The document defines the elements and principles of art. The elements of art include line, color, shape/form, texture, space, and value. The principles of art are balance, emphasis, proportion, movement, rhythm/repetition/pattern, variety, and unity. Examples of famous artworks are provided to illustrate each element and principle.

1. Elements and Principles of ArtBy Emily Bergen

2. Elements of ArtLineColorShape/FormTextureSpaceValueThe SistersMary Cassat

3. LineAn element of art: mark on a surface created by a tool (pencil, pen, brush)Vincent Van Gogh Grove of Cypresses 1889

4. ColorAppearance of object that is created by the differing qualities of light it reflectsClaude MonetImpression: Sunrise1872

5. Shape/FormTwo-dimensional area defined by line or color changeThree-dimensional artwork such as sculpture, architecture, various crafts. Also shown by shading when drawing a 3-D form on a flat surfaceJohn Frederick PetoThe Old Violin1890

6. TextureActual texture is the way a surface feels; visual texture is the way it looks as if it would feelMary CassattMargot in Blue1902

7. SpaceUsually related to showing foreground, middleground, and background on a flat surfaceM. C. EscherProcession in Crypt1927

8. ValueLightness or darkness of a color; color added to white to create tints; black added to a color to create shadesRembrandt van RijnSelf-Portrait1659

9. Principles of ArtBalanceEmphasisProportionMovementRhythm, Repetition, and PatternVarietyUnityStarry NightVan Gogh

10. BalanceA harmonious arrangement of parts or elements in a designChateau de Chambord

11. EmphasisViewer’s attention is directed to focal point in an artworkCronos Devouring His ChildrenGoya

12. ProportionRelationship of one part to anotherTipharetLeonardo da Vinci

13. MovementMotion; may be simulated or actual in an artworkThe Great Wave of KanagawaKatsushika Hokusai

14. Rhythm, Repetition, and PatternSense of visual movement regular or harmonious pattern created by repetition of lines, shapes, or colorsMarilyn MonroeAndy Warhol

15. VarietyPrinciple of art in which elements are different and combined in a pleasing, non-chaotic mannerI SpyWalter Wick

16. UnitySeen or felt when all parts of an artwork give viewer a sense of harmony and completionMona LisaLeonardo da Vinci