Zinc poisoning
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Zinc phosphide is a rodenticide that causes poisoning by reacting with stomach acid to form phosphine gas, a toxic protoplasmic poison. Symptoms include vomiting, breathing difficulties, circulatory collapse, coma and death within 24 hours due to respiratory or hepatic failure. Treatment involves gastric lavage, activated charcoal, antacids and correcting metabolic acidosis. Zinc phosphide poisoning is often used for suicide or homicide and can cause fatty liver changes, jaundice and renal failure upon autopsy. Chronic zinc oxide vapor inhalation in industrial settings causes metal fume fever with influenza-like symptoms.
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Phosphorus poisoning
Phosphorus is a non metallic element. High exposure may cause some lethal effects.
Some of the treatment methods of poisoning also in it.
Copper poisoning
COPPER POISONING
Appear within 15-30 min
Metallic taste
Increased salivation
Burning pain in stomach
Nausea, vomiting (vomited matter : blue / green colour)
Diarrhoea with much straining (motions are liquid and brown)
Oliguria, haematuria, albuminuria, acidosis, uraemia
In severe cases, haemolysis, jaundice, pancreatitis, convulsions, spasm of legs
Breathing difficulty, cold perception, severe head ache
Death due to HEPATIC or RENAL failure or both
Corrosive poisons
Sulphuric acid is a corrosive poison that causes severe burns and damage upon contact. It works by extracting water from tissues, generating heat, and coagulating proteins. Ingestion can cause pain, swelling and discoloration of the mouth, throat and stomach as well as vomiting, bleeding and perforation of organs. Without treatment, complications like shock, infection and organ failure can be fatal. Autopsy findings show corrosion and blackening of the digestive tract. Diagnosis involves tests of fluids and imaging of injuries. Proper treatment requires immediate dilution and neutralization followed by measures to address complications.
Datura or deliriant poisoning by Mr.Sunil Ahirwar (Forensic Expert)
Datura is a wild plant found throughout India that contains toxic alkaloids like scopolamine, hyoscyamine, and atropine. All parts of the plant are poisonous, but the fruits and seeds pose the greatest danger. Consumption of datura can cause delirium, hallucinations, fever, dilated pupils, dry mouth, and potentially death from respiratory failure. Treatment involves stomach pumping and use of antidotes like physostigmine. The plant has also been used in traditional medicine externally in small amounts but can cause poisoning if absorbed through broken skin. Forensically, datura poisoning may be involved in homicide, suicide, accidents, or illegal abortion attempts.
Metalic (Cu,fe,th,mg) poisoning
1. Copper and copper compounds like copper sulfate and copper subacetate are toxic heavy metals that can cause acute and chronic poisoning through ingestion, inhalation, or skin exposure.
2. Acute copper poisoning causes gastrointestinal symptoms like vomiting and diarrhea as well as liver and kidney damage. Chronic poisoning can result in conditions like anemia, bronchitis, and corneal ulcers.
3. Iron and thallium are also toxic heavy metals that can cause multiple organ damage and even death in acute overdoses. Their absorption is followed by stages of toxicity affecting the gastrointestinal tract, liver, kidneys, and other organs.
4. Potassium permanganate is a toxic compound of manganese that
Cardiac poisons
The document discusses several poisonous plants including tobacco, digitalis, oleander, yellow oleander, and aconite. It describes the toxic constituents of each plant such as nicotine, cardiac glycosides, and aconitine. The symptoms of poisoning and treatment approaches are provided for each plant. Common effects include gastrointestinal issues, arrhythmias, respiratory failure and death. Stomach washing, activated charcoal, and antidotes like atropine and digoxin antibody fragments can be used as treatment in some cases.
Arsenic poisoning( acute, subacute and chronic)
most historic importance as well as industry based poison . alternate medicine treatment may lead to overdose toxicity
Corrosive poisons (Sulphuric acid)
Sulphuric acid as a corrosive poison. the characteristics, fatal dose, fatal time, sign and symptoms, post-mortem appearance and medicolegal importance are discussed
Recommended
Phosphorus poisoning
Phosphorus is a non metallic element. High exposure may cause some lethal effects.
Some of the treatment methods of poisoning also in it.
Copper poisoning
COPPER POISONING
Appear within 15-30 min
Metallic taste
Increased salivation
Burning pain in stomach
Nausea, vomiting (vomited matter : blue / green colour)
Diarrhoea with much straining (motions are liquid and brown)
Oliguria, haematuria, albuminuria, acidosis, uraemia
In severe cases, haemolysis, jaundice, pancreatitis, convulsions, spasm of legs
Breathing difficulty, cold perception, severe head ache
Death due to HEPATIC or RENAL failure or both
Corrosive poisons
Sulphuric acid is a corrosive poison that causes severe burns and damage upon contact. It works by extracting water from tissues, generating heat, and coagulating proteins. Ingestion can cause pain, swelling and discoloration of the mouth, throat and stomach as well as vomiting, bleeding and perforation of organs. Without treatment, complications like shock, infection and organ failure can be fatal. Autopsy findings show corrosion and blackening of the digestive tract. Diagnosis involves tests of fluids and imaging of injuries. Proper treatment requires immediate dilution and neutralization followed by measures to address complications.
Datura or deliriant poisoning by Mr.Sunil Ahirwar (Forensic Expert)
Datura is a wild plant found throughout India that contains toxic alkaloids like scopolamine, hyoscyamine, and atropine. All parts of the plant are poisonous, but the fruits and seeds pose the greatest danger. Consumption of datura can cause delirium, hallucinations, fever, dilated pupils, dry mouth, and potentially death from respiratory failure. Treatment involves stomach pumping and use of antidotes like physostigmine. The plant has also been used in traditional medicine externally in small amounts but can cause poisoning if absorbed through broken skin. Forensically, datura poisoning may be involved in homicide, suicide, accidents, or illegal abortion attempts.
Metalic (Cu,fe,th,mg) poisoning
1. Copper and copper compounds like copper sulfate and copper subacetate are toxic heavy metals that can cause acute and chronic poisoning through ingestion, inhalation, or skin exposure.
2. Acute copper poisoning causes gastrointestinal symptoms like vomiting and diarrhea as well as liver and kidney damage. Chronic poisoning can result in conditions like anemia, bronchitis, and corneal ulcers.
3. Iron and thallium are also toxic heavy metals that can cause multiple organ damage and even death in acute overdoses. Their absorption is followed by stages of toxicity affecting the gastrointestinal tract, liver, kidneys, and other organs.
4. Potassium permanganate is a toxic compound of manganese that
Cardiac poisons
The document discusses several poisonous plants including tobacco, digitalis, oleander, yellow oleander, and aconite. It describes the toxic constituents of each plant such as nicotine, cardiac glycosides, and aconitine. The symptoms of poisoning and treatment approaches are provided for each plant. Common effects include gastrointestinal issues, arrhythmias, respiratory failure and death. Stomach washing, activated charcoal, and antidotes like atropine and digoxin antibody fragments can be used as treatment in some cases.
Arsenic poisoning( acute, subacute and chronic)
most historic importance as well as industry based poison . alternate medicine treatment may lead to overdose toxicity
Corrosive poisons (Sulphuric acid)
Sulphuric acid as a corrosive poison. the characteristics, fatal dose, fatal time, sign and symptoms, post-mortem appearance and medicolegal importance are discussed
Non Metallic Irritant Poisoning
This document discusses phosphorus poisoning from red and white phosphorus. It notes that red phosphorus is used in matchboxes and is odorless, tasteless, and non-toxic, while white phosphorus is highly toxic, flammable, and has a garlicky odor. Symptoms of white phosphorus poisoning include nausea, vomiting, liver and kidney damage, and potentially death from cardiac or electrolyte issues. Treatment involves gastric lavage, activated charcoal, supportive care, and potentially hemodialysis. Autopsy findings may include jaundice, liver damage, and a garlicky odor. Causes of poisoning include accidental, homicidal, criminal abortion, and arson.
Arsenic poisoning
This document discusses arsenic poisoning. It describes arsenic as a heavy metallic inorganic irritant poison, with inorganic arsenic compounds being poisonous. Arsenic acts by binding to sulfhydryl groups in enzymes and replacing phosphorus in bones. Signs and symptoms of arsenic poisoning include acute fulminating poisoning with shock and death, subacute gastroenteritis-like poisoning, and chronic poisoning causing skin pigmentation, nail changes, and neuritis. Treatment involves gastric lavage, chelating agents like BAL, DMSA, and penicillamine. Arsenic poisoning was historically used for homicide due to its low cost and difficulty detecting symptoms.
Dhatura
This document summarizes the effects and properties of deliriant poisons found in plants such as Datura. It describes how all parts of these plants, especially the seeds and fruits, contain toxins like hyoscine and atropine that act on the central and peripheral nervous systems. Poisoning results in a two stage process beginning with delirium marked by symptoms like dry mouth, confusion, and hallucinations. This can progress to a coma stage involving convulsions that often leads to respiratory failure and death. Treatment focuses on stomach pumping, emetics, and antidotes like physostigmine while victims recover within days if they survive.
Lead poining
This document discusses lead poisoning, its sources, uses, health effects, diagnosis, and treatment. It provides information on:
1. Common sources of lead exposure including paint, petrol, household dust, batteries, ceramics, etc.
2. Compounds containing lead like lead acetate, lead tetraoxide, and their uses.
3. How lead is absorbed in the body, stored in bones and tissues, and its toxic effects on organs like the brain and kidneys.
4. Symptoms of lead poisoning in children and adults.
5. Tests to diagnose lead poisoning through blood, urine, and bone tests.
6. Chelation therapies used to treat lead poisoning by removing
Alcohol poisoning
1. Alcohol poisoning can occur from both acute and chronic alcohol consumption and has effects throughout the body, especially the central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, and liver.
2. Treatment for acute alcohol poisoning involves first aid measures like keeping the person awake and monitoring their symptoms, followed by further treatment in the hospital like gastric lavage and IV fluids.
3. Chronic alcohol use can lead to conditions like liver cirrhosis and Korsakoff's psychosis. Treatment focuses on medications to prevent further alcohol use and psychotherapy. Death from alcohol poisoning may result from related causes like traffic accidents, suicide, or organ failure.
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This document discusses cyanide poisoning. It begins by defining cyanide and listing common sources such as fumigation of ships, electroplating, and the plastic industry. Cyanide poisoning can occur through homicide, suicide, or accidents involving these industries. It is absorbed through inhalation, ingestion, or skin absorption. Clinically, it causes rapid death by inhibiting cellular respiration. Signs include a bitter almond smell, nausea, vomiting, and loss of consciousness. Post-mortem, the body has a bright red color and bitter almond odor. Treatment focuses on giving oxygen, activated charcoal if ingested, and dicobalt edetate as an antidote to prevent death.
Opium
This document summarizes information about opium and its effects. It discusses that opium is derived from poppy plants and contains alkaloids like morphine and codeine. It can be administered orally, intravenously, by inhalation, or through other orifices. Its effects include an initial excitement stage, followed by a stupor stage and then deep narcosis. It acts on opioid receptors in the central nervous system. Prolonged use can lead to morphine dependence and withdrawal symptoms. Naloxone is used as an antidote for opiate overdoses.
Corrosive poisons
This document discusses various corrosive poisons including acids and alkalies. It describes their properties, clinical effects, post-mortem findings, and medicolegal aspects. Major acids discussed are sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, oxalic acid, and carbolic acid. Their local tissue-destroying effects and systemic toxicity are outlined. Major alkalies covered are ammonia, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, and sodium/potassium carbonates. Their caustic properties, inhalation dangers, and causes of death are summarized. The document provides details on evaluating and treating corrosive poisoning cases.
Sulphuric acid poisoning
Sulfuric acid poisoning causes painful burning in the throat, vomiting, constipation, and suppressed urination. Signs include chalky white teeth, erosion of skin and mucous membranes around the mouth, and blackening of areas exposed to the acid. A fatal dose is 5-10 ml, with death occurring within 12-18 hours by shock, stomach perforation, or peritonitis. Treatment involves dilution of the acid with milk or water followed by antacids and corticosteroids. Post-mortem findings include erosion of skin around the mouth, corrosion of the trachea and larynx, and blackened charring of the stomach. Sulfuric acid poisoning can be accidental, suicidal, or
Snake & Snake bites
Snake bites can be fatal, causing around 30-40 thousand deaths per year in tropical countries. Poisonous snakes use venom glands and hollow fangs to inject victims. Cobra venom causes symptoms within minutes like blurred vision and paralysis, while krait and viper venom have longer onset but can cause bleeding, organ damage, and death from shock. First aid involves cleaning the wound, immobilizing the limb, and rushing the victim to the hospital. There, antivenom treatment, supportive care, and monitoring for anaphylaxis are given to counter the effects of the venom and save the victim's life.
Methyl alchohol poisoning
Methanol is metabolized in the body to formaldehyde and then formic acid. Formic acid is responsible for methanol toxicity and causes acidosis, tissue hypoxia, and circulatory failure. Symptoms of methanol poisoning range from mild like dizziness and headache to severe like metabolic acidosis, convulsions, coma, and respiratory failure. Treatment involves correcting acidosis with sodium bicarbonate, giving ethanol to compete with methanol metabolism, and removing formic acid through hemodialysis or folinic acid. A case study describes a 58-year-old man with a history of alcoholism who was found unconscious after consuming alcohol and developed seizures, metabolic acidosis, and died from respiratory depression and cardiac failure
Metal poisoning
For More Medicine Free PPT - http://playnever.blogspot.com/
For Health benefits and medicine videos Subscribe youtube channel - https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLKg-H-sMh9G01zEg4YpndngXODW2bq92w
Asphyxia and airway death
This document discusses various types of asphyxia including hanging, strangulation, suffocation, and drowning. It describes the causes, features, and autopsy findings of each type. Some key points include:
- Asphyxia is a condition where oxygen supply to tissues is reduced due to interference with respiration.
- Causes include obstruction of air passages, inhalation of toxic gases, respiratory muscle spasms, or paralysis of the respiratory center.
- Autopsy findings for hanging include ligature marks, petechial hemorrhages, congestion of organs and carotid artery tears.
- Strangulation causes include ligatures or manual compression of the neck. Findings are ligature marks and
Toxicology
This document summarizes the duties and responsibilities of doctors in cases of suspected poisoning. It describes relevant sections of the Indian Penal Code and Criminal Procedure Code, including requirements to preserve evidence and inform authorities. It also provides guidance on treating specific types of poisoning through gastric lavage, activated charcoal, and antidotes. Common poisons discussed include organophosphates, heavy metals, acids, and other toxic substances. Post-mortem findings are also outlined.
Spinal poisons
1. Strychnos Nux Vomica seeds contain the toxic alkaloids strychnine and brucine, which act as spinal poisons by competitively blocking inhibitory receptors in the spinal cord, causing widespread muscle spasms and convulsions.
2. Curare acts as a peripheral nerve poison by blocking nicotinic acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction, causing flaccid paralysis.
3. Conium Maculatum (Hemlock) contains the toxic alkaloid coniine and causes progressive motor paralysis through its effects.
Toxicology
Toxicology is a very important topic and if u try reading each
poisons Separately , u will definitely forget them.
So best way to remember them more is to practice
MCQs and then read topics by correlating.
That’s what I think….
It may or may not apply for u…..
But atleast try once like this and then choose your own way .
Datura (dhatura, atropine , scopolamine, thorn apple , jimson weed) poisoning...
This document discusses Datura poisoning, also known as deliriant poisoning. It begins with an introduction to the Datura plant, including its key features and traditional uses. The main active principles in Datura that cause toxicity are then outlined. The mechanisms of action and typical signs and symptoms of Datura poisoning are described next, including effects on the central nervous system and characteristics like dry mouth and dilated pupils. Fatal doses, diagnosis, treatment, and postmortem appearances are summarized. The document concludes by noting the potential medicolegal aspects of Datura poisoning, such as uses in crimes like robbery or kidnapping.
Mercury Poisoning
It is heavy metal and bright silvery in appearance.It is liquid and is non poisonous if swallowed. However, it volatilizes at room temp and inhalation of vapors is toxic. It gets widely distributed throughout the body and causes toxic damage to brain, kidney, peripheral nervous system, mucous membranes etc
Cannabis poisoning (Neurotic poison)
This document discusses cannabis poisoning and provides key information about cannabis. It describes how cannabis is prepared in forms like bhang, ganja, and charas. Signs of acute cannabis poisoning include euphoria, confusion, and psychosis. Chronic use can cause apathy, dependence, and conditions like "hashish insanity." The minimum lethal doses are 2 grams per kg for charas and 8 grams per kg for ganja. Diagnosis involves clinical symptoms and urine tests. Treatment focuses on decontamination, controlling psychosis, and gradual withdrawal. Postmortem findings may show asphyxia but no distinctive signs. Medicolegal aspects note its use in robbery and potential for addiction.
Aluminium Phosphide Poisoning
Toxicology on aluminium phosphide, the characteristics, fatal dose,fatal period, sign and symptoms, postmortem appearance and medicolegal importance are discussed.
Metallic poison - As & Ba
The document provides information on metallic poisons arsenic and barium. It discusses the forms, mechanisms of action, absorption, excretion, signs and symptoms of acute and chronic poisoning, laboratory investigations, treatment, and post-mortem findings for both arsenic and barium poisoning. It also covers the medical-legal importance of arsenic as a homicidal poison due to its tasteless and odorless properties.
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here you can find most of the rodenticides from different classes and their toxicities(mechanism) in animals specially, along with their treatment...... hope it will help :)
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Non Metallic Irritant Poisoning
This document discusses phosphorus poisoning from red and white phosphorus. It notes that red phosphorus is used in matchboxes and is odorless, tasteless, and non-toxic, while white phosphorus is highly toxic, flammable, and has a garlicky odor. Symptoms of white phosphorus poisoning include nausea, vomiting, liver and kidney damage, and potentially death from cardiac or electrolyte issues. Treatment involves gastric lavage, activated charcoal, supportive care, and potentially hemodialysis. Autopsy findings may include jaundice, liver damage, and a garlicky odor. Causes of poisoning include accidental, homicidal, criminal abortion, and arson.
Arsenic poisoning
This document discusses arsenic poisoning. It describes arsenic as a heavy metallic inorganic irritant poison, with inorganic arsenic compounds being poisonous. Arsenic acts by binding to sulfhydryl groups in enzymes and replacing phosphorus in bones. Signs and symptoms of arsenic poisoning include acute fulminating poisoning with shock and death, subacute gastroenteritis-like poisoning, and chronic poisoning causing skin pigmentation, nail changes, and neuritis. Treatment involves gastric lavage, chelating agents like BAL, DMSA, and penicillamine. Arsenic poisoning was historically used for homicide due to its low cost and difficulty detecting symptoms.
Dhatura
This document summarizes the effects and properties of deliriant poisons found in plants such as Datura. It describes how all parts of these plants, especially the seeds and fruits, contain toxins like hyoscine and atropine that act on the central and peripheral nervous systems. Poisoning results in a two stage process beginning with delirium marked by symptoms like dry mouth, confusion, and hallucinations. This can progress to a coma stage involving convulsions that often leads to respiratory failure and death. Treatment focuses on stomach pumping, emetics, and antidotes like physostigmine while victims recover within days if they survive.
Lead poining
This document discusses lead poisoning, its sources, uses, health effects, diagnosis, and treatment. It provides information on:
1. Common sources of lead exposure including paint, petrol, household dust, batteries, ceramics, etc.
2. Compounds containing lead like lead acetate, lead tetraoxide, and their uses.
3. How lead is absorbed in the body, stored in bones and tissues, and its toxic effects on organs like the brain and kidneys.
4. Symptoms of lead poisoning in children and adults.
5. Tests to diagnose lead poisoning through blood, urine, and bone tests.
6. Chelation therapies used to treat lead poisoning by removing
Alcohol poisoning
1. Alcohol poisoning can occur from both acute and chronic alcohol consumption and has effects throughout the body, especially the central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, and liver.
2. Treatment for acute alcohol poisoning involves first aid measures like keeping the person awake and monitoring their symptoms, followed by further treatment in the hospital like gastric lavage and IV fluids.
3. Chronic alcohol use can lead to conditions like liver cirrhosis and Korsakoff's psychosis. Treatment focuses on medications to prevent further alcohol use and psychotherapy. Death from alcohol poisoning may result from related causes like traffic accidents, suicide, or organ failure.
Cyanide poisoning_Forensic Medicine
This document discusses cyanide poisoning. It begins by defining cyanide and listing common sources such as fumigation of ships, electroplating, and the plastic industry. Cyanide poisoning can occur through homicide, suicide, or accidents involving these industries. It is absorbed through inhalation, ingestion, or skin absorption. Clinically, it causes rapid death by inhibiting cellular respiration. Signs include a bitter almond smell, nausea, vomiting, and loss of consciousness. Post-mortem, the body has a bright red color and bitter almond odor. Treatment focuses on giving oxygen, activated charcoal if ingested, and dicobalt edetate as an antidote to prevent death.
Opium
This document summarizes information about opium and its effects. It discusses that opium is derived from poppy plants and contains alkaloids like morphine and codeine. It can be administered orally, intravenously, by inhalation, or through other orifices. Its effects include an initial excitement stage, followed by a stupor stage and then deep narcosis. It acts on opioid receptors in the central nervous system. Prolonged use can lead to morphine dependence and withdrawal symptoms. Naloxone is used as an antidote for opiate overdoses.
Corrosive poisons
This document discusses various corrosive poisons including acids and alkalies. It describes their properties, clinical effects, post-mortem findings, and medicolegal aspects. Major acids discussed are sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, oxalic acid, and carbolic acid. Their local tissue-destroying effects and systemic toxicity are outlined. Major alkalies covered are ammonia, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, and sodium/potassium carbonates. Their caustic properties, inhalation dangers, and causes of death are summarized. The document provides details on evaluating and treating corrosive poisoning cases.
Sulphuric acid poisoning
Sulfuric acid poisoning causes painful burning in the throat, vomiting, constipation, and suppressed urination. Signs include chalky white teeth, erosion of skin and mucous membranes around the mouth, and blackening of areas exposed to the acid. A fatal dose is 5-10 ml, with death occurring within 12-18 hours by shock, stomach perforation, or peritonitis. Treatment involves dilution of the acid with milk or water followed by antacids and corticosteroids. Post-mortem findings include erosion of skin around the mouth, corrosion of the trachea and larynx, and blackened charring of the stomach. Sulfuric acid poisoning can be accidental, suicidal, or
Snake & Snake bites
Snake bites can be fatal, causing around 30-40 thousand deaths per year in tropical countries. Poisonous snakes use venom glands and hollow fangs to inject victims. Cobra venom causes symptoms within minutes like blurred vision and paralysis, while krait and viper venom have longer onset but can cause bleeding, organ damage, and death from shock. First aid involves cleaning the wound, immobilizing the limb, and rushing the victim to the hospital. There, antivenom treatment, supportive care, and monitoring for anaphylaxis are given to counter the effects of the venom and save the victim's life.
Methyl alchohol poisoning
Methanol is metabolized in the body to formaldehyde and then formic acid. Formic acid is responsible for methanol toxicity and causes acidosis, tissue hypoxia, and circulatory failure. Symptoms of methanol poisoning range from mild like dizziness and headache to severe like metabolic acidosis, convulsions, coma, and respiratory failure. Treatment involves correcting acidosis with sodium bicarbonate, giving ethanol to compete with methanol metabolism, and removing formic acid through hemodialysis or folinic acid. A case study describes a 58-year-old man with a history of alcoholism who was found unconscious after consuming alcohol and developed seizures, metabolic acidosis, and died from respiratory depression and cardiac failure
Metal poisoning
For More Medicine Free PPT - http://playnever.blogspot.com/
For Health benefits and medicine videos Subscribe youtube channel - https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLKg-H-sMh9G01zEg4YpndngXODW2bq92w
Asphyxia and airway death
This document discusses various types of asphyxia including hanging, strangulation, suffocation, and drowning. It describes the causes, features, and autopsy findings of each type. Some key points include:
- Asphyxia is a condition where oxygen supply to tissues is reduced due to interference with respiration.
- Causes include obstruction of air passages, inhalation of toxic gases, respiratory muscle spasms, or paralysis of the respiratory center.
- Autopsy findings for hanging include ligature marks, petechial hemorrhages, congestion of organs and carotid artery tears.
- Strangulation causes include ligatures or manual compression of the neck. Findings are ligature marks and
Toxicology
This document summarizes the duties and responsibilities of doctors in cases of suspected poisoning. It describes relevant sections of the Indian Penal Code and Criminal Procedure Code, including requirements to preserve evidence and inform authorities. It also provides guidance on treating specific types of poisoning through gastric lavage, activated charcoal, and antidotes. Common poisons discussed include organophosphates, heavy metals, acids, and other toxic substances. Post-mortem findings are also outlined.
Spinal poisons
1. Strychnos Nux Vomica seeds contain the toxic alkaloids strychnine and brucine, which act as spinal poisons by competitively blocking inhibitory receptors in the spinal cord, causing widespread muscle spasms and convulsions.
2. Curare acts as a peripheral nerve poison by blocking nicotinic acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction, causing flaccid paralysis.
3. Conium Maculatum (Hemlock) contains the toxic alkaloid coniine and causes progressive motor paralysis through its effects.
Toxicology
Toxicology is a very important topic and if u try reading each
poisons Separately , u will definitely forget them.
So best way to remember them more is to practice
MCQs and then read topics by correlating.
That’s what I think….
It may or may not apply for u…..
But atleast try once like this and then choose your own way .
Datura (dhatura, atropine , scopolamine, thorn apple , jimson weed) poisoning...
This document discusses Datura poisoning, also known as deliriant poisoning. It begins with an introduction to the Datura plant, including its key features and traditional uses. The main active principles in Datura that cause toxicity are then outlined. The mechanisms of action and typical signs and symptoms of Datura poisoning are described next, including effects on the central nervous system and characteristics like dry mouth and dilated pupils. Fatal doses, diagnosis, treatment, and postmortem appearances are summarized. The document concludes by noting the potential medicolegal aspects of Datura poisoning, such as uses in crimes like robbery or kidnapping.
Mercury Poisoning
It is heavy metal and bright silvery in appearance.It is liquid and is non poisonous if swallowed. However, it volatilizes at room temp and inhalation of vapors is toxic. It gets widely distributed throughout the body and causes toxic damage to brain, kidney, peripheral nervous system, mucous membranes etc
Cannabis poisoning (Neurotic poison)
This document discusses cannabis poisoning and provides key information about cannabis. It describes how cannabis is prepared in forms like bhang, ganja, and charas. Signs of acute cannabis poisoning include euphoria, confusion, and psychosis. Chronic use can cause apathy, dependence, and conditions like "hashish insanity." The minimum lethal doses are 2 grams per kg for charas and 8 grams per kg for ganja. Diagnosis involves clinical symptoms and urine tests. Treatment focuses on decontamination, controlling psychosis, and gradual withdrawal. Postmortem findings may show asphyxia but no distinctive signs. Medicolegal aspects note its use in robbery and potential for addiction.
Aluminium Phosphide Poisoning
Toxicology on aluminium phosphide, the characteristics, fatal dose,fatal period, sign and symptoms, postmortem appearance and medicolegal importance are discussed.
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Datura (dhatura, atropine , scopolamine, thorn apple , jimson weed) poisoning...
Datura (dhatura, atropine , scopolamine, thorn apple , jimson weed) poisoning...
Similar to Zinc poisoning
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The document provides information on metallic poisons arsenic and barium. It discusses the forms, mechanisms of action, absorption, excretion, signs and symptoms of acute and chronic poisoning, laboratory investigations, treatment, and post-mortem findings for both arsenic and barium poisoning. It also covers the medical-legal importance of arsenic as a homicidal poison due to its tasteless and odorless properties.
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here you can find most of the rodenticides from different classes and their toxicities(mechanism) in animals specially, along with their treatment...... hope it will help :)
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Please find the power point on Inorganic (non metallic) irritants poisons. I tried to present it on understandable way and all the contents are reviewed by experts and from very reliable references. Thank you
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1. Inorganic irritants like phosphorus, iodine, chlorine, and powdered glass act locally to damage tissues through various mechanisms like extracting water, coagulating proteins, and directly corroding surfaces.
2. Phosphorus poisoning can cause serious and potentially fatal effects within 12-48 hours from just 1 gram ingested. Chronic exposure leads to "phossy jaw" bone necrosis.
3. Aluminum phosphide used as a fumigant is highly toxic and a common cause of suicide, with mortality rates over 50% even from a single tablet. It liberates phosphine gas which is cytotoxic.
Arsenic poisoning roll no.82
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Pesticides are substances used to control pests and include insecticides, fungicides, herbicides, and others. They work through various mechanisms of toxicity, primarily targeting pest nervous systems or other critical biological functions. While useful in agriculture and pest control, pesticides can also harm non-target species and proper regulation seeks to limit human and environmental exposure. The document outlines several major classes of pesticides like organophosphates, carbamates, pyrethroids, and others; their mechanisms of toxicity; and treatment approaches for pesticide poisoning.
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Cyanide is a highly toxic substance that can cause death within minutes. The document discusses cyanide poisoning, including its sources, signs and symptoms, treatment, and forensic examination. It also provides an example case of 6 people in Indonesia who died from cyanide poisoning after eating cassava flour contaminated with cyanide. The document defines toxicology and outlines factors that influence toxicity, as well as regulations related to poisoning cases.
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Arsenic toxicity in animals can occur through ingestion, inhalation, or dermal exposure. The document discusses the sources, clinical signs, post-mortem findings, diagnosis, and treatment of arsenic poisoning in various animal species. It provides lethal dose information for different animals and details the mechanisms of toxicity, which involve inhibition of enzymatic reactions through binding to sulfhydryl groups. Distribution is widespread in the body with high concentrations in the liver, kidneys, and other organs.
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Heavy metal poisoning PPT.pptx
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This document discusses different types of insecticides including organophosphorus compounds, halogenated hydrocarbons, and miscellaneous preparations. It provides details on the absorption, metabolism, mode of action, symptoms of poisoning, treatment, and postmortem findings of organophosphorus compounds and halogenated hydrocarbons like DDT. Specific insecticides discussed in depth include parathion, malathion, DDT, aldrin, and dieldrin.
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Environmental diseases
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E coli - Microbiology
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Zinc poisoning
- 2. Important salts • Zinc Phosphide • Zinc Chloride • Zinc Oxide • ZINC Sulphate • ZINC STEARATE
- 3. Zinc Phosphide • Rodenticide • Grey crystalline powder • Repulsive odour of Rotten fish.
- 4. Action • Ingested- reacts with hydrochloric acid • Forms Phosphine- toxic • Protoplasmic poison & inhibits cytochrome C • Respiratory poison
- 5. Fatal Dose – 5 gm Fatal period – 24 hours.
- 6. Signs and Symptoms • GIT- Burning sensation , nausea and vomiting • Respiratory system • Dyspnoea , cyanosis, breathlessness, fever and respiratory distress. • Death- Pulmonary oedema and respiratory paralysis
- 7. • CVS- Dysrhythmias, circulatory collapse • CNS- Coma , convulsions and death • Liver • If person survives more than 24 hours- hepatic failure may occur. • Fatty change and necrosis. • Deeply jaundiced and death due to hepatorenal failure.
- 8. Renal complications • Renal tubular necrosis • Renal failure
- 9. Treatment • Gastric lavage with potassium permanganate. • Activated charcoal 100gm orally can be given to adsorb Phosphine • Antacids can be given to reduce the absorption of Phosphine from the stomach.
- 10. • Liquid paraffin can be given to increase the excretion of Zinc phosphide. • Intravenous infusion of glucose saline and hydrocortisone. • Hypoxia should be corrected by giving oxygen. • Metabolic acidosis should be corrected by giving sodium bicarbonate • Hemodialysis
- 11. Postmortem Appearance • Garlicky smell in the stomach contents due presence of phosphine • Internal organs- Congested • Lungs- Congested and edematous • Liver- fatty change and centrilobular necrosis
- 12. • Brain- Oedematous • Yellowish discoloration of all membranes, meninges and costal cartilages- jaundice
- 13. Medicolegal Aspect • Zinc phosphide is main content in rat poison. • It is used for suicidal and homicidal purposes. • Accidental poisoning- children
- 14. Zinc Oxide • Poisonous . • Chronic poisoning – industrial workers • Metal fume fever • Inhalation of zinc oxide vapour in industries causes chill and fever, a condition knows as “zinc ShakeS”
- 15. Signs and Symptoms • An influenza like syndrome • Starts 4-8 hours after the exposure to fumes. • Patients will have fever, headache, chills, dyspnoea, cyanosis, metallic taste in mouth, salivation, sweating and tachycardia,
- 16. Treatment • Oxygen • Bronchodilators • Symptomatic treatment
- 17. THANK YOU