The document describes a Vehicle Crash Alert System (VCAS) created by Anurag Garg, Sanjay Singh, and Shadhab Fazvi. VCAS is a small box containing an accelerometer sensor that can detect if a vehicle has crashed or tilted. If so, it transmits coordinates using short-range radio signals to alert emergency responders. The system is low-cost, reliable, and aims to reduce road accident deaths in India by facilitating faster medical response times. A prototype was created using an AVR microcontroller and acceleration sensor to demonstrate transmitting different radio signals based on crash positioning.

1. V.C.A.S.
(Vehicle Crash Alert System)
Created and presented by:-
Anurag garg
Sanjay singh
Shadhab fazvi

2. NEED
• India has the highest number of road
accidents in the world
• Road accidents have earned India a dubious
distinction. With over 130,000 deaths
annually, the country has overtaken China and
now has the worst road traffic accident rate
worldwide.
• Most of the people lost there lives due to no
medical facility at correct time.

3. • Most of the system of present time works on either on
GPS or mobile phones. But in country like INDIA the
people are less aware of technologies like GPS and
other apps. Also in case of accidents those things are
most vulnerable to damage. So this new technology
will surely be more fail safe than any other. Also this
technology comprises of fewer parts which are cost
effective and works on low power which further reduce
the power consumption.
• Probably much more fail safe then currently used after
accidents technologies .

4. • Basically the whole system is comprises of an small box
(dimension 75 mm x 75 mm) which can conveniently
kept in car. When car crashes and get in tilted or
disoriented position a sensor automatically senses it `s
co-ordinates and transmit it over a short distance radio
signals (443 kHz). As soon as a PCR or an AMBULANCE
receives the signal it can reach the destination so that
the injured ones can be cured swiftly.
• WHEN EVER THE VEHICLE LEAVES IT`S NORMAL
POSITION. AN ACCELEROMETER WILL DETECT IT AND
WILL GENERATES AN SHORT DISTANCE RADIO
FREQUENCY.

5. • To provide better aspects of my project I have also created a prototype of this technology
using:-
An AVR MICROCONTROLLER BOARD
ACCELERATION SENSOR (MMA7660 I.C.)
And using some more simple devices .

6. • The acceleration sensor is connected to the AVR
ATMEGA 8 microcontroller board ( i.e. at
ADC0(40) ,ADC1(39), which can sense the
coordinates of the place where it is placed .
According the program which I had created and
burned in microcontroller when the coordinates
of acceleration sensor changes from its normal
position then it will generate a radio signal which
will be generated which will be different for
different positions( i.e. different for front ,back
,left right) .

7. • As soon as the coordinates changes we will
get a radio signal which will signify that the
vehicle had been tilted and also will signify the
position at which it had tilted.
• For a better explanation I had placed whole
circuit in a toy car and also I had created an
signal receiver on an I/O CARD.

8. DIFFERENT LED WILL GLOW FOR DIFFERENT COORDINATES AT
WHICH CAR IS BEING TILTED.

9. Accelerometer
sensor
Micro-controller
MSP-430
smoke detector IC
LM35CAZ(thermal
chip)
LM-339Glass
breakage sensor)
GPS(Global
positioning
satellite)
CC4000GPSEM
GPRS(general
packet radio
service)

10. RF RECEIVER
12 D
DECODER
I/O CARD OR
16X2 L.C.D.
DISPLAY

11. According to me feasibility of any engineering project is
the most important aspect. There are many parameters
which should be kept in mind while judging it`s
feasibility . Few of them are given below:-
1. Cost
2. Use in day to day life
3. Effectiveness
4. Why it is better than present technologies?
5. Performance with common people.
6. Maintenance
7. Future scope

12. • As we know in countries like INDIA where most of the
people are live a middle class life .Therefore it is most
important that our work/project should cost with the
reach of their pockets.
• As I have mention earlier that our project is consist of
cheap as well as reliable parts. In the mass production
of V.C.A.S. we can cut down it`s cost will only remain
up to several hundreds of rupees.
• The most important fact is that the cost will only be
one time payment which is better than GPS or any
other mobile service which will require mobile top up`s
or internet recharge.

13. • In years 2009 there were 18 cars per 1000
people in INDIA. It may look less but due the
great contribution of our large(over)
population it makes it 4.8 Million and recently
we have overtook china in the number of road
accidents.
• Therefore it is necessary to equip our vehicles
with such technology which can alert
authorities in accident scenario.

14. • The biggest question which one can ask is
“will it change anything” or “will it change the
current scenario” according to me answer is
yes. This system is meant for saving those
crucial hours which are wasted by highway
patrol unit or any other road safety agency in
which they should locate the accident and
take required measure.

15. • Another question which one can ask is “how it
is better than present technologies “. For that
we will give a look to present after accident
technologies.
1. BMW’s driver assistance technology
2. AIR BAG SYSTEM
3. Road Safety and Accident Prevention

16. BMW’s driver assistance technology
(may prevent car accidents)
Merits
• A video camera installed at the bottom of the
car recognizes left turn arrows and lane
borders that indicate if the vehicle is in the
left turn lane.
• A GPS that can pinpoint the location of a
vehicle up to one meter is also used to
determine if the vehicle is in a left turn lane.
• Once the detection system confirms that the
driver is about to turn left, it activates a laser
system that scans up to 100 meters ahead for
oncoming traffic.
• The left turn assistant feature is designed to
only goes into effect when the vehicle is
moving at speeds of up to 6 mph so that
accidental braking doesn’t occur when the
vehicle isn’t making a left turn.
demerits
• I know an old saying which
says “prevention is better than
cure” but what if the accident
take place?
• Too expensive
• In case of crash devices like
GPS and camera are most
vulnerable to damage.
• May be implement in next
decade or more.
• Only works in speed of 6
mph(9.65606 km/h)

17. AIR BAG SYSTEM
MERITS
• An airbag is a vehicle safety device. It is an
occupant restraint system consisting of a
flexible fabric envelope or cushion designed
to inflate rapidly during an
automobile collision.
• Its purpose is to cushion occupants during a
crash and provide protection to their bodies
when they strike interior objects such as the
steering wheel or a window.
• Modern vehicles may contain multiple
airbag modules in various side and frontal
locations of the passenger seating positions,
and sensors may deploy one or more airbags
in an impact zone at variable rates based on
the type, angle and severity of impact; the
airbag is designed to only inflate in moderate
to severe frontal crashes.
DEMERITS
• Under some conditions,
airbags can injure and in some
instances kill vehicle
occupants.
• Serious injuries are less
common, but severe or fatal
injuries can occur to vehicle
occupants very near an airbag
or in direct contact when it
deploys
• It only reduce the intensity of
force/shock .

18. Road Safety and Accident Prevention
Merits
• An efficient and safe transport infrastructure
is vital to the population as well as the
economy. The analysis and simulation tools
developed by the Business Unit are capable
of combining data on road condition and
route mapping parameters with accident
data and producing a reliable risk assessment
for existing and planned roads.
• The high-resolution measuring and video
data collected by the Transportation
Infrastructure Technologies Business Unit
allow for transport safety analyses of
hitherto unparalleled accuracy and quality.
Using the measuring data, roads can be
modelled virtually and realistically, allowing
entire road networks to be examined for
potential danger spots using intelligent
search algorithms or the complex
relationships between road and vehicle to be
simulated.
Demerits
• This method only tell us to
re design our roads , which
is practically impossible in
country like INDIA.
• It does not guarantees any
fall in road accidents.

19. • It works on real time.
• More reliable
• Economic
• User friendly
• No maintenance required
• Only one time investment.

20. • As I have stated above V.C.A.S. have an user
friendly interfacing. It simply generates the
signals in case of accident or crash . There is
no need to press any kind of switch or telling
user how to use it. It`s just an box which is
kept inside car and will be activated when the
collision will occur.

21. There are less maintenance issues with V.C.A.S.
with respect to other technologies . It can run
on two 9v batteries (which will be replaced by
car`s battery in real world) and communicates
on radio signals (much more cheap than
internet or GPRS) and does not require any
computer or any other expensive parts.

22. V.C.A.S consist of an accelerometer which is
one of it`s fundamental parts. Besides
detecting it`s coordinates it can also detects
acceleration , deceleration velocity of vehicle .
So by upgrading it`s programming and
hardware we can upgrade it into such a device
which can also scan vehicle for over speeding
and in this condition also it can inform police
and other authorities.

24. Micro-Controller
Alert
Destination
Dialer
GPS
Accelerometer
sensor
Thermal sensor
TMP-006
Glass breakage
sensor(LM 339)
Smoke detector
sensor
GPRS

25. Micro-Controller
Alarm
Dialer
GPS
Accelerometer
sensor
Thermal sensor
TMP-006
Glass breakage
sensor(LM 339)
Smoke detector
sensor
GPRS

26. Micro-Controller
Alert
Destination
Dialer
GPS
Accelerometer
sensor
Thermal sensor
Glass breakage
sensor(LM 324)
Smoke detector
sensor
GPRS

27. Micro-Controller
Alert
Destination
Dialer
GPS
Accelerometer
sensor
Thermal sensor
TMP-006
Glass breakage
sensor(LM 324)
Smoke detector
sensor
GPRS

28. Micro-Controller
Alert
Destination
Dialer
GPS
Accelerometer
sensor
Thermal sensor
LM-35CAZ
Glass breakage
sensor(LM 339)
Smoke detector
sensor
GPRS

29. Micro-Controller
Alert
Destination
Dialer
GPS
Accelerometer
sensor
Thermal sensor
LM-35CAZ
Glass breakage
sensor(LM 339)
Smoke detector
sensor
GPRS