This document discusses verbs and their different forms and functions. It begins by defining what a verb is and provides examples of action verbs, linking verbs, and helping verbs. It then explains how verbs are used to indicate tense, including the present, past, future, progressive, and perfect tenses. Examples are given for regular and irregular verb conjugations. The document serves to teach students about the key components and usages of verbs in the English language.

1. VERBS
Mrs. Benich
Ms. Colarich
Mrs. Delboccio
Mrs. McDougal

2. What is a verb?
Verbs are words that show
an action:
 Mr. Fromwiller hopped, skipped, and ran
down the street.
a state of being:
 His name is Austin. He has 3 brothers.
An occurrence/happening:
 Snow glistened on the tree tops.
 The blackout occurred after midnight.

3. Verbs
 You CAN NOT have a complete sentence
without a verb.
 Every sentence must have subject and a
predicate (or verb):
 Example:
 Willran.
 Subject- Will
 Predicate (verb) - Ran
 She ate.
 Subject-
 Predicate (verb)-
 Sarah drove.
 Subject-
 Predicate (verb)-

4. Action Verbs
 An action verb names an action OR something
that is happening in the sentence. It may contain
more that one word.
 Example:
 Mrs. Miller has visited South Africa.
 An action verb is often followed by a noun that
receives the action of the verb. This noun is call
the direct object.
 What is the direct object in the sentence
above? ______________________

5. The words below are action
verbs:
ate
cough
asleep sang
ride ran
Insert the word “to” in front of the verb
to test if it is an action. If it shows action
using “to” then it is an action verb.

6. ActionVerbs
 Circle
the action verbs in the following
paragraph:
 Sports experts write about the football
player Jim Thorpe even today. Thorpe
blocked like a tank. He tackled like a
tornado. In every game Thorpe attacked
his opponents with all his might. He caught
the ball skillfully and charged ahead
fearlessly. Experts still remember and honor
Thorpe’s greatness.

7. Action Verbs
 How did we do? Check your work.
 Sports experts write about the football
player Jim Thorpe even today. Thorpe
blocked like a tank. He tackled like a
tornado. In every game Thorpe attacked
his opponents with all his might. He caught
the ball skillfully and charged ahead
fearlessly. Experts still remember and honor
Thorpe’s greatness.

8. Transitive Verbs
 Not all action verbs take direct objects.
 Transitive verbs have direct objects.
 Direct objects receive the action of a verb. It answers
the question whom? or what? after an action verb.
Action Verb Direct Object
what?
The cross country team runs the race.

9. Intransitive Verbs
 If an action verb does not have a direct
object then the verb is intransitive.
Action Verb
Mr. Burns sings well.
In the above sentence , well does not answer
the question whom? or what?. Therefore the
verb is intransitive.

10. Intransitive or transitive?
Which sentence uses the action verb read
as intransitive? Which sentence uses read
as transitive?
Mrs. O’Toole read a book about science.
Mrs. O’Toole read in a great hurry.

11. Intransitive or Transitive?
Mrs. O’Toole read a book about science.
 TRANSITIVE
 Read what  a book
Mrs. O’Toole read in a great hurry.
 Intransitive
 Does not answer what? Or whom?
 No Direct object.

12. DAY 1 Activity
 Usingnewspaper articles from The
Chagrin Valley Times, look for sentence
examples that contain an action verb
and a direct object. Highlight the action
verb and underline the direct object. Cut
out the sentence and glue to
construction paper. Find 5 sentences in
class and complete 5 for homework.

13. Indirect Objects
Adirect object answers the question
whom? Or what?
 An indirect object is a noun or pronoun
that answers the question to whom? Or
for whom? the action was done.

14. subj. action verb direct obj.
Mrs. Cingcade brought donuts.
subj. action verb indirect obj direct obj.
Mrs. Miller brought me donuts.

15. Indirect Objects
 Indirect Objects appear only in sentences
that have a direct object.
CLUES to help you find indirect objects
 The indirect object always comes before the
direct object
 If you add the word for or to in front of the
indirect object, the sentence still makes sense.
 Example:
 Sarah brought her friends cupcakes.
 Sarah brought cupcakes for her friends.

16. subject action verb indirect object direct object
Mrs. Horn showed the class her new glasses.
Mrs. Horn showed her new glasses to whom?
Mr. Miller gave Mr. Malloy a pizza.
Mr. Miller gave a pizza to whom?

17. It’s important to remember:
 Youcan never have an indirect object
without a direct object
BUT……
 YouCAN have a direct object without
and indirect object

18. Activity Day 2
We will complete page 10
together. Homework will be
worksheet page 11.

19. Linking Verbs and Predicate Words
A linking verb connects or links the
subject of a sentence with a noun or
adjective in the predicate.
 Mr. Okeafer is a teacher.
LINKING VERB
IS connects Mr. Okeafer (subject) to
teacher(noun in the predicate).

20. Linking Verbs
Examples:
 Mr. Fender became the assistant
principal.
 Became connects the subject Mr. Fender
to what?
 Predicate Noun: Assistant Principal
 Elijah is eleven years old.
 Is connects the subject Elijah to what?
 Predicate adjective: Eleven

21. Linking Verbs
 The most common linking verb is the verb to be.
 Other common linking verbs are forms of:
 to become
 to seem
 to appear
 to look
 to feel
 to sound
 to taste
 to smell
 to grow

22. Linking Verbs
 BE CAREFUL!!!
 Some linking verbs can also be used as action verbs.
 EXAMPLES:
 Mrs. Cingcade grows tired.  LINKING VERB
 Grows in this sentence shows a state of being
 Mrs. Cingcade grows tomatoes.  ACTION VERB
 Grows in the second example shows an action or something
happening  to grow.

23. Linking Verbs and Predicate Words
A predicate noun is a noun (person,
place, or thing) that follows a linking verb
and tells what the subject is.
A predicate adjective is an adjective
(describing word) that follows a linking
verb and tells what the subject is like.

24. Predicate Nouns & Adjectives
 Predicate Noun:
 United States is a country.
 Predicate Adjective:
 United States is scenic.

25. Linking Verb Song
(To the Tune of London Bridges Falling
Down)
Am, are, is, was, were (and) be
Forms of be
Forms of be
Taste, smell, sound, seem, look, feel, say
Become, grow, appear, remain

26. Day 3 Activity
 Linking verbs

27. Present, Past, and Future
Tenses
A verb changes its form to show tense
and to agree with its subject.
 Thetense of a verb tells when the action
takes place.

28. Present Tense
 Thepresent tense of a verb names an
action that happens regulary or is
happening at this moment.
usually form the present tense by
 You
adding –s to the base form.
 Some may end in –es or –ies
sleeps cries
splashes

29. Present Tense Forms
Singular Plural.
I visit. We visit.
You visit. You visit.
He, she, or it visits. They visit.

30. Past and Future Tense
 Thepast tense of a verb names an action
that already happened.
 Form the past tense of most verbs by
adding –ed to the base form of the verb.
 Some may end in –d or -ied
 EXAMPLE:
 The people in the town constructed the
schools.
clapped played tried

31. Past and Future Tense
 Thefuture tense of a verb names an
action that will take place in the future.
 Form the future tense by adding the
helping verb will or shall to the base form of
the verb.
 EXAMPLE:
 Many 8th graders will go to Washington, D.C.
this year.

32. Activity Day 4
 Watch Video to review
 Do Activity

33. Main Verbs and Helping
Verbs
 Verbs have four principal parts. The chart
below shows the principal parts of the
verb learn
Base Form Present Past Form Past
Participle Participle
Learn Learning Learned Learned
 Theprincipal parts of a verb can be
combined with helping verbs to form verb
phrases.

34. Main Verbs and Helping
Verbs
A helping verb is a verb that helps the main
verb tell about an action or make a statement.
 It helps tell when the action is taking place
 You will only have a helping verb when there is
an action verb in the sentence that it is paired
with in a phrase.
A verb phrase consists of one or more helping
verbs followed by the main verb (action verb)

35. Main Verbs and Helping
Verbs
 The most common helping verbs are be and have. The
helping verb be makes a verb phrase with the present
participle of a main verb.
Be and the Present Participle
Present Past
Singular Plural Singular Plural
I am learning. We are learning. I was learning, We were learning.
You are learning. You are learning. You were learning. You were learning.
She is learning. They are learning He was learning. They were learning.

36. Main Verbs and Helping
Verbs
 The helping verb have makes a verb phrase with the
past participle of the main verb.
Have and the Past Participle
Present Past
Singular Plural Singular Plural
I have learned. We have learned. We have learned. We had learned.
You have learned. You have learned. You had learned. You had learned.
She has learned. They have learned. He had learned. They had learned

37. Main Verbs and Helping
Verbs
 Day 5 Activity

38. Present and Past Progressive
Forms
 Thepresent tense of a verb names an
action that occurs regularly. To describe
an action that is continuing, use the
present progressive form of the verb.
 The present progressive form of a verb
tells about an action that is continuing
right now.
Example:
The students are listening to a story.

39. Present and Past Progressive
Forms
 The present progressive form of a verb
consists of the present participle of the
main verb and the helping verb am, are,
or is.
Present Progressive Form
Singular Plural
I am singing. We are singing.
You are singing. You are singing.
He, she, or it is singing. They are singing.

40. Present and Past Progressive
Forms
 The past tense describes an action that was
started and completed in the past. To
describe an action going on some time in the
past, use the past progressive form.
 The past progressive form of a verb names an
action that continued for some time in the
past.
Example:
The girls were singing a Justin Bieber song.

41. Present and Past Progressive
Forms
 The past progressive form of a verb
consists of the present participle and the
helping verb was or were.
Past Progressive Form
Singular Plural
I was singing. We were singing.
You were singing. You were singing.
He, she, or it was singing. They were singing.

42. Present and Past Progressive
Forms
 Day 6 activity

43. Perfect Tenses
 Thepresent perfect tense of a verb tells about
something that happened at an indefinite time in
the past.
 It also tells about an action that happened in the
past and is still happening now.
Example:
Matt has collected baseball cards for years.
*In this sentence, Matt began collecting baseball
cards sometime in the past and still collects it.

44. Perfect Tenses
 The present perfect tense of a verb
consists of the helping verb have or has
followed by the past participle of the
main verb.
Present Perfect Form
Singular Plural
I have collected. We have collected.
You have collected. You have collected.
He, she, or it has collected. They have collected.

45. Perfect Tenses
 Thepast perfect tense of a verb names an action
that happened before another action or event in
the past.
Example:
Before her last birthday, Samantha had collected only
movies.
*In this sentence, Samantha started and finished
collecting movies before another event that also
occurred in the past, her last birthday.*

46. Perfect Tenses
 The past perfect tense of a verb consists of
the helping verb had and the past
participle of the main verb.
Past Perfect Form
Singular Plural
I had started. We had started.
You had started. You had started.
He, she, or it had started. They had started.

47. Perfect Tenses
 Day 7 Activity

48. Irregular Verbs
 Irregular
verbs do not form their past and
past participle by adding the ending –ed.
 Theirregular verbs are grouped
according to how their past and past
participle are formed.
 See next slide

49. Irregular Verbs
Pattern Base Form Past Form Past Participle
One vowel begin, drink, began, drank, begun, drunk,
changes to ring, shrink, rang, shrank or rung, shrunk,
form the past sing, spring, shrunk, sang, sung, sprung,
and past and swim sprang or sprung, swum
the participle swam
The past form bring, buy brought, bought brought, bought
and the past catch, feel caught, felt caught, felt
participle are get, keep, got, kept got/gotten, kept
the same. lay, lead, laid, led laid, led
leave, lend left, lent left, lent
lose, make lost, made, lost, made
pay, say paid, said paid, said
seek, sell sought, sold sought, sold
sit, sleep sat, slept sat, slept
swing, teach swung, taught swung, taught
think, win thought, won thought, won

50. Irregular Verbs
 Day 8 activity

51. More Irregular Verbs
Pattern Base Form Past Form Past Participle
The base form become became become
and the past come came come
participle are run ran run
the same
The past form blow blew blown
ends in –ew draw drew drawn
and the past fly flew flown
participle ends grow grew grown
in -wn know knew known
throw threw thrown
The past bite, break bit, broke bitten/bit, broken
participle ends choose, drive chose, drove chosen, driven
in -en eat, fall ate, fell eaten, fallen
give, ride gave, rode given, ridden
rise, see rose, saw risen, seen
speak, steal spoke, stole spoken, stolen
take, write took, wrote taken, written

52. More Irregular Verbs cont.
Pattern Base Form Past Form Past Participle
The past form be (am, are, is) was, were been
and the past do did done
participle do go went gone
not follow any tear tore torn
pattern wear wore worn
The base burst burst burst
form, past cut cut cut
form, and let let let
past put put put
participle are
all the same

53. More Irregular Verbs
 Day 9 activity