This document discusses various methods and materials for waterproofing buildings. It describes common waterproofing materials like polyurethane liquid membranes, cementitious coatings, EPDM rubber, bituminous membranes, PVC, and thermoplastics. It also outlines methods for waterproofing basements, roofs, floors, toilets, and bathrooms. These include interior/exterior drainage systems and vapor barriers. Sheet and liquid-applied membrane waterproofing options are presented along with their advantages.

1. WATER
PROOFING
IN
BUILDINGS
• Lama Jassim
• 3010
• Building Construction 2
• ARD 2222

2. WHAT IS MEANT BY WATERPROOFING?
Waterproofing is the process of making an object or structure waterproof or water-
resistant so that it remains relatively unaffected by water or resisting the ingress of water
under specified conditions.
Why is it important for buildings?
• Waterproofing system provides protection to the structure from water ingress.
• No waterproofing can lead to the development of cracks, paint peel off and even molds
and air contaminants.
• It is also a great risk for the structure and foundation of the building, damaging
reinforced steel.
• It can also create health problems for the inhabitants.

3. WATER PROOFING MATERIALS
Common types of waterproofing materials:
1) Polyurethane Liquid Membrane
 Can be applied without any difficulty.
 Strengthen applied surface.
 Ability to endure high pressure and flexible
properties.
 Capacity to withstand low and high
temperature.
 Ability to resist damage caused by moisture
and water.
 Capacity to prevent mold and rust.

4. 2) CEMENTITIOUS
COATING
 - Easy to mix and apply.
- Salt-resistant.
- Excellent compressive strength.
- Highly resistant to accelerated
weathering.
- Breathable, allowing transmission
of negative water vapor.

5. 3) EPDM RUBBER
(ETHYLENE PROPYLENE DIENE MONOMER)
EPDM sheeting has excellent water resistance,
both fresh and salt.
Very good with ozone, UV and oxidation.
The temperature and weathering properties of
EPDM make EPDM ideal for use in water and it is
often the material of choice for potable water
applications.
 It is widely used as a lower cost polymer, with
good processing abilities.

6. 4) BITUMINOUS MEMBRANE
Exceptional performance in terms of strength,
reliability and service life.
 -Resistance to the most extreme weather
conditions such as high and low temperatures (rain,
snow, ice).
 -Life expectancy is remarkable, even after ageing it
retains its pliability and elasticity.
 -Dimensional stability is provided by the high-
quality bitumen blend together with a high-
performance reinforcement.
 - Installation is simple and can be achieved through
a variety of methods; torch-applied, mechanically
fixed or adhered.
 -Excellent Adhesion to the substrate on a flat roof
installation (demonstrated by peel testing).

7. 5) PVC
WATERPROOFING
MEMBRANE
 Strength.
 Elasticity and tightness.
 Atmosphere and chemical
resistance.
 Vapor permeability at 100% water
resistance.
 Resistance to wind loads and
changes in temperature.
 Resistance to the movements of
structural elements of buildings.
 Resistance to oxidation and UV
rays.
 High durability.
 Fire resistant.
 Diversity of colors.

8. 6) THERMOPLASTIC
 More Resistant against high
temperature.
 Hard and rigid (outstanding strength).
 High mechanical property.
 Cost-effective.
 Excellent dimensional stability.
 Choice of color and excellent surface finishes.
 High strength-to-weight ratio and performance.
 Low thermal conductivity and microwave
transparency.
 Resistance to corrosion effects and water.

9. BASEMENT WATERPROOFING
METHODS
• Interior : To keep water out of your
basement from the inside. This can
include sealants and coatings, as well
as methods to prevent condensation.
• Exterior : Take place on the outside of
your building, these methods block
water from making its way inside. This
can include exterior drainage systems
and coating the exterior walls with a
waterproof barrier.
• Drainage & tanking : Include repairing
a poorly functioning drainage system
or adding a drainage system if there
isn’t one in place.
(A truly effective waterproofing system
will utilize all 3 methods)

10. ROOF
WATERPROOFING
METHODS
 Polymeric Membranes
 Coating Waterproofing
• Bitumen-polymer mastics
• Polymer mastics
• Bitumen-rubber mastic
• Cementitious
 Paint Waterproofing
 Roof Waterproofing Foil

11. GROUND FLOOR
WATERPROOFING
Damp-proof course (DPC) and the
membrane are in place to prevent
water from rising from underneath
your building seeping up through the
concrete and weakening the
foundations.

12. TOILET
WATERPROOFING
1 Primer (cement or lime-cement bases)
2 Waterproofing: 1st layer:
Example: Hidrozol Elastik
3 Waterproofing:
Sealing strip or sheet
4 Waterproofing 2nd layer:
reinforcement mesh (floor surfaces)
5 Waterproofing: 3rd layer:
Example: Hidrozol Elastik
6 Ceramic tiling:
Example: Akrinol Elastik
7 Grouting

13. BATHROOM WATERPROOFING
The most popular kind used in bathrooms
today is a liquid membrane, which has the
advantage of being highly flexible and
relatively easy to install.
A classification system for membranes, based
on their ability to stretch before breaking. The
classifications are:
• Class 1 – stretches to a length 65% more
than its original length. Example: fibre-glass,
metal and water-based epoxies.
• Class 2 – stretches between 65% and 200%
more than its original length. Examples:
acrylic membranes and bitumen-based
membranes.
• Class 3 – stretches over 200% more than its
original length. Example: water-based
polyurethane, solvent based polyurethane,
sheet rubber, and PVC sheet membranes.

14. WATERPROOFING
MEMBRANES
Generally there are two types of
waterproofing membranes:
1) Sheet based waterproofing membranes
• These are membranes that arrive at the
site in the form of rolls. These are then
unfurled and laid on a firm surface.
• The most common type of sheet based
membrane is a bituminous
waterproofing membrane. This type of
membrane is stuck to the substrate with
a hot tar base adhesive using
blowtorches. It must be done perfectly
to avoid leakage.
• Other types of sheet based membranes
are PVC membranes and composite
membranes. The latter have a fabric
base that provides strength and tear
resistance.

15. WATERPROOFING
MEMBRANES
2) Liquid applied waterproofing
membranes
• Liquid applied membranes come to the
site in liquid form, which are then either
sprayed or brush-applied on the
surface.
• The thickness can be controlled by
applying more of the liquid chemical
per unit area.
• These are generally considered to be
superior to sheet based membranes as
they are joint-free. However care must
be taken in application to provide just
the right thickness.
• The membrane can tear or break if it is
too thin. The adhesion of the
membrane to concrete must be good.

16. WALL SECTION OF WATERPROOFING

17. REFRENCES
 https://www.fairmate.com/blog/tag/importance-of-waterproofing/
 https://houseunderconstruction.com/waterproofing/pvc-
waterproofing-membrane
 https://www.martins-rubber.co.uk/blog/the-pros-and-cons-of-epdm-
sheeting/
 http://www.abuildersengineer.com/2013/06/cementitious-coatings-
properties-and.html
 https://www.soprema.co.uk/en/article/sopravoice/what-are-the-
benefits-of-sbs-modified-bitumen-waterproofing-systems
 https://wtrproof.com/types-of-waterproofing-materials/

18. MORE REFRENCES
 https://www.thomasnet.com/articles/plastics-rubber/thermoset-vs-
thermoplastics/
 https://www.triadbasementwaterproofing.com/blog/2017/01/understand
ing-the-top-3-basement-waterproofing-methods/
 https://www.kleinroof.com/Long-Island-Roofing/roof-waterproofing-
methods-for-repairs-and-renovations.php
 https://www.jub.eu/waterproofing-and-ceramic-tiling/system-
solutions/waterproofing-bathrooms-and-toilets
 https://theconstructor.org/building/waterproofing-of-toilets-
methods/13396/
 http://www.understandconstruction.com/waterproofing-membranes.html