WATERPROOFING,Damp proofing, Common Water Damage problems ,Benefits of Waterproofing,How Water can penetrate Concrete Strctures,Why Waterpoofing is Important,What could happen if a building isn’t waterproof , Importance of waterproofing in building ,Waterproofing Methods,Cementitious Waterproofing Liquid Waterproofing Membrane, Bituminous Membrane Bituminous Coating Polyurethane Liquid Membrane, Problem solution for waterproofing,What is concrete cancerSix Common cause of concrete cancer include

1. WATERPROOFING
by Er. Ankaj Kumar

2. Introduction
Water proofing
Protection to prevent water entering in
internal and external building structures like
toilets, swimming pools, water tanks, retaining
walls, roofs etc.
Damp proofing
Treatment to a surface to resist the passage of
water in areas like foundations, exterior walls,
metal surfaces, metal staircases etc.

3. Common Water Damage problems
• Corrosion of steel reinforcement in
concrete
• Blistering of paint
• Dampness on walls, roofs & Floors
• Leakage in water tanks

5. Benefits of Waterproofing
• Increased durability of concrete
structures
• Reduce chemical attack
• Cost reduction in maintenance
• Prevents growth of dangerous
mold

6. Water proofing may also be done after a building is built ,to address
problems as they emerge or as part of a building retrofit. Water
proofing is done in various parts of the building which include
• WC
• Bathrooms
• Terrace
• Roofs and chajjas
• Basement
• Swimming pools
• Underground ducts
• Underground and over head water tanks
Water proofing maintains the appearance of the building and increases
the life of the structure

7. How Water can penetrate Concrete
Strctures?

8. Why Waterpoofing is Important
• When we refer back to the definition of
waterproofing as a barrier to prevent water
entering or escaping from structure, then the
real importance is reflected in the
consequences of not waterproofing.

9. What could happen if a building isn’t
waterproof ?
• Poor waterproofing brings serious risk to the
integrity of a building.
• When exposed to water ,foundation cracks or
joints may lead to bigger structural problems.
These are, Leakage ,Spalling ,Deterioration
• If the building is made up of wood or has wood
furnishings the moisture from water intrusion will
cause wood to rot or delaminate.
• Mould spores also pose hazards. Exposure to
these may lead to allergies, asthma, irritations
and fungal infection.

10. Importance of waterproofing in
building
• Building regulations Local building codes strictly assert
waterproof as one of the important requirements in
any high- rise building works. eg:- Sydney
waterproofing contractors follow these guidelines to
ensure a safe and sustainable application.
• Risk prevention Preventive risk management of any
structure, it is important to have the right
waterproofing solutions to assets as well as its
occupants. If not done correctly, it can result damage
to the property, valuable and health risk to people.

11. Important of waterproofing in
buildings cont.
• Prevent unnecessary cost It is wiser to invest in
preventive risk measures than to pay for
damage repairs. Any building requires regular
maintenance to protect it from damage
caused by water, roof waterproofing is an
effective preventive measure.

12. Waterproofing Methods
• Cementitious Waterproofing
• Liquid Waterproofing Membrane
• Bituminous Membrane
• Bituminous Coating
• Polyurethane Liquid Membrane

13. 1. Cementitious Waterproofing
• Cementitious waterproofing is the easiest
method of waterproofing in construction. The
materials for cementitious waterproofing are
readily available from suppliers of masonry
products. And they are easy to mix and apply.
• The applications of the cementitious
waterproofing technique are in the internal wet
areas, such as toilets. That is why it does not go
through the contract and expansion process.

14. Cementitions Waterproofing
a. Materials – Masonry products
b. This method is often used in the internal wet
area.
• Toilets
• Laundries
• Kitchens
• Entries
• This methods semi-flexible or rigid.
• Its not exposed to sunlight and weathering.

15. Cementitious Waterproofing cont.

16. Applications of Cementitious
Waterproofing
• Water treatment plants
• Sewage treatment facilities
• Bridges
• Dams
• Railway and subway systems
• Marine cargo ports and docks
• River locks/channels
• Parking structures
• Tunnels

17. 2. Liquid Waterproofing Membrane
• The liquid membrane consists of a primer coat
and two topcoats. The application of the coatings
is by spray, roller, or trowel. The liquid layer is
thin and offers more flexibility than the
cementitious types of waterproofing.
• The liquid cures into a rubbery coating on the
wall. The elongation properties of the coat can
reach as high as 280%. The durability of the
waterproofing coating depends on what type of
polymer the manufacturer used for the making of
the liquid waterproofing.

18. Liquid Waterproofing Membrane
cont.
Liquid waterproofing membrane can be of a spray-applied liquid layer composed of
polymer-modified asphalt. Polyurethane liquid membranes in separate grades for
trowel, roller, or spray are also available from various manufacturers.

19. Liquid Waterproofing Membrane
cont.
Equipment used for coatings-
• Spray
• Roller
• trowel
• Which may be aqueous solution or gas mixture.
• Liquid membrane should be immiscible with
water.
• Low vapor pressure.
• This methods more flexible.

20. Advantage
• A liquid waterproofing membrane is essential
for protecting many building structures.
These flexible membranes are hand or spray
applied onto surfaces such as balconies,
podium decks and green roofs. They are even
used to line municipal water tanks to prevent
leaks.

21. Cont.
Liquid Waterproofing Membrane is used in the
following type of structures:
• Balconies
• Podium decks
• Green roofs
• Water tank

22. 3.Bituminous Coating Waterproofing
• Bituminous coating (asphalt coating) is made of bitumen
based materials. It is a flexible protective coat based on its
formulation and polymerization grade. The flexibility and
protection against water can be influenced by the polymer
grade and reinforcement of fiber.
• The most common applications of bituminous coatings
include areas that are beneath screed wet. It is an excellent
protective coating and waterproofing agent, especially on
surfaces such as concrete foundations.
• It is not suitable for exposure to sunlight unless it is
modified with a more flexible material such as
polyurethane or acrylic-based polymers.

23. Bituminous Coating Waterproofing
cont.

24. Bituminous Coating cont.
• Bituminous Coating is also called as asphalt
coating.
• This methods commonly use beneath screed wet
area.
• It is an excellent waterproofing methods for a
concrete foundation.
• It is made of bitumen based materials.
• Should not expose to sunlight.
• Exposure to the sunlight can be unstable and
fragile.

25. 4. Bituminous Membrane
Waterproofing
• Bituminous membrane waterproofing is a popular method used for
low-sloped roofs due to their proven performance. The bituminous
waterproofing membrane has a torch on the layer and self-adhesive
membrane.
• Self-adhesive compounds comprise asphalt, polymers, and filler;
additionally, certain resins and oils may be added to improve
adhesion characteristics. The self-adhesive type has a low shelf life
as bonding properties of the membrane reduces with time.
• Torch on membrane has exposed and covered types. The exposed
layer often has granular mineral aggregate to withstand the wear
and tear of the weathering. For the other kind of membrane, the
contractor needs to apply one protective screed to prevent the
puncture of the membrane.

26. Bituminous Membrane
Waterproofing cont.

27. Bituminous Membrane cont.
• Its popular method used for low-sloped roofs.
• Bituminous waterproofing membrane have torch
on membrane and self-adhesive membrane.
• Self-adhesive compounds-
• comprise asphalt
• Polymers
• Filler
• Certain resins and oils may be added to improve
adhesion characteristics.

28. 5. Polyurethane Liquid Membrane
Waterproofing
• Polyurethane liquid membrane method of
waterproofing is used for the flat roof area
and exposed to weathering. This
waterproofing method is expensive.

29. Polyurethane Liquid Membrane
Waterproofing cont.
Polyurethane Liquid Membrane can offer higher flexibility. Polyurethane is
very sensitive to moisture content. Therefore before application, one has to
be very careful evaluating the moisture content of the concrete slab,
otherwise peeling or de-bonding of membranes may happen after some time

30. Polyurethane Liquid Waterproofing
Membrane
Equipment used for coatings-
• Spray
• Roller
• trowel
• Which may be aqueous solution or gas mixture.
• Liquid membrane should be immiscible with
water.
• Low vapor pressure.
• This methods more flexible.

31. Advantages of Polyurethane liquid
waterproofing membranes
• No significant load increase on
lightweight decks and roofs.
• UV resistant, no coat protection
required.
• Easy to repair, even locally. long term
maintenance is quick and low cost

32. Liquid Waterproofing Membrane is used in the
following type of structures:
• Balconies
• Podium decks
• Green roofs
• Water tank

33. Problem solution for waterproofing
Waterproofing
• Waterproofing is the best preventative measure to take against
concrete cancer
• Reducing the life of the building
• Use Wolfing or cosmofin
• Cracking the walls of the building
• Damage to household goods
There are five commen water proofing issues
1. Isuus from above
2. Incorrect water proofing
3. Balconies
4. Windows
5. Ignoring the need for maintenance

34. What is concrete cancer?
• When buildings are constructed, concrete is reinforced with bars or
mesh made of steel. After being exposed to air and water, however,
this steel corrodes, forcing it to expand, and the surrounding
concrete to crack. The cracking, known as spalling, undermines the
strength of the building
What are the signs?
Most structural enginers will be able to spot concrete cancer before
you can. However, they’re not always on hand, so it pays to know
the tell-tale signs that it may be time to get in the experts.
• 1. Cracking or crumbling concrete
• 2. Rust stains that seem to come out from the concrete
• 3. The concrete render starts to bubble
• 4. Roof leaks or any that appear in internal walls

35. Six Common cause of concrete cancer
include
• Poor waterproofing
• Salt-water chlorides for buildings near the sea
• Building defects
• Weather
• Poor quality concrete and insufficient concrete cover
• Movement of the earth under the build leading to cracks
Inspect your roof regularly
• The roof must be regularly inspected
• Experts recommend that a commercial roof be inspected at least
twice a year.
• When inspecting, drainage and any roof elements that may enter
the building should be inspected.
• If there are any water stains, they should be thoroughly examined
as cracks.

36. Thank You