The document discusses Renaissance architecture between 1400-1600 AD. Renaissance architecture was inspired by classical Greek and Roman architecture, with an emphasis on symmetry, proportion, and geometry. There were three periods - Early Renaissance from 1400-1500 focused on adopting classical details; High Renaissance from 1500-1525 showed mastery of the style in different building types; and Mannerism from 1520-1600 experimented with spatial relationships. St. Peter's Basilica is highlighted as one of the greatest buildings of the Renaissance, constructed over multiple decades and designs by architects like Bramante and Michelangelo.

1. Renaissance
Architecture
Danial

2. Introduction
• Between 1400 and 1600, Classical ideas were reborn in
Italy and northern Europe. This period is known as the
Renaissance, which means born anew in French.

3.  Renaissance architecture was inspired by architecture of
classical Greece and Rome.
Greek Architecture Roman
Architecture
Renaissance Architecture
 Renaissance architecture was highly symmetrical and
carefully proportioned.

4.  For more than five centuries, artists in Northern Italy were
exploring new ideas. During the early 1500s, Italy saw an
explosion of talent and innovation.
 This period is called the High Renaissance.
St. Petersburg Basilica

5.  Over the next century, Renaissance ideas crept north
through Europe, gradually replacing the earlier Gothic
approaches to art and architecture.

6. Renaissance Architecture
Era  Early Renaissance Architecture
- 1400–1500AD
 High Renaissance
- 1500–1525
 Mannerism
- 1520–1600

7. Early Renaissance
- Period 1400 – 1500 AD
- Also known as Quattrocento
- Concepts of architectural order were explored and rules
were formulated.
- The study of classical antiquity led in particular to the
adoption of Classical detail and ornamentation.
- Space, as an element of architecture, was utilised
differently from the way it had been in the Middle Ages.
- It was organised by proportional logic, its form and
rhythm subject to geometry, rather than being created by
intuition as in Medieval buildings.

8. High Renaissance
- Period 1500 – 1525 AD
- During the High Renaissance, concepts derived from
classical antiquity were developed and used with greater
surety.
- In the late 15th century and early 16th century
architects such as Bramante, Antonio da Sangallo and
others showed a mastery of the revived style and ability
to apply it to buildings which were quite different from
the structures of ancient times.
- The style became more decorated and ornamental,
statuary, domes and cupolas becoming very evident

9. Mannerism
- Period 1520 – 1525 AD
- During the Mannerist period, architects
experimented with using architectural forms to
emphasize solid and spatial relationships.
- The Renaissance ideal of harmony gave way to
freer and more imaginative rhythms.

10. Architectural
Style
 The Renaissance style places emphasis on symmetry,
proportion, geometry.
 They are demonstrated in the architecture of classical
antiquity and in particular ancient Roman architecture,
of which many examples remained.

11. Characteristics Of
Renaissance
Architeture  Plan
- The plans of Renaissance buildings have a square,
symmetrical appearance in which proportions are
usually based on a module.

12.  Facade
- Facades are symmetrical around their vertical axis.
- Church facades are generally surmounted by a
pediment and organized by a system of pilasters,
arches and entablatures.
- The columns and windows show a progression towards
the center.
Entablatures
Arch
Pilasters

13. Features
 Symmetrical arrangement of windows and doors
 Extensive use of Classical columns and pilasters
 Triangular pediments
 Square lintels
 Arches
 Domes
 Niches with sculptures

15. Saint Petersburg
Basilica

16. St. Petersburg
Basilica
 Located within the Vatican City
 St. Peter's Basilica has the largest interior of any
Christian church in the world, holding 60,000 people.
 It is regarded as one of the holiest Christian sites.
 Construction of the present basilica, over the old
Constantinian basilica, began on April 18, 1506 and was
completed on November 18, 1626
Old New

17.  St. Peter's is famous as a place of pilgrimage, for its
liturgical functions and for its historical associations
 It is associated with the papacy, with the
Counter-reformation and with numerous artists, most
significantly Michelangelo.
 As a work of architecture, it is regarded as the greatest
building of its age.

18. St. Peter’s Rebuild
There are few architects who redesign the existing building
In the Renaissance period.
- Donato Bramante
- Baldassare Perruzi
- Raphael
- Antonio da Sangallo the Younger
- Giacomo della Porta
- Michelangelo

19. The Process
Plans
Bramante’s
Plan
Raphael’s Plan
Michelangelo’s Plan

21. Primary Design Elements – Plane
And Volume
Michelangelo’s Plan
Planes
Volume

22. Design Principles
Symmetry
Axis

23. Axis

24. Repetition
Hierarchy

25. Elevations

26. Sections

27. Form And Space
- The form assembled with fine arches of the wide
openings which functions as the ventilation to circulate
human humidity inside the
building.

28. Domes
- The unique design of the dome, penetrate natural
lighting inside to the center of the dome.
- The concept, avoids direct sunlight from entering the
dome.
- The sunlight diffused before it came down to the center

29. Ordering Principles
Centralized

30. Conclusion
“ We learn from the past, we develop in the future “