants contain ingredients called aluminum
salts. The main way in which they work is to dissolve in
sweat and create a thin coating of gel to cover over the
sweat glands. This coating reduces the amount of sweat
released onto the surface of the skin for a number of hours
after the antiperspirant is applied.