Friction is the force that resists the motion of objects in contact with each other and is caused by irregularities in the surfaces in contact. The different types of friction include static, sliding, and rolling friction and are affected by factors like the type of surface and amount of force pressing the surfaces together. While friction provides advantages like allowing us to walk without slipping, it also has disadvantages as it slows movement and produces unwanted heat, requiring more energy to overcome. Methods like lubrication and using rollers can help reduce friction.