1) The document discusses different types of motion including up and down, straight line, round and round, zigzag, and back and forth motion. It also discusses distance, direction, forces, and types of forces including balanced and unbalanced forces. 2) Forces can make something move, change an object's direction or speed, or change an object's shape. Examples of forces include gravity, friction, and air resistance. 3) Balanced forces do not change an object's motion, while unbalanced forces can make an object start or stop moving or change directions.

1. How are forces and motion
related? Chapter 11: Lesson 1:

2. Motion
Change in position

3. Types of motion
1) Up and
down motion
2) Straight
line motion
3) Round and
round motion
4) Zigzag
motion
5) Back and
forth motion

4. 1) Up and down motion

5. 2) Straight line motion

6. 3) Round and round motion

7. 4) Zigzag motion

8. 5) Back and forth motion

9. Motion can be:

10. Fast
and
Slow
motion
motion

11. Same direction
Or
Change direction

12. Draw arrows on the following
pictures showing the type of
motion.
Activity

15. Distance
How far it is from one
position to another position

16. Measure the distance of the arrows
shown using a ruler or a
measuring tape.
Activity

18. Direction
An object can move north,
south, east or west.

19. Forces
A push or a pull.
Example:
- When you open a door (pull)
- When you close a drawer (push)
- When you are kicking the ball (push)

20. A force can:
1) Make
something move
2) Change the
direction of a
moving object
3) Change the
speed of a moving
object
4) Change and
objects shape

21. Types of forces:
1) Balanced
forces
2) Unbalanced
forces

22. 1) Balanced Forces
Forces that cancel each other when acting
together on a single object.
Example:
Both forces are
equal so the
object does not
move

23. Balanced forces do not change motion.
- If an object is not moving it will not move.
- If an object is moving it will continue to
move in the same direction without
changing speed.

24. 2) Unbalanced Forces
Forces that are not equal to each other .
- It causes a change in motion.
- The greater force determines the direction of
motion.
- Unbalanced forces can make and object start to
move, speed up, slow down or change directions.

26. Gravity
The force that makes things
fall to the ground on earth.

27. Mass vs. Weight
- How much matter
in an object.
- Measured by g or
kg (not a force)
- Force caused by
gravity pulling down on
the mass of an object.
- Measured in Newton
(N)

28. How can we measure weight?
Weight is measure using a force meter.

29. • Friction is a force between two surfaces
that are sliding, or trying to slide across one
another, for example when you try to push a
toy car along the floor.
• Friction always works in the direction
opposite from the direction the object is
moving, or trying to move. It always slows
a moving object down.
Moving
Friction

30. • Friction also produces heat. For
example, if you rub your hands together
quickly, they get warmer.

31. • The amount of friction depends on the materials from
which the two surfaces are made. The rougher the surface,
the more friction is produced. For example, you would have
to push a book harder to get it moving on a carpet than you
would on a wooden floor. This is because there is more
friction between the carpet and the book than there is
between the wood and the book.

32. • Friction can be a useful force because it
prevents our shoes slipping on the pavement
when we walk and stops car tyres skidding on
the road.

33. • Ice causes very little friction, which is why it
is easy to slip over on an icy day. But this is a
good thing for ice skating and sledging.

34. • Sometimes we want to reduce friction. For
example, moving parts inside a car engine are
lubricated with oil, to reduce friction between
them. The oil holds the surfaces apart, and can
flow between them. The reduced friction means
there is less wear on the metal, and less heat
produced.

35. • Air resistance is a type of friction between
air and another material. When an aeroplane
flies through the air, for example, air
particles hit the aeroplane, making it more
difficult for the aeroplane to move through
the air.

36. • Some shapes, known as streamlined
shapes, cause less air resistance than
others. Aeroplanes and cars are
streamlined, so that they move through
the air as easily as possible.