This document discusses different types of forces including thrust, lift, drag, magnetism, gravity, and friction. It explains how balanced and unbalanced forces affect the motion of objects. Balanced forces cause objects to remain stationary, while unbalanced forces cause movement, changes in speed or direction. Friction is defined and different types are described including static, rolling, sliding, and fluid friction. Examples are given of how forces and friction impact various situations and technologies.
Friction is a force that slows down moving objects or prevents stationary objects from moving .
Friction is a contact force .
Friction produces heat .
For example – A matchstick
Friction opposes the motion of an object
When one surface moves over another , these grooves and ridges get caught up with each other and slow down the motion . This causes friction .
Friction is a force that slows down moving objects or prevents stationary objects from moving .
Friction is a contact force .
Friction produces heat .
For example – A matchstick
Friction opposes the motion of an object
When one surface moves over another , these grooves and ridges get caught up with each other and slow down the motion . This causes friction .
Best ppt on friction explaination, types of friction ,advantage & disadvantage of friction.effects of friction, methods of increacing and reducing friction,with example
Kinds of Friction
A moving object is affected by friction. However, the amount of friction may vary depending on the type of surface the object gets in contact with.
Rolling Friction
When an object rolls over a surface , rolling friction is produced. One of the most common examples of rolling friction is the movement of motor vehicle tires on the road , a process that generates heat and sound as by-products. Rolling friction is easier to overcome than sliding friction for similar materials. This type of friction is important to engineers who design certain products. For example, skates, skateboards, and bicycles need wheels that move freely.
Sliding Friction
Sliding friction occurs when two solid surfaces slide over each other. Sliding friction can be useful. For example, you can spread sand on an icy path to improve your footing. Ballet dancers apply a sticky powder to the soles of their ballet slippers so they won’t slip on the dance floor. And when you stop a bicycle with hand brakes, rubber pads slide against the tire surfaces, causing the wheels to slow and eventually stop. On the other hand, sliding friction is a problem if you fall off your bike and skin your knee!
Fluid Friction
Fluids, such as water, oil, or air, are materials that flow easily. Fluid friction occurs when a solid object moves through a fluid. Like rolling friction, fluid friction is easier to overcome than sliding friction.
Static Friction
The friction that acts on objects that are not moving is called static friction. Because of static friction, you must use extra force to start the motion of stationary objects. For example, think about what happens when you try to push a heavy desk across a floor. If you push on the desk with a force less than the force of static friction between the desk and the floor, the desk will not move. To make the desk move, you must exert a force greater than the force of static friction.
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8. Balanced Forces Each sumo wrestler is applying equal pushing force, resulting in them remaining stationary
9. Balanced Forces The downward for of gravity is equal to the lifting force of the air under the wings, resulting in the aircraft remaining aloft
10. Balanced Forces The ship is floating on the water, the forces are balanced. Gravity is pulling the ship downward, but the water is forcing the ship upwards due to its displacement of lesser density
11. Equal and Opposite Forces If substances are sufficiently strong, they can not be moved when forces are applied, because they will act in an equal and opposite manner
12. Equal and Opposite Forces In the case of the balancing rocks, the upward force of the lower rocks make up for the downward force of gravity While the balloon pulls upward, the child’s hand pulls downward
13. Equal and Opposite Forces In addition, the forces being applied by gravity can overcome upward forces, with sometimes unfortunate results
14. Equal and Opposite Forces If substances are sufficiently strong, they can not be moved when forces are applied, because they will act in an equal and opposite manner
15. Unequal Forces Those unequal forces will cause movement whether it is horizontal or vertical
16. Unequal Forces If upward thrust or lift exceeds the force of gravity, the spaceship or aircraft will take off.
17. Unequal Forces Drag In sky diving, initially gravity far exceeds drag, and thus you free fall very rapidly (over 100 mph). Once the chute is released, the amount of drag increases dramatically and you slow to under 10 mph
18. Unequal Forces Using drag and lift, wingsuit flyers and paragliders can control where they go and soar around for long periods before eventually landing.
19. Unbalanced Forces The magnetic attractive force is pulling the metal upwards The magnetic force is greater than the force of gravity therefore the metal can be lifted up Gravity is pulling the metal to the ground
20. Unbalanced Forces The magnetic repulsive force is pushing the train upwards The magnetic force is greater than the force of gravity therefore the train can be levitated Maglev technology has potential, because the train is not physically in contact with the track. It hovers and thus there is no friction Gravity is pulling the metal to the ground
21. Balanced and Unbalanced Forces The rubber band is exerting an opposite force to the person pulling on it. It will remain in this state until one of two things happen: The material snaps (pulling force exceeds material strength) Person releases force and rubber band rebounds and launches
22. FRICTION Friction occurs when two substances are in contact with each other The greater the friction, the more force must be applied to move 24 mph 35 mph 5 mph
23. What is friction? Friction is a force that acts when two objects rub together. When the two objects appear to be smooth, there is less friction. When the two objects are rough, there is a greater amount of friction.
24. Friction Road bikes have tiny thin wheels to reduce contact with the ground and friction. In addition, the bikers wear tight fitting clothing to reduce air friction. Mountain bikes have thicker tires to increase contact with the ground, using friction to prevent the biker from slipping and falling in rough terrain.
25. “Friction-less Movement” Some things can be done to reduce friction. Using lubrication such as water or oil can reduce the contact between solid surfaces Air hockey uses air to lift the puck up and allow it to travel rapidly.
26. Friction at the Microscopic Level Even though some objects look smooth, microscopically they are very rough & jagged. As they slide against each other they grind and drag against each other. Flies use microscopic hairs on their feet to grip these jagged edges on the surfaces
30. Different types of Friction: Fluid Friction: Force through fluids or air. When it is through air it is called air resistance.
31. Fluid Friction In this case, the waterfall is encountering air resistance on the way down, causing it to spread out and slow down. It also experience friction upon striking the pool surface, causing it to splash and spread.
32. Friction is good… Without friction we wouldn’t be able to walk, sit in a chair or drive safely. Everything would keep sliding and falling over. We need friction between our feet and the ground or we would not be able to stand up. When you are riding a bike and press the brakes, friction slows your bike down.
33. Friction is bad… If you want to push something heavy, friction makes it harder to move. Friction produces heat. Causing heat to build up is not always a good thing, especially inside a car engine. We try to reduce the amount of friction in a car engine by adding oil.