Wireless sensor networks consist of distributed autonomous sensors that monitor physical or environmental conditions. Sensor nodes gather data and transmit it to a central location. Wireless sensor networks have applications in fields like military surveillance, environmental monitoring, healthcare, home automation, and traffic control. The design of wireless sensor networks is influenced by factors like fault tolerance, scalability, hardware constraints, topology, and power consumption.

1. BY:
JOHNSAIDA.NOORBASHA
ECE
VVIT.

WIRELESS SENSOR
NETWORKS

2. •Introduction
•Wireless Sensor Networks Applications
•Factors Influencing Sensor Network Design
•Characteristics
•Advantages
•Disadvantages
•Conclusion
Contents:

3. IMAGES OF SENSORS

4. Introduction
sensor
 A transducer
 converts physical phenomenon e.g. heat, light, motion,
vibration, and sound into electrical signals
sensor node
 basic unit in sensor network
 contains on-board sensors, processor, memory,
transceiver, and power supply
sensor network
 consists of a large number of sensor nodes
 nodes deployed either inside or very close to the sensed
phenomenon

5. SENSOR NETWORK
FIRE

6. Wireless Sensor Networks Applications
Military Applications
 Monitoring friendly forces, equipment, and
ammunition
 Battlefield surveillance
 Reconnaissance of opposing forces and terrain
 Targeting
 Battle damage assessment
 Nuclear, biological, and chemical attack
detection

7. Environmental Applications
 Forest fire detection
 Bio-complexity mapping of environment
 Flood detection
 Precision Agriculture
 Air and water pollution

8. Health Applications
 Medical applications are of two types:
 1:wearable->used on body surface of a human
or just at close proximity of the user.
 2:implanted-> The implantable medical
devices are those that are inserted inside
human body.
 Telemonitoring of human physiological data
 Tracking and monitoring doctors and patients
inside a hospital
 Drug administration in hospitals

10. Home and Office Applications
 Home and office automation
 Smart environment

11. Automotive Applications
 Reduces wiring effects
 Measurements in chambers and rotating parts
 Remote technical inspections
 Conditions monitoring e.g. at a bearing

12. Automotive Applications

13. Other Commercial Applications
 Environmental control in office buildings
(estimated energy savings $55 billion per
year!)
 Interactive museums
 Detecting and monitoring car thefts
 Managing inventory control
 Vehicle tracking and detection

14. Factors Influencing WSN Design
 Fault tolerance
 Scalability
 Production costs
 Hardware constraints
 Sensor network topology
 Environment
 Transmission media
 Power Consumption
 Sensing
 Communication
 Data processing

15. SENSOR NODES
 Worldsens Inc. Sensor
Node
Crossbow Sensor Node

16. Characteristics
The main characteristics of a WSN include:
• Power consumption constraints for nodes using
batteries or energy harvesting.
• Ability to cope with node failures (resilience)
• Mobility of nodes
• Ease of use
Cross-layersdesign

17. ADVANTAGES
 Sensors networks allow a system to be
extended from one with basic functions to
one that can receive and act on data about
the environment it operates in.
 Sensors such as PIR detectors are relatively
cheap if using wired versions.

18. DISADVANTAGES
 Users need to decide carefully if they wish to
be monitored 24 hours a day by a computer
system.
 A Sensor Network may require a lot of
additional wiring to be installed around the
house to allow sensors to work - unless the
sensors used are wireless.

19. CONCLUSION
 WSNs possible today due to technological
advancement in various domains
 Envisioned to become an essential part of our
lives
 Design Constraints need to be satisfied for
realization of sensor networks
 Tremendous research efforts being made in
different layers of WSNs protocol stack