Introduction to Plastering, Pointing and Painting. Objective, various types, ideal characteristics, defects are briefly covered and presented.

1. PLASTERING, POINTING
&
PAINTING
-Mohammad Aquib
B.E. (Civil Engineering)
R.T.M. Nagpur University, Nagpur
Diploma in Civil Engineering
M.S.B.T.E., Mumbai

2. PLASTERING:
“Process of covering rough surfaces of walls, columns, ceilings and other building
components with thin coat of plastic mortars to form a smooth durable surface.”

3. OBJECTIVES OF PLASTERING
1. To provide an even, smooth, regular, clean and durable finished surface.
2. To preserve and protect the surfaces from atmospheric influences
4. To cover the defective workmanship, porous materials and the joints formed in the
masonry works.
5. To provide a satisfactory base by applying white washing, painting, distempering.
6. In internal plastering, the basic objective is to protect from dust.

4. 1. Surface Preparation
• All masonry joints should be cleaned.
• All unevenness should be removed.
• Mortar drop and dust is removed with wire brushes.
• The surface is washed and kept wet.
• Application of Cement Slurry.
3. Application of Mortar
4. Finishing
5. Curing
PROCEDURE OF PLASTERING

5. DEFECTS IN PLASTER
1. Blistering of plastered surface
 Formation of small patches of plaster swelling out beyond plaster surface
 Cause due to late slaking of lime particles in plaster
2. Cracking
 Formation of cracks or fissures in plaster
 Caused due to- imperfect preparation of background structural defects in building
3. Efflorescence
 Presence of whitish crystalline substance on the surface
 Caused due to presence of salts in plaster-making substance and building materials

6. 4. Flaking
 Formation of very loose mass of plastered surface
 Caused due to poor bond between successive coats
5. Peeling
 Complete dislocation of some portion of plastered surface, resulting
information of patch
6. Rust stains
 Formed when plaster is applied on metal laths
7. Uneven surface
 Happen due to poor workmanship
Continue…..

7. POINTING
“Basically, finishing of mortar joints in masonry.”

8. PROCEDURE OF POINTING
“Pointing consists of raking the joints to a depth of 10-20 mm and filling it with better
quality mortar in desired shape.”
Image courtesy
Handyman

9. TYPES OF POINTING
1. Flash pointing
Formed by pressing mortar in raked joint and by
finishing off flush with edge of masonry units.
Edges are neatly trimmed with trowel and straight
edge & extensively used.
2. Recessed pointing
Pointing is done by pressing mortar back from
edges by 5mm or more.
Face of pointing kept vertical.
3. Rubbed, keyed or grooved pointing
Modification of flush pointing
Groove at its mid height
Gives better appearance
Flash Pointing
Grooved Pointing
Recessed Pointing

10. Continue….
4. Beaded pointing
Formed by steel or ironed with a concave edge
Gives good appearance
Liable to damage easily
5. Struck pointing
Modification of flush pointing
Face of pointing is inclined, upper edge pressed inside
the face by 10 mm.
Drains water quickly
6. Tuck pointing
Formed by pressing mortar in racked Joint, finishing flush
with face.
Groove or narrow channel (5 mm width, 3 mm depth) is
cut in the centre while pressed mortar is green

11. Continue….
7. V- Pointing
 Forming V-groove in flush-finishing face
8. Weathered pointing
 Forming V-shaped projection

12. PAINTS
“The paints are coating of fluid material and they are applied over the surface
of timber and metals.”
Paint is a liquid composition after application it is convert in to a solid film.
COMPOSITION OF PAINT
1. Pigment - To provide colour, hiding and control gloss.
2. Resin – The binder to hold the pigment particles together and provide adhesion to the surface
painted.
3. Solvent – To act as a carrier for the pigments and resin –the solvent may be organic Or
Inorganic (such as Mineral, Chemicals or water).
4. Additives – To enhance certain properties such as ease of brushing, Mould resistance, scuff
resistance, drying and sag resistance.

13. CHARACTERISTICS OF AN IDEAL PAINT:
1. Form a thin film of uniform nature
2. Withstand the adverse environmental conditions
3. Easy application on surface
4. Attractive and pleasuring appearance.
5. No visible cracks after drying
6. Elastic in nature (must be able to withstand change in temperature).
7. Resistance to corrosion
8. Good spreading or covering power
9. No visible marks of roller or brush (in the form of bubbles or stripes).
10. No visible joints

14. TYPES OF PAINTS
Paints are categorized in to seven groups:
1. Oil paints
2. Synthetic paints
3. Emulsion paints
4. Cellulose paints
5. Varnishes
6. Water paints (distemper)
7. Special paints

15. PAINTING DEFECTS
1. BLEEDING:
 Its an disruption and staining of the painted surface by
chemical action.
 It happens when an incorrect paint is applied over
another such as bituminous one.
 The remedy is to remove the old paint and renew with a
like one.
2. BLISTERING:
 It is a common failure caused by poor adhesion or by
moisture pushing off the paint.
 It is prevented by having a dry background , proper
priming and removal of very resinous knots.

16. PAINTING DEFECTS (Continue…)
3. BLOOMING:
 It is the mistiness which can appear on varnished or highly
glossed surfaces.
 Due to the presence of moisture, draughts or frost during
application or condensation on newly painted areas.
 Remedy is to repaint.
4. BRUSH MARKS:
 These may be due to the paint being too stiff, by poor
workmanship or by brushing over paint which has partially set.
 They are removed by rubbing down with waterproof abrasive
followed by repainting.

17. PAINTING DEFECTS (Continue…)
5. CHALKING:
 It is the powdering of a paint film usually on exposed outside
surfaces.
 It is a sign that repainting is necessary and may be due to poor
quality paint.
6. CISSING
7. FLAKING
 Failure of paint to adhere properly to a surface.
 The detachment of paint film (the breaking of coating)

18. Thank
you!!!