This document discusses wireless sensor networks (WSN). A WSN consists of sensor nodes that can sense various environmental conditions like temperature, pressure, and motion. Each sensor node contains components like a microcontroller, memory, radio transceiver, and a power source. The nodes are organized into clusters with a cluster head that collects data from nodes and sends it to the base station. Clustering helps avoid traffic, reduce transmission time and energy consumption. The cluster head is selected based on available energy. WSNs can be used in various applications like monitoring forests, factories, animals, humans, bridges, and caves.

1. WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS
By,
M.K.Praveen M.Tech..,
II M.Tech (D.C.N)
KLU 30-Jun-15
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2. Why WSN..??
 In order to sense the objects in the environment and involves in the
communication.
 When compared to the other networks, WSN has the sensing character to
senses the objects.
 Other networks cannot have such type of sensing capacity.
 For security purpose we can use the wsn.
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3. INTRODUCTION
WSN (Wireless Sensor Network) is a wireless network
consists of a base station and a number of wireless sensors i.e.., (nodes)
in order to sense the temperature, pressure, motion etc.., in different
environmental conditions.
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4. Components Present In a Sensor Nodes
 A wireless sensor network is a collection of nodes.
 Each node consists of processing capability (one or more microcontrollers, CPUs
etc..,).
 Also contain multiple types of memory (program, data and flash memories).
 A RF transceiver (usually with a single Omni-directional antenna) &
 A power source (e.g., batteries and solar cells).
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5. CLUSTER
 Group of Nodes Gathered (i.e.., Collectively) together to form
a “CLUSTER”.
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6. Why We Need Cluster?
 Avoid Traffic
 Time Consumption
 Energy Consumption
 Quick Transmission of Information etc..,
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7. Contd…,
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WITHOUT CLUSTER WITH CLUSTER

8. LEADER(i.e., CLUSTER HEAD) Selection
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 Cluster Head(CH) acts as a leader for the cluster nodes.
 CH collects the data from the cluster nodes and given to the Base Station(BS).
 CH will Selects based on their “energy level”.
 Priority-wise the CH will be selected.

9. POWER SOURCE
 Re-Chargeable Batteries,
 Solar Cells etc..,
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10. ANTENNA USED
 Many antennas are there here we are using only the “Omni-
Directional Antenna”.
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12. MILITARY
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13. FOREST FIRE DETECTION
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14. ANIMAL CENSUS IN DENSE FOREST
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15. FACTORIES
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16. ANIMAL HEALTH MONITORING
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17. HUMAN HEALTH MONITORING
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18. BRIDGES
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19. CAVES
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20. 30-Jun-15
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