This document describes the design of an accident detection and alert system for motorcycles. The system uses an accelerometer, tilt sensor, and impact sensor to detect if an accident has occurred. It then uses GPS technology to determine the location and sends an alert message with the coordinates to emergency services and contacts. The hardware is installed on the motorcycle and includes sensors connected to a microcontroller. The software analyzes the sensor data to identify if an accident occurred and formats an alert message sent via GSM to designated recipients. The prototype was tested on a tricycle and successfully sent alerts when collisions were detected.

1. Design of Accident Detection
and Alert
System for Motor Cycles
Presented By, Guided By,
Althaf A Nishadha S G
S7 CSE Asst.Professor

2. CONTENTS
• Abstract.
• Introduction.
• System Layout.
• System Implementation.
• Hardware Architecture.
• Software Architecture.
• Flowchart.
• Conclusion.
2

3. ABSTRACT
• Detect accident.
• 3 parameters - Acceleration / Deceleration
Tilt of the Vehicle
Pressure change / Impact
• Coordinates of the vehicle – GPS Technology.
3

4. INTRODUCTION
• Millions of vehicles are being produced annually.
• The accident rates are also getting significantly increased .
• Every second waiting for the medical help can cost the victims their life.
• Self automated electronic system will be more reliable.
• Explicitly designed for motorcycles.
• The hardware part is implemented on a motorcycle and the software part in a tablet/mobile phone
etc….
4

5. SYSTEM LAYOUT
• Small embedded unit fitted in the safest position
• Identifies the current location.
• An alert message send to emergency services and relatives .
• Emergency switch .
• Alarm and a flashing light
5
Detecting the
Accident
Finding the
coordinates
Sending the
required info

6. SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION
• Accelerometer and an impact sensor are used here in order
to detect the plausibility of an accident.
• Tilt meter is also used to find the inclination of the motorcycle
• GPS to detect the location of the accident
• Alert message is send through GSM network (using SIM300).
• Modules and other parts of the system are centrally controlled
using a micro controller. 6
Satellite
Two Wheeler
Friends/
Relatives
Nearest medical
Centre
Police Station

7. HardwareArchitecture
• Triple axis accelerometer MMA7341
• Measure deceleration.
• Low power and profile .Also includes a sleep mode.
• Output only in the x-axis which is the running direction is used in this
system .
• Tilt meter.
• Measure Inclination.
• Simple pendulum tilt meter.
• Can be replaced using a mercury tilt meter which will be smaller
than a thumb.
.
7

8. Hardware Architecture Contd..
• Flexible piezo film sensor.
• used for measuring the physical impact.
• 3 grams .
• Has a good sensitivity of 10mV/g.
• Has a frequency range of 1Hz to 20 kHz .
• Can survive a shock up to 1000g (g=9.8m/s2).
8

9. GPS Module
• High gain GTPA006 module that uses NMEA0183 GPS technology.
• Is a standalone GPS Module and requires no external settings or
components.
• An ultra high sensitive and smart antenna GPS module.
• Embedded with GPS (Global Positioning System) antenna.
• Enables high performance navigation in most stringent applications
and solid fix even in harsh GPS visibility environments.
• The two main data that we get from the GPS module are-
• current date and time based on Coordinated Universal Time
(UTC)
• our current position coordinate in terms of latitude and longitude. 9

10. GSM SIM300
• The SIM300 is a all in one GSM/GPRS engine that works on
frequencies EGSM 900 MHz, DCS 1800 MHz and PCS1900
MHz.
• The physical interface to the mobile application is made
through a 60 pins board-to-board connector, which provides
all hardware interfaces between the module and customers’
boards except the RF antenna interface.
• The keypad and SPI LCD interface will give you the
flexibility to develop customized applications.
10

11. Software Architecture and Decision making
Algorithm
• Software solution used is divided into three sub parts
• Detection of accident based on an algorithm.
• Snipping out a specific section from the stream of data output from the GPS module.
• Formatting and sending of alert message consisting of current location and pre-stored
vehicle information.
11

12. Flowchart
12
Motorcycle
Starts
Send Message + Location
Put-On Alarm and FlashlightGPS Input
Piezo Sensor
Impact > 60N
Accelerometer
acceleration
>60g
Emergency
Switch
Tilt > 60o
NO
YES
YES
YES
ON

13. PROTOTYPE DESIGN
• The MMA7431 and Piezo film sensor give analog voltage outputs
corresponding to the deceleration and impact.
• A deceleration above 2.5g is not likely to occur during a normal bike ride.
• An output of 2.8V is obtained from the accelerometer.
• A comparator circuit with a reference voltage of 2.8V is used to detect this.
• A similar method is followed for the impact sensor
• The reference voltage set to 1V.
• Corresponding to a force of 100g.
13

14. • The tilt meter output is a digital signal and is directly interfaced to the micro controller.
• When the accident is confirmed, the controller talks to GPS module through the UART
communication at 9600 baud rate.
• The GSM module also works via the UART at the same baud rate as that of GPS
• The communication is initiated via AT commands.
• GPS and GSM are operated with a single UART channel in the micro controller.
• Power for all the devices is taken from the vehicle battery.
14

15. PROTOTYPETESTING AND DISCUSSION
• The prototype is implemented on a tricycle
• Tested for various scenarios like normal breaking, sudden breaking and collisions.
• Observed that the alert message is send only during collision scenarios as expected.
• The alert message received on the mobile phone is shown
15

16. CHALLENGES FACED
• Deceleration.
• Impact value.
• Safety of the System.
• Positioning of sensor.
16

17. SUGGESTED IMPROVEMENTS
• The deceleration in the remaining directions(y and z axis).
• An intermediate dedicated system server placed between the GSM
device and end clients.
• Send out a voice message along with the text.
• Dedicated network.`
17

18. CONCLUSION
• Proves the feasibility of implementing automatic accident alert system for motorcycles.
• Accident information reached the emergency services within seconds
• Significantly improve the time gap for rescue operation and save the lives of huge number of
victims
• Should be a well structured 'system in place', to support this endeavour.
• Should be a central node which accepts the alert message and take necessary action.
• Coordination between this central node and other services like ambulance, police force, hospitals
and other medical facilities, social forms etc. is also necessary.
• System has a lot of potential to improve the accident rescue operations and with better resources
and innovations
18

19. REFERENCES
• [1].Victor Olugbemiga Matthews and Emmanuel Adetiba;Vehicle Accident Alert and
Locator (VAAL); International Journal of Electrical &
• Computer Sciences IJECS-IJENSVol: 11 No: 02
• [2]. Scott J.Weiner; Feasibility of a 802.11VANET Based CarAccident Alert System;
• Northeastern University
• [3]. RoadAccidents In India 2009 – Government of India, Ministry of road transport and
highways, transport research wing, New Delhi
• [4] K. Shiraram, K.V. Kalligudd, “Development and Demonstration of a GPS/GSM Based
Affordable Fleet Management System for Indian Roadways”[Online],
Available:liu.divaportal.org/smash/get/diva2:22123 /FULLTEXT01.pdf
• [5]Megan Bayly, Brian Fildes, Michael Regan, KristieYoung , “Review of crash effectiveness
of IntelligentTransport Systems” Project No. 027763 –TRACE
• [6]B. Huang and J. Preston, “A Literature Review on Motorcycle Collisions”,Transport
Studies Unit Oxford UniversityApril 2004 19

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21. THANK YOU
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