The document discusses the history and styles of architecture from the Medieval and Renaissance periods. Medieval Gothic architecture featured tall spires, stained glass windows, and vertical lines to honor God. Renaissance architecture used old ideas in new ways with horizontal lines, domes, small round windows, arches, and vaults to show that man and his world are important. It then focuses on the Cathedral of Santa Maria in Florence, which took over 100 years to complete due to the difficulty of constructing a dome until Filippo Brunelleschi won a contest in 1419 and used Roman arch techniques to finally complete the dome between 1420-1436.

1. Architecture...
• ...the art of designing
and constructing
buildings.
• Architecture
often tells about
what is important in society.

2. I. Medieval Architecture
• Style - “Gothic”
• Gothic Churches had tall spires...

3. • …large stained glass windows and many
vertical lines.
• The purpose of Middle Ages architecture
was to honor God.

4. II. Renaissance Architecture
• Style - old ideas used in new ways
• Horizontal lines instead of vertical

5. • Domes instead of tall spires.
• Small round windows
instead of stained
glass.

6. • Arches - curved
openings
• Vaults - a series of
arches joined together.
• Column - a cylinder
shaped block of stone.
• Purpose was to show
that man and his
world are important.

7. The Cathedral of
Santa Maria
• This great
Cathedral was
completed in
1296 in
Florence,
except...

8. • …it did not
have a dome!
For 124 years the
Cathedral of Santa
Maria had been an
embarrassment for the
city of Florence as no
architect in could be
found capable of
building a dome to
complete this
magnificent church.

9. • The last great dome, the Pantheon was built by
the Ancient Romans.
• The secret of how to build such a dome had
been lost for over 1,000 years.
Our story of the building of the great dome of Santa
Maria begins in 1401 with a contest...

10. • In 1401 a contest was held in Florence
to choose an artist to create a pair of
beautiful bronze doors for the
Baptistry.
• The two finalists were
Lorenzo Ghiberti and
Filippo Brunelleschi.
• The winner was Lorenzo Ghiberti

11. • “The Doors of
Paradise”
by Lorenzo
Ghiberti

13. • In 1419, a contest
was held to
build the
dome.
• The winner was…
• Both men!!

14. • Brunelleschi’s secret was using the old Roman
idea of arches.
• Work began in 1420 and was completed in 1436.