This presentation is simply based on final year embedded systems based project entitled "ACCIDENT PREVENTION AND SECURITY SYSTEM FOR AUTOMOBILES". This project represents an automobile which has a security system of its own to prevent and detect accidents using GPS Module, GSM module and Alcohol sensor as well.

1. ACCIDENT PREVENTION AND
SECURITY SYSTEM FOR
AUTOMOBILES
1

2. INTRODUCTION
The population of our country has been increasing rapidly which indirectly has
increased the vehicle density and lead to many road accidents.
The main causes of accidents include drunk driving, use of mobile phones,
collision of vehicle with obstacles, over speeding etc.
A lot of accidents are happening now-a-days because of increased vehicle
density, violating rules and carelessness.
The aim of this project is to minimize the road accidents occurring due to drunk
driving which cause the loss of invaluable human life and other valuable goods,
to avoid the theft action by making the car password enabled, detecting
accidents and thus tracking the accidental vehicle to serve emergency medical
services to the victim present inside the vehicle.
2

3. FEATURES
SECURITY SYSTEM
ALCOHOL DETECTOR
ACCIDENT DETECTION
SYSTEM
TRACKING SYSTEM
3

4. WORKING
4

5. BLOCK DIAGRAM OF PROJECT
5

6. COMPONENTS USED
Microcontroller ATmega 328
Accelerometer
LCD display 16*2
GPS Module
GSM modem
Alcohol sensor MQ3
Diode bridge
IC7805 Voltage Regulator
Buzzer
L293D Motor Driver IC
DC Motors
Accessories
6

7. Alcohol sensor MQ-3
A semiconductor sensor for Alcohol detection.
Has very good sensitivity and faster response to alcohol.
Suitable for detecting alcohol concentration in breath, like a
common breathalyzer (portable alcohol detection).
Provides an analog resistive output based on alcohol
concentration.
The drive circuit has one resistor.
The resistance of the sensor reduces when alcohol
concentration increases.
The sensor gives output as per the condition of the breath
through the logic circuit which is sent to the microprocessor.
The MQ-3 sensor has good resistance to disturb of gasoline,
smoke and vapor.
SPECIFICATIONS Power supply needs: 5V
 Interface type: Analog
 Pin Definition: 1-Output , 2-GND and 3-VCC
7

8. GPS MODULE
An ultra high sensitive and smart antenna GPS
module.
Embedded with GPS (Global Positioning System)
antenna
Enables high performance navigation in most
stringent applications and solid fix even in harsh
GPS visibility environments.
The two main data that we get from the GPS
module are current date and time based on Coordinated
Universal Time (UTC)
 our current position coordinate in terms of
latitude and longitude.
8

9. GSM SIM300
The SIM300 is a all in one
GSM/GPRS engine that works on
frequencies EGSM 900 MHz, DCS
1800 MHz and PCS1900 MHz..
The physical interface to the mobile
application is made through a 60
pins
board-to-board
connector,
which
provides
all
hardware
interfaces between the module and
customers’ boards except the RF
antenna interface.
The keypad and SPI LCD interface
will give you the flexibility to develop
customized applications.
9

10. Two serial ports can help you easily develop your applications.
Two audio channels include two microphones inputs and two speaker outputs.
This can be easily configured by AT command.
SIM300 provide RF antenna interface with two alternatives: antenna connector
and antenna pad.
The antenna connector is MURATA MM9329-2700. And customer’s antenna can
be soldered to the antenna pad
10

11. ACCELEROMETER
An accelerometer is a device that measures nongravitational accelerations.
The former provides information on taps and other
handset motions allowing the development of
'gesture' user interfaces while the latter provides
information on the accelerometer orientation.
Accelerometers are used in tablet computers and
digital cameras so that images on screens are
always displayed upright. Also used in aero planes.
Using this we can measure tilt.
11

12. 5V Buzzer
This buzzer is an electromagnetic type audio
signaling device.
Consists of a number of switches or sensors
connected to a control unit
It has a coil inside which oscillates a metal plate
against another, which when given voltage
difference produces sound of a predefined
frequency as a warning in the form of continuous or
intermittent buzzing or beeping sound.
Compact, pin terminal type electromagnetic buzzer
with 2048 Hz output.
12
5V

13. MICROCONTROLLER:
ATMEGA 328
FEATURES
8-bit AVR RISC-based microcontroller
32KB ISP flash memory
1024B EEPROM
2KB SRAM
23 general purpose I/O lines
32 general purpose working registers,
three flexible timer/counters with compare modes
internal and external interrupts
serial programmable USART
SPI serial port
a 6-channel 10-bit A/D converter
programmable watchdog timer with internal oscillator
five software selectable power saving modes
The device operates between 1.8-5.5 volts
13

14. IC 7805
Voltage regulator integrated circuit.
member of 78xx series.
maintains the output voltage at a constant
value of +5V regulated power supply.
First pin is for input, second for ground
and third for output.
14

15. BRIDGE RECTIFIER
The Bridge rectifier is a circuit, which converts an
ac voltage to dc voltage using both half cycles of
the input ac voltage.
The circuit has four diodes connected to form a
bridge.
For the positive half cycle
D1 and D4 conduct
D2 and D3 remain in the OFF state.
For the negative half
D2 and D3 conduct
D1 and D4 remain OFF.
Thus a bi-directional wave is converted into a
unidirectional wave.
15

16. ACCESSORIES
The adapters are the device that has inbuilt
circuitry for converting the 230V AC in to desired
DC like +5V adapter, +12V adapter, +9V adapter
and many more.
Basically IC is sensitive to short circuit or voltage
so in place of that we first install the bases of the
IC with same number of pins and before placing
the IC’s we check all voltage points of the IC then
mount the IC once proper configuration is assured.
Power Jack is basically a connector to connect the
adapter output to the board directly.
16

17. In electrical engineering, a switch is an electrical
component that can break an electrical circuit,
interrupting the current or diverting it from one
conductor to another
Connectors are wire connection and interface to
connect two different points
Berge strip is also type of connector. It is of two
types male or female. This is also used for making
electrical connections to mount some components.
A DC connector (or DC plug, for one common
type of connector) is an electrical connector for
supplying direct current (DC) power.
17

18. LCD DISPLAY
LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) screen is an electronic display module.
A 16x2 LCD means it can display 16 characters per line and there are 2 such lines.
In this LCD each character is displayed in 5x7 pixel matrix.
This LCD has two registers, namely, Command and Data.
18

19. L293D
Motor drivers act as current amplifiers and designed to control 2 DC motors.
L293D is a dual H-bridge motor driver integrated circuit (IC).
19

20. 20

21. DC MOTOR
A DC motor is an electric motor that
runs on direct current (DC) electricity.
DC motors are used to run machinery,
often eliminating the need for a local
steam engine or internal combustion
engine.
DC motors can operate directly from
rechargeable batteries, providing the
motive power for the first electric
vehicles.
21

22. ADVANTAGES
This method of analyzing or detecting the presence of alcohol in breath is relatively a
quick analysis as compared to other techniques.
The sensors used in this project are smaller in size, not so bulky, hence can be
carried.
The project based on this technology is self sufficient within itself and thus can be used
as a safety system for any vehicle and the human being driving it by preventing the
accidents to occur.
The system isn’t police dependent.
In case if we are drunk, our family members will drive us safely in that case. Also
unauthorized access to the car and rash driving is not possible.
22

23. DISADVANTAGES
May read all hydrocarbons (organic vapors) and may habitually produce false
positive alcohol readings caused by smoker’s and car exhaust CO as well as many
other environmental vapours and gases.
This senor is partial pressure sensitive and therefore may change sensitivity with
change in altitude and elevation.
This sensor may be sensitive to changes in ambient temperature, humidity and
breath-flow patterns and may give false readings if not adjusted or recalibrated to
account for ambient or surrounding air temperatures. The temperature of the
subject is also very important.
On the other hand, products such as mouthwash or breath spray can "fool" breath
machines by significantly raising test result. for example, LISTERINE MOUTHWASH
contains 27% alcohol.
The system cannot prevent accidents due to others fault however if any mishap
happens the system sends a message to the family members.
23

24. CONCLUSION
This project introduces the vehicle alcohol detection, discusses new alcohol
detection and control system design and implementation.
In view of the designer's ability and level and electronic product development
continued to develop in this system, there are many disadvantages, only in the
laboratory test stage, many standards are not mature, but also for the extension
and optimization of the system and the complex problem, need further study.
24

25. 25