The document discusses the main components of a computer system. It describes hardware components like the monitor, keyboard, and mouse. It also discusses software components like operating systems, application software for specific tasks, and system software that enables hardware. The core components of a computer system are described as the input and output devices, secondary storage, and the processor and internal memory devices like the CPU, RAM, ROM and internal hard drive. The operating system is software that enables users to communicate with and control the computer system.

1. Components of
computer
System
 Hardware and software
 Main components of
computer system
 Operating system
 Control devices

2. Hardware
• The physical parts that make up a computer
• Examples: Monitor, Mouse, Keyboard, Speaker, Microphone,
Printer, Web cam, Scanner

3. Software
$ Genreally mean: “ set of instructions that operates the computer”
$ Application software: “ programs that enable a user to do specific
task”.
Example: Word processor, Spreadsheet, Database, Presentation,
Web browser, Desktop Publisher, Graphics Program
$ System software: “programs that enable hardware to run
properly”
Example: GUI and CLI

4. Main components of
computer system
£ A typical computer is made up of hardware and software
1. Input devices: keyboard, mouse
2. Output devices: speaker, monitor
3. Secondary storage device: magnetic tapes, optical disk
4. Processor and internal memory devices:
∞ CPU is a one or more circuit board which is made up of discrete
components which interprets and execute commands from
hardware to software.
∞ Internal hard drive is the main memory which stores the
software and data files. Fast data transfer and large memory
capacity.
∞ Random Access Memory(RAM) is an internal chip where data
of running application is stored temporarily. This memory can
be written and read from.
∞ Read Only Memory(ROM) is used to store permanent
memory(NON-VOLATILE). Can only be read but not written.
Contains some coding known as boot file [ Basic input/ output
system(BIOS)]

5. Main
components
of computer
system
Output
devices
Input
devices
Processor
and internal
memory
devices
Secondary
storage
device
Key-
board
mouse
monitor
speaker
Magnet
ic tape
Optical
disk
CPU
Internal
hard
drive
Random
Access
Memory
(RAM)
Read
Only
Memory
(ROM)
more circuit board

6. Operating system
€ To enable users to communicate with computer systems.
♫ Controlling the operation of input, output and backing storage
device
♫ Supervising the loading, running & storage.
♫ Dealing with errors
♫ Maintaining security of program
♫ Maintaining a computer log
♫ User interface (allowing communication between user and
computer)
€ Command Line Interface(CLI)
λ Require to type in instructions in order to choose options
λ Must learn commands and slow to have to key in commands
λ Direct communication with computer and not restricted to a number
of pre-determined option.

7. € Graphical User Interface(GUI)
ћ Using icons(pictures/symbols) to represent
applications.
ћ Windows icons menu and pointing device/ WIMP
ћ Uses cursor to select icons