Dr. A.T. Kalghatgi gave a seminar on Ultra Wideband (UWB) technology and its applications. He discussed how UWB uses very short pulse transmissions which provide advantages like being immune to multipath fading, having high data transfer potential, and allowing many devices to operate simultaneously without interference. He then explained key UWB concepts, compared it to other wireless technologies, reviewed its regulatory definition and applications in areas like communications, radar, and asset tracking. Challenges in UWB design and adoption were also summarized such as coexistence with other systems, receiver complexity, and global spectrum harmonization.
Ultrawideband is a wireless radio technology originally developed for secure military communications and
radar that is now declassified. It is a high-speed, short-range wireless technology - nearly 10 times faster than
802.11b. It can be used for transferring digital content between devices in different entertainment and
computing clusters in the home, such as digital video recorders, set-top boxes, televisions and PCs. UWB is
designed to replace cables with short-range, wireless connections, but it offers the much higher bandwidth
needed to support multimedia data streams at very low power levels. And because UWB can communicate both
relative distance and position, it can be used for tracking equipment, containers or other objects
Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) is a communication technology used in wireless networking to achieve high bandwidth connections with low power spectral density.
- What is UWB?
- Why UWB?
- How it works?
- Conclusion
ULTRA WIDE BAND TECHNOLOGY
BODY AREA NETWORKS
BW ³ 500 MHz regardless of fractional BW
UWB is a form of extremely wide spread spectrum where RF energy is spread over gigahertz of spectrum
Wider than any narrowband system by orders of magnitude
Power seen by a narrowband system is a fraction of the total UWB power
UWB signals can be designed to look like imperceptible random noise to conventional radios
Ultrawideband is a wireless radio technology originally developed for secure military communications and
radar that is now declassified. It is a high-speed, short-range wireless technology - nearly 10 times faster than
802.11b. It can be used for transferring digital content between devices in different entertainment and
computing clusters in the home, such as digital video recorders, set-top boxes, televisions and PCs. UWB is
designed to replace cables with short-range, wireless connections, but it offers the much higher bandwidth
needed to support multimedia data streams at very low power levels. And because UWB can communicate both
relative distance and position, it can be used for tracking equipment, containers or other objects
Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) is a communication technology used in wireless networking to achieve high bandwidth connections with low power spectral density.
- What is UWB?
- Why UWB?
- How it works?
- Conclusion
ULTRA WIDE BAND TECHNOLOGY
BODY AREA NETWORKS
BW ³ 500 MHz regardless of fractional BW
UWB is a form of extremely wide spread spectrum where RF energy is spread over gigahertz of spectrum
Wider than any narrowband system by orders of magnitude
Power seen by a narrowband system is a fraction of the total UWB power
UWB signals can be designed to look like imperceptible random noise to conventional radios
Visible light communication (vlc) systemsCKSunith1
The attached narrated power point presentation attempts to explain the working principle, block diagram, layer model, standards, advantages, disadvantages and modulation schemes as applicable to Visible Light Communication Systems (VLC). The material will be useful for KTU final year B Tech students who prepare for the subject EC 405, Optical Communications.
The attached narrated power point presentation will help one get familiarized with the basic concepts of Wavelength Division Multiplexing as well as get introduced to WDM Networks. The material will be useful for KTU final year B Tech students who prepare for the subject EC 405, Optical Communications.
Recently, UWB (Ultra Wide Band) has attracted a lot of attention and become one of the most promising successor for short-range wireless communication technologies. The project aims to provide a extensive knowledge about this potential technology. Not only giving a introduction, we also compared advantages and disadvantages of UWB technology with currently used standards like 802.11a/b/g, 2G Cellular, Ethernet, Bluetooth, FastEthernet in terms of power consumption, spectral density, robustness against multipath and penetration capability, data rate in short distance, carrier-less transmission, etc. Additionally, we examine current applications and potential commercial uses of UWB in the future as an evidence for the versatile of this technology.
Millimeter waves is considered as a key enabling technology for the future wireless networks, 5G network.
To that end, these simple slides go further in the motivation, characteristics, applications, and many others related to the mmWaves.
enjoy .. :)
Visible light communication (vlc) systemsCKSunith1
The attached narrated power point presentation attempts to explain the working principle, block diagram, layer model, standards, advantages, disadvantages and modulation schemes as applicable to Visible Light Communication Systems (VLC). The material will be useful for KTU final year B Tech students who prepare for the subject EC 405, Optical Communications.
The attached narrated power point presentation will help one get familiarized with the basic concepts of Wavelength Division Multiplexing as well as get introduced to WDM Networks. The material will be useful for KTU final year B Tech students who prepare for the subject EC 405, Optical Communications.
Recently, UWB (Ultra Wide Band) has attracted a lot of attention and become one of the most promising successor for short-range wireless communication technologies. The project aims to provide a extensive knowledge about this potential technology. Not only giving a introduction, we also compared advantages and disadvantages of UWB technology with currently used standards like 802.11a/b/g, 2G Cellular, Ethernet, Bluetooth, FastEthernet in terms of power consumption, spectral density, robustness against multipath and penetration capability, data rate in short distance, carrier-less transmission, etc. Additionally, we examine current applications and potential commercial uses of UWB in the future as an evidence for the versatile of this technology.
Millimeter waves is considered as a key enabling technology for the future wireless networks, 5G network.
To that end, these simple slides go further in the motivation, characteristics, applications, and many others related to the mmWaves.
enjoy .. :)
Circular Patch Antenna Performance using EBG StructureIDES Editor
Electromagnetic Band-Gap (EBG) structures are a
popular and efficient technique for microwave applications.
EBG may be combined with microstrip antenna to increase
the diversity gain, the radiation efficiency and/or to suppress
surface waves, to reduce the side lobes of the radiation pattern
and to increase the bandwidth. In this paper, two different
structures will be presented and discussed, which involve: (1)
EBG structure fed by circular patch antenna, and (2) circular
patch antenna surrounded by one row of EBG structure. The
influence of the EBG structure on the radiation patterns is
investigated. The effect of the surface waves is also considered.
Finally, the reduction of the side lobes of the radiation pattern
to increase the bandwidth is presented.
A small couple slotted antenna for UWB applicationJigyasa Singh
WPAN technology aims to provide a reliable wireless communication between computer, portable devices & consumer electronics within short range.This requires high data rate.
Therefore, UWB technology has been designed & developed to meet this demand. For this, UWB antennas are essential.
High performance browser networking ch5,6Seung-Bum Lee
Presentation material including summary of "High Performance Browser Networking" by Ilya Grigorik. This book includes very good summary of computer network not only for internet browsing but also multimedia streaming.
Performance Analysis of Ultra Wideband Communication SystemEditor IJMTER
Ultra-Wideband (UWB) is a radio transmission scheme that uses extremely low power
pulses of radio energy spread across a wide spectrum of frequencies. UWB has several advantages
over conventional continuous wave radio communications including potential support for high data
rates, robustness to multipath interference and fading. The paper covers Ultra Wide-Band
technology. General description, Challenges, various modulation schemes such as OOK, PAM,
PPM, and BPSK under specified Ultra Wide Band regimes: low Power spectral density, large
spreading ratio and a highly dispersive channel. The capacity and BER performance of a single user
ultra wideband communication is investigated for various modulation schemes and coded, uncoded
methods also simulated. Fading channel like Ricean and Rayleigh are compared. Channelized digital
receiver concept is discussed.
Implementation of Optical wireless communication through underwater channelSANKETLKENDUR
This project is based on transformation of data like text, voice, audio and image through underwater using visible light. This is major application in military like navy and submarines, scientific community for underwater research, flood detection, climatic changes , oceanography and more . The cost of this budget around 15k to 17k.
While wireless communication technology today has become part of our daily life, the
idea of wireless undersea communications may still seem far-fetched. However, research has
been active for over a decade on designing the methods for wireless information transmission
underwater. Human knowledge and understanding of the world’s oceans, which constitute
the major part of our planet, rests on our ability to collect information from remote undersea
locations.
The major discoveries of the past decades, such as the remains of Titanic, or the hydrothermal
vents at bottom of deep ocean, were made using cabled submersibles. Although such
systems remain indispensable if high-speed communication link is to exists between the
remote end and the surface, it is natural to wonder what one could accomplish without the
burden (and cost) of heavy cables.
UK Spectrum Policy Forum - Alex Dixon, Ofcom - Fixed Wireless ServicestechUK
UK Spectrum Policy Forum
Cluster 2 “Spectrum Access and Use” - 2nd December 2014
Alex Dixon, Head of Fixed Wireless Services, Ofcom
Fixed Wireless Services
More information at: http://www.techuk.org/about/uk-spectrum-policy-forum
All rights reserved
What is Wireless Communication or Unguided Transmission MediaAhsan Rahim
What is Wireless Communication or What is Unguided Media | A Complete Introduction to the Wireless Communication Systems
In layman language it is communication in which information is transferred between two or more points without any wire. Transmitting/receiving voice and data using electromagnetic waves in open space. In wireless Communication the information from sender to receiver is carried over a well defined channel. Each channel has a fixed frequency bandwidth & capacity(bit rate) & Different channels can be used to transmit information in parallel and independently.
This video explains what Wireless Communication is & and why it's faster, effective & doesn't eat up our valuable IT resources as compare to Wired Communication or Guided Media
Watch Video Here : https://youtu.be/xs05l4GEbZA
Wireless Communication : https://www.slideshare.net/AhsanRahim1/wireless-communication-or-unguided-transmission-media/
Learn more about Wireless Communication at : https://www.slideshare.net/ahsanrahim1
Cloud Computing in 2017 : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1OuaAgvYWQo
Software Development Life Cycle Models : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Lxnn0O3xaM
Subscribe to Science Villa on YouTube for exclusive updates on new videos : https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKVvceV1RGXLz0GeesbQnVg
Memristor-Capacitor Based Startup Circuit for Voltage Reference Generatorsmangal das
This paper presents the design of Memristorcapacitor based startup circuit. Memristor is a novel device and has many advantages over conventional CMOS devices such as no leakage current and is easy to manufacture. In this work the switching characteristics of memristor is utilized. First the
theoretical equations describing the switching behavior of memristor are derived. To prove the switching capabilities of Memristor, a startup circuit based on series combination of Memristor-capacitor is proposed. This circuit is compared with the reference circuit (which utilizes resistor in place of memristor) and the previously reported MOSFET based startup circuits. Comparison of different circuits was done to validate the results. Simulation results shows that memristor based circuit attains on (I = 2.25 mA) to off state (I = 10 μA) in 2.8 ns while the MOSFET based startup circuits takes (I = 1 mA) to off state (I = 10 μA) in 55.56 ns. However no significant difference in switching time was observed when compared with resistance based startup circuit. The benefit comes in terms of area because much larger die area is required for manufacturing of resistance in comparison to fabrication of memristor.
you can be friend with me on orkut
"mangalforyou@gmail.com" : i belive in sharing the knowledge so please send project reports ,seminar and ppt. to me .
you can be friend with me on orkut
"mangalforyou@gmail.com" : i belive in sharing the knowledge so please send project reports ,seminar and ppt. to me .
you can be friend with me on orkut
"mangalforyou@gmail.com" : i belive in sharing the knowledge so please send project reports ,seminar and ppt. to me .
you can be friend with me on orkut
"mangalforyou@gmail.com" : i belive in sharing the knowledge so please send project reports ,seminar and ppt. to me .
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersSafe Software
Are you looking to streamline your workflows and boost your projects’ efficiency? Do you find yourself searching for ways to add flexibility and control over your FME workflows? If so, you’re in the right place.
Join us for an insightful dive into the world of FME parameters, a critical element in optimizing workflow efficiency. This webinar marks the beginning of our three-part “Essentials of Automation” series. This first webinar is designed to equip you with the knowledge and skills to utilize parameters effectively: enhancing the flexibility, maintainability, and user control of your FME projects.
Here’s what you’ll gain:
- Essentials of FME Parameters: Understand the pivotal role of parameters, including Reader/Writer, Transformer, User, and FME Flow categories. Discover how they are the key to unlocking automation and optimization within your workflows.
- Practical Applications in FME Form: Delve into key user parameter types including choice, connections, and file URLs. Allow users to control how a workflow runs, making your workflows more reusable. Learn to import values and deliver the best user experience for your workflows while enhancing accuracy.
- Optimization Strategies in FME Flow: Explore the creation and strategic deployment of parameters in FME Flow, including the use of deployment and geometry parameters, to maximize workflow efficiency.
- Pro Tips for Success: Gain insights on parameterizing connections and leveraging new features like Conditional Visibility for clarity and simplicity.
We’ll wrap up with a glimpse into future webinars, followed by a Q&A session to address your specific questions surrounding this topic.
Don’t miss this opportunity to elevate your FME expertise and drive your projects to new heights of efficiency.
PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)Ralf Eggert
In this presentation, we examine the challenges and limitations of relying too heavily on PHP frameworks in web development. We discuss the history of PHP and its frameworks to understand how this dependence has evolved. The focus will be on providing concrete tips and strategies to reduce reliance on these frameworks, based on real-world examples and practical considerations. The goal is to equip developers with the skills and knowledge to create more flexible and future-proof web applications. We'll explore the importance of maintaining autonomy in a rapidly changing tech landscape and how to make informed decisions in PHP development.
This talk is aimed at encouraging a more independent approach to using PHP frameworks, moving towards a more flexible and future-proof approach to PHP development.
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfCheryl Hung
Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
The key trends across hardware, cloud and open-source; exploring how these areas are likely to mature and develop over the short and long-term, and then considering how organisations can position themselves to adapt and thrive.
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf91mobiles
91mobiles recently conducted a Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey in which we asked over 3,000 respondents about the TV they own, aspects they look at on a new TV, and their TV buying preferences.
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
Search and Society: Reimagining Information Access for Radical FuturesBhaskar Mitra
The field of Information retrieval (IR) is currently undergoing a transformative shift, at least partly due to the emerging applications of generative AI to information access. In this talk, we will deliberate on the sociotechnical implications of generative AI for information access. We will argue that there is both a critical necessity and an exciting opportunity for the IR community to re-center our research agendas on societal needs while dismantling the artificial separation between the work on fairness, accountability, transparency, and ethics in IR and the rest of IR research. Instead of adopting a reactionary strategy of trying to mitigate potential social harms from emerging technologies, the community should aim to proactively set the research agenda for the kinds of systems we should build inspired by diverse explicitly stated sociotechnical imaginaries. The sociotechnical imaginaries that underpin the design and development of information access technologies needs to be explicitly articulated, and we need to develop theories of change in context of these diverse perspectives. Our guiding future imaginaries must be informed by other academic fields, such as democratic theory and critical theory, and should be co-developed with social science scholars, legal scholars, civil rights and social justice activists, and artists, among others.
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 3DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 3. In this session, we will cover desktop automation along with UI automation.
Topics covered:
UI automation Introduction,
UI automation Sample
Desktop automation flow
Pradeep Chinnala, Senior Consultant Automation Developer @WonderBotz and UiPath MVP
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
JMeter webinar - integration with InfluxDB and GrafanaRTTS
Watch this recorded webinar about real-time monitoring of application performance. See how to integrate Apache JMeter, the open-source leader in performance testing, with InfluxDB, the open-source time-series database, and Grafana, the open-source analytics and visualization application.
In this webinar, we will review the benefits of leveraging InfluxDB and Grafana when executing load tests and demonstrate how these tools are used to visualize performance metrics.
Length: 30 minutes
Session Overview
-------------------------------------------
During this webinar, we will cover the following topics while demonstrating the integrations of JMeter, InfluxDB and Grafana:
- What out-of-the-box solutions are available for real-time monitoring JMeter tests?
- What are the benefits of integrating InfluxDB and Grafana into the load testing stack?
- Which features are provided by Grafana?
- Demonstration of InfluxDB and Grafana using a practice web application
To view the webinar recording, go to:
https://www.rttsweb.com/jmeter-integration-webinar
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...
Ultra wide band
1. ELITEX 2007 Seminar on 1Oth January 2007
Ultra Wide Band (UWB)
Technology & Its Applications
by
Dr.A.T.Kalghatgi
Chief Scientist
Central Research Laboratory
Bharat Electronics Limited.,
Bangalore
2. ELITEX 2007 Seminar on 1Oth January 2007
Overview
• Trends that drive short range wireless
• Definition of UWB
• Advantages of UWB
• Applications of UWB
• UWB Challenges
3. ELITEX 2007 Seminar on 1Oth January 2007
• The growing demand for wireless data capability
in portable devices at higher bandwidth
• Crowding in the spectrum that is segmented and
licensed by regulatory authorities in traditional
ways.
• The growth of high-speed wired access to the
Internet in enterprises, homes, and public
spaces.
• Shrinking semiconductor cost and power
consumption for signal processing.
Trends that are driving short-range wireless
4. ELITEX 2007 Seminar on 1Oth January 2007
Communication using Pulse
A pulse is narrow in time and wideband in frequency
Sinusoidal signals are narrow in frequency and "wide" over
time
5. ELITEX 2007 Seminar on 1Oth January 2007
Narrow band Problems
Narrowband Problems
• Multipath fading
-Destructive interference of CW signals causes signal
loss
• Insecure
-Narrow Band signals are easily detected and jammed
• Poor range resolution
-Range resolution for tracking applications is a function
of RF bandwidth
• Limited data rate
-Narrow RF bandwidth means narrow data bandwidth
6. ELITEX 2007 Seminar on 1Oth January 2007
The UWB solution
•Ultimate in spectrum spreading
•GHz of RF bandwidth
•Has all the advantages of spread spectrum
But to a much larger extent
•Immune to multipath fading
•Virtually undetectable
•Unprecedented range resolution
•Potential for very high data rates
•Simple to implement
•High capacity
7. ELITEX 2007 Seminar on 1Oth January 2007
Comparison of UWB vs Spread
Spectrum and Narrow Band
8. ELITEX 2007 Seminar on 1Oth January 2007
Definition of UWB
Conventional Definition- Short Pulse
• “Carrier Free”,”Baseband” or “Impulse
based”
• Typically only a Free RF Cycles
- Large fractional bandwidth (BW/f)
• Very low duty cycles resulting in low
average energy densities
• Typically generated by impulse or step
excited antennas and filters
10. ELITEX 2007 Seminar on 1Oth January 2007
UWB Fractional Bandwidth
As per FCC guidelines UWB fractional
bandwidth is defined by,
Where:
fu
= upper –10 dB point
fl
= lower –10 dB point
Either 25% fractional bandwidth
criteria should be met or the
instantaneous bandwidth of 500 MHz.
15. ELITEX 2007 Seminar on 1Oth January 2007
Comparison of Spatial Capacity of
Various Indoor Wireless System
System Maximum
Data Rate
[Mbps]
Transmissio
n Distance
[m]
Spatial Capacity
[kbps/m2]
Spectral
Capacity
[bps/Hz]
UWB 100 10 318.3 0.013
IEEE
802.11a
54 50 6.90 2.7
Bluetooth 1 10 3.2 0.012
802.11b 11 100 0.35 0.1317
16. ELITEX 2007 Seminar on 1Oth January 2007
Comparison of UWB bit rate with
other wired and wireless standards
Speed
(Mbit s/
second)
St andard
480 UWB,USB2.0
200 UWB(4m minimum),1394a (4.5m)
110 UWB(10m minimum)
90 Fast Et hernet
54 802.11a
20 802.11g
11 802.11b
10 Et hernet
1 Bluet oot h
17. ELITEX 2007 Seminar on 1Oth January 2007
UWB Major Application Areas
a) Communications
–Wireless Audio, Data & Video Distribution
–RF Tagging & Identification
b) Radar
–Collision/Obstacle Avoidance
–Precision Altimetry
–Intrusion Detection (“see through wall”)
–Ground Penetrating Radar
c) Precision Geolocation
–Asset Tracking
–Personnel localization
18. ELITEX 2007 Seminar on 1Oth January 2007
Some of Military & Commercial
Applications of UWB
20. ELITEX 2007 Seminar on 1Oth January 2007
Voice and Data Communications
•With increasing congestion in the radio spectrum
from communications appliances of all forms,
new schemes for allowing more users in a given
area are always sought.
•UWB allows users to simultaneously share the
spectrum with no interference to one another and
to apply it in UWB devices, such as high-speed
home and business networking devices as well as
storage tank measurement.
21. ELITEX 2007 Seminar on 1Oth January 2007
Ground and Ice Penetrating
RADAR
• A system used to detect objects buried in the
ground.
•A special directional antenna to transmit the
stimulus signal into the ground and receive the
reflected waves.
•Depth of penetration is typically between 0.5
and 10 m, very short pulses are needed to
resolve typical buried targets.
22. ELITEX 2007 Seminar on 1Oth January 2007
Wall Imaging Radar System
•To detect the location of objects contained within
a "wall," such as a concrete structure, the side of a
bridge, or the wall of a mine.
•Operation is restricted by FCC to law enforcement,
fire and rescue organizations, to scientific research
institutions, to commercial mining companies, and
to construction companies.
23. ELITEX 2007 Seminar on 1Oth January 2007
Through Wall Radar
System•Uses very short pulses to provide
detection of objects on the opposite side of
a non-metallic wall.
•The stimulus signal is transmitted into the
wall. A portion of the signal incident on the
wall is transmitted through the wall and
into the space on the far side.
•Objects in the field then reflect the signal back to the wall
where part of the signal is transmitted through the wall to
the receiver.
•Freq of Operation: below 960 MHz or 3.1-10.6 GHz band.
24. ELITEX 2007 Seminar on 1Oth January 2007
Surveillance Systems
•UWB based Surveillance
systems operate as "security
fences" by establishing a
stationary RF perimeter field
("bubble") and detecting the
intrusion of persons or objects in
that field.
•"Bubble" can be established to cover either
certain area or certain object, such as aircraft,
vehicle etc.
•Frequency band 1.99-10.6 GHz.
25. ELITEX 2007 Seminar on 1Oth January 2007
Vehicular Radar Systems
Potential applications include
• collision avoidance,
• proximity aids,
•intelligent cruise control systems,
•improved airbag activation
•& suspension systems that better respond to road
conditions.
•FCC limits operation of vehicular radar to the 22-29
GHz band using directional antennas on terrestrial
transportation vehicles provided the center frequency
of the emission and the frequency at which the highest
radiated emission occurs are greater than 24.075 GHz.
26. ELITEX 2007 Seminar on 1Oth January 2007
Fluid Level Measurements
UWB distance measuring hardware can
be used as an electronic dipstick, to
determine the level of a fluid in a tank by
measuring the distance between the top of
the tank and the interface with the surface of
the fluid.
27. ELITEX 2007 Seminar on 1Oth January 2007
Asset Location
• Another form of data communications.
• Up-to-date inventory of assets in a given
location.
• A coded transmitter can be attached to each
asset for instantaneous inventory control.
• Not only can determine the presence of a
particular object, but also provides
information as to its exact location.
28. ELITEX 2007 Seminar on 1Oth January 2007
ID Tags
•Similar to asset tracking, ID tags can be used to
wirelessly identify individuals with issued ID
tags.
•Other applications are Intelligent Transportation
Systems, Electronic Signs and Smart Appliances
29. ELITEX 2007 Seminar on 1Oth January 2007
UWB can enable a wide variety of
WPAN applications.
• Replacing IEEE1394 cables between portable
multimedia CE devices, such as camcorders, digital
cameras, and portable MP3 players, with wireless
connectivity
• Enabling high-speed wireless universal serial
bus (WUSB) connectivity for PCs and PC peripherals,
including printers,scanners, and external storage
devices
• Replacing cables in next-generation Bluetooth
Technology devices, such as 3G cell phones, as well
as IP/UPnP-based connectivity for the next generation
of IP-based PC/CE/mobile devices
• Creating ad-hoc high-bit-rate wireless
connectivity for CE,PC, and mobile devices
30. ELITEX 2007 Seminar on 1Oth January 2007
PC Clusters interconnected thru
UWB enabled Wireless USB
31. ELITEX 2007 Seminar on 1Oth January 2007
UWB Key Design Challenges
• Co-existence with other services Strong narrow band
interference
• Shaping of spectrum of the TX signal (impulse radio, multi-band
OFDM based UWB etc.)
• Practical and Simple Receiver Design (Synchronisation/Coherent
or non coherent receiver design)
• Wideband RF components (antenna,LNA etc.)
• Time Domain response of antenna is important since the
antenna shapes the pulse
•Antennas for impulse radio can no longer be optimized at the
carrier frequency
•Flat group delay so that high and low frequency signals arrive
simultaneously
• High Sampling rate ADCs for digital implementations
32. ELITEX 2007 Seminar on 1Oth January 2007
For UWB technology to become a widely adopted radio
solution, a few key areas need to be resolved:
•Performance (including over-the-air data rate performance,
power consumption, co-existence with other wireless devices,
immunity to interference, and link robustness)
•Interoperability
•Time-to-market considerations
•Ease of product integration and certification
•Overall solution cost (to the OEM)
•Fulfillment and support
•Quality of service
•Global spectrum allocation
Other Challenges for UWB